Abstract: The adhesion between metal foil serving as a current collector and a negative electrode active material is increased to enable long-term reliability. An electrode active material layer (including a negative electrode active material or a positive electrode active material) is formed over a base, a metal film is formed over the electrode active material layer by sputtering, and then the base and the electrode active material layer are separated at the interface therebetween; thus, an electrode is formed. The electrode active material particles in contact with the metal film are bonded by being covered with the metal film formed by the sputtering. The electrode active material is used for at least one of a pair of electrodes (a negative electrode or a positive electrode) in a lithium-ion secondary battery.

Abstract: A secondary battery with an exterior body having a novel scaling structure, and a structure of a sealing portion that relaxes a stress of deformation are provided. The secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte solution, and an exterior body enclosing at least part of the positive electrode, at least part of the negative electrode, and the electrolyte solution. The exterior body includes a first region having a shape with a curve, a shape with a wavy line, a shape with an arc, or a shape with a plurality of