Abstract: Element isolation technique for LSIs having a fine pattern of sub-micron class or finer. A high strained region doped with impurities at a high concentration is formed under, and remote from, a buried insulating material (dielectrics) layer for element isolation. With this buried dielectrics element isolation (BDEI) structure, since the high strained layer exists just under the buried dielectrics layer, crystal defects generated near the buried dielectrics layer due to strain caused by a difference of thermal expansion coefficient between a semiconductor layer and the buried dielectrics layer, are moved toward the high strained layer. Accordingly, the crystal defects do not reach an active region where active elements are formed, so that leakage current in the p-n junction formed in the active layer can be advantageously reduced.

Abstract: A magnetic head for vertical magnetic recording includes a return portion having a sufficiently large area confronting a magnetic recording medium, a main pole having its front end portion confronting the magnetic recording medium, a magneto-resistive film provided in the middle of a magnetic circuit, including the return portion, the main pole, and the magnetic recording medium. The magnetic head has its initial magnetization set in the direction virtually orthogonal to the direction of flux in the magnetic circuit. A first and a second terminal are connected to both ends of the magneto-resistive film. The magnetic circuit also includes a bypass magnetic path magnetically connecting the main pole with the return portion.

Abstract: In the event of recording a picture signal for left eye and a picture signal for right eye, a picture signal for one of right and left eyes limited in band by a low pass filter as being an additional signal and a picture signal for the other eye as being a primary signal, and the additional signal together with the primary signal are recorded on recording medium.

Abstract: A physical quantity detecting apparatus comprises at least one optical fiber, at least one light emitting means for emitting an incident light beam on the optical fiber, at least one light receiving means for detecting an outgoing light beam from the optical fiber, physical quantity applied position information generating means for providing information indicative of a position of a portion at which a physical quantity is applied to the optical fiber, and operation means for receiving signals from the light receiving means and physical quantities applied position information generating means and calculating a change with time in physical quantity at respective positions on the optical fiber.

Abstract: A photometry part measures a brightness within a shot visual field. A focusing part measures a distance up to a main subject. A focal length measuring part measures a focal length of a taking lens. A strobe light control part directs a strobe to flash regularly and decreases a strobe exposure gradually from a standard exposure in accordance with the measured parameters. The measured distance at which the exposure of the strobe is decreased, is defined as the strobe changeover distance. The strobe light control part sets the strobe changeover distance to be long as the focal length at photographing becomes long, so that the exposure of the main subject on the image surface can be kept proper.

Abstract: A three-phase brushless motor includes a rotary shaft, a rotor fixed to an outer surface of the rotary shaft, and a drive coil of three phases disposed around the rotor. An outer surface of the rotor is magnetized to have alternately and equidistantly arrayed S and N poles and a plural number of low flux density regions are provided in a gap between the outer surface of the rotor and an inner surface of the drive coil.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of converting 2D images into 3D images by producing from a 2D image signal a main image signal and a sub-image signal delayed from the main image signal. In the present invention, a temporary field delay from the main image signal to the sub-image signal is found on the basis of data related to the movement in the current field of the main image signal (a first step). A target field delay is then found on the basis of the temporary field delay found in the first step (a second step). A true field delay used in the succeeding field is found on the basis of the target field delay found in the second step and the true field delay used in the current field (a third step).

Abstract: A semiconductor device has a semiconductor substrate having a groove, and a semiconductor element formed in a surface region of the semiconductor substrate. A substance having a thermal expansion coefficient different from the semiconductor substrate is embedded in at least a portion of the groove, a crystal defect is generated from the region near the bottom of the groove in the semiconductor substrate, thereby alleviating stress and strain in other regions of the semiconductor substrate, such that such regions cannot generate crystal defects in a region necessary for a circuit operation of the semiconductor element of the surface region.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes an underlying layer formed by a first insulation layer, a plurality of island semiconductor layers formed on the first insulation layer, source and drain regions formed in each of the island semiconductor layers, a first gate electrode formed between the source and drain regions and formed on and insulated from the island semiconductor layer, a second insulation layer formed on the sides of the island semiconductor layer and along the periphery of the first gate electrode, the second insulation layer being higher than the surface of the island semiconductor layer and lower than the surface of the first gate electrode, and a second gate electrode formed over both the first gate electrode and the second insulation layer.

Abstract: A heater for heating a liquid in which the electrical contact between a PTC thermistor and electrode plates is surely realized, and the thermal coupling and the thermal efficiency are excellent. In a case 1, an internal space 13 has an opening 14 at one side portion, and the whole of the periphery of the case is closed except the opening 14. A pair of electrode plates 21 and 22 have projections 211 and 221 on faces 212 and 222, and are housed in the internal space 13 of the case 1 in such a manner that their other faces 223 are opposed to heat radiating faces 11 and 12. The PTC thermistors are disposed between the electrode plates 21 and 22 in such a manner that projections 211 and 221 are contacted with the electrodes 32 and 33, respectively. Thermal conductive fillers 41 and 42 made of a resin are charged between the electrodes 32 and 33 of the PTC thermistors 3 and the electrode plates 21 and 22 so as to fill the gaps which are formed by the projections 211 and 221.

Abstract: A film feeder for taking up a film from a film container one frame at a time by rotation of a takeup spool driven by a film feed motor. The film feeder is provided with a film tension control means for actuating the feed motor in the opposite direction to the direction in which the film is fed only by an amount sufficient to relieve the tension of the film while the film is maintained at a predetermined position every time the film is fed for one frame.

Abstract: A stepping motor having a shaft with a magnet fixed coaxially thereon, a pair of bobbins of soft magnetic material fixed along the shaft at opposite ends of the magnets, A-phase and B-phase coils wound around the bobbins, yokes having bottom plate portions fixed to the end portion of each of the bobbins on the magnet side and having short pole teeth facing part of the outer peripheral surface of the magnet, long pole teeth of soft magnetic material having one end releasably connected to an end portion of each of the bobbins on a side opposite to the magnet and an other end facing an outer portion of an outer peripheral surface of the magnet; and pole-tooth supports of non-magnetic material coaxially placed to surround the outer peripheral surface of the magnet with all of the long pole teeth integrally fixed to the pole-tooth support members and the short pole-teeth releasably inserted into the pole-tooth housing section formed in the pole-tooth support members.

Abstract: An electrostatic actuator includes a supporting body having a plurality of electrodes are formed at predetermined intervals, and a movable body having a ferroelectrics layer having an area on which polarization charges based on residual dielectric polarization are distributed in a predetermined polarity pattern so as to correspond to the plurality of electrodes of the supporting body. Due to changing, based on switching a pattern of polarities of voltages supplied to the plurality of electrodes, electrostatic attraction and repulsion between the plurality of electrodes of the supporting body and the area of the ferroelectrics layer on which the polarization charges are distributed, the movable body are moved on the supporting body.

Abstract: In the thermal process air flow meter according to the invention first, second and third electrode terminals are arranged on the same surface at one end of a substrate. A first exothermic resistor is connected between the first and second terminals, and a second exothermic resistor is connected between the second and third terminals, with the first exothermic resistor on a front surface of a substrate and the second exothermic resistor on the opposite (back) surface. The substrate may also carry the semiconductor elements of an electronic circuit used to analyze electric signals from the terminals. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the substrate is mounted at an incline relative to the direction of unobstructed air flow in the air passage.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device having a thin SOI film, the thickness of a semiconductor layer formed on an insulating film is so adjusted as to be less than a maximum distance allowable to complete depletion of the layer. While the thickness of a channel region is adjusted to be less than that of impurity-diffusion regions. Further, the insulating layer is so formed to have a thicker portion under the channel region, and thinner portions under the source region and the drain region as the impurity-diffusion regions. The semiconductor layer has steps at the boundaries between the channel region and the impurity-diffusion regions, and the top face of the channel region is arranged so as to be lower than the top faces of the impurity-diffusion regions. A region having a width less than the maximum depletion distance and an impurity concentration larger, than that of the channel region and less than that of the drain region is formed between the channel region and the drain region.

Abstract: An air flow measuring system has a unit for measuring an air flow rate and outputting an air flow rate indicative signal, a unit for measuring an air temperature for outputting an air temperature indicative signal, and a mixing unit for converting the air flow rate indicative signal and the air temperature indicative signal by superimposing them so that the converted signal may be transmitted through a single signal transmission path.

Abstract: An air flow meter has a body forming a main passage defining an intake air passage of an internal combustion engine. An auxiliary passage within the main passage has a longitudinal passage in the axial direction and at least one transverse passage in the radial direction of the main passage. The auxiliary passage is defined by a member having a radially directed portion connected to an internal wall of the main passage. A hollow space is provided in the radially directed portion to render the wall thickness of the radially directed portion substantially uniform. Additionally, the hollow space is separated from the longitudinal passage by an auxiliary member which, in a preferred embodiment, surrounds a heat sensitive resistor.

Abstract: A control circuit for a camera having an auxiliary light source for preventing a red-eye phenomenon separately from an electronic flash light source. When the red-eye preventing mode for emitting light from the auxiliary light source is selected, the battery is checked after the ordinary judging level is switched over to a higher judging level. At ordinary time, the voltage of the battery is checked while applying a dummy current to a predetermined driving portion of said camera, and when the red-eye preventing mode is selected, the voltage of the battery voltage is checked while applying the dummy current to another driving portion in addition to the predetermined driving portion. Thus, auxiliary electronic flashing is secured and the battery is used effectively. By utilizing the auxiliary light source for controlling both preliminary electronic flashing for preventing the red-eye phenomenon and auxiliary electronic flashing for passive autofocusing, the auxiliary light source is effectively used.

Abstract: An ultrasonic wave nebulizer for converting water or liquid to mist has a disc-shaped piezoelectric vibrator (TD) which has a pair of surfaces one of which is defined as an operation surface. A thin plate (21) having a plurality of small holes or mesh is located close to the operation surface so that a gap or a thin water or liquid film is defined between the mesh and the operation surface. The gap spacing is smaller than the diameter of a water drop which is composed by surface tension of water where no mesh is located. Upon excitation of the vibrator with high frequency power, the water film is converted to mist. The exciting frequency is almost the same as the resonant frequency of the vibrator. The high frequency power is intermittent having duty ratio (D.sub.ON /D) in the range from 10% to 70% so that instantaneous exciting power is high to facilitate water to mist conversion while average power is low to keep temperature at the operation surface low.

Abstract: An ultrasonic wave nebulizer for converting water or liquid to mist has a disc-shaped piezoelectric vibrator (1) which has a pair of surfaces one of which is defined as an operation surface. A mesh (3) is located close to said operation surface so that a gap (G) or a thin water or liquid film is defined between the mesh and the operation surface. The gap spacing is smaller than the diameter of water drop which is composed by surface tension of water when no mesh were located. Upon excitation of the vibrator with high frequency, the water film is converted to mist. Fresh water is supplied in said gap spacing through capillarity. The exciting frequency is almost the same as the resonant frequency of the vibrator. The present nebulizer is useful for a small atomizer which operates with small power consumption.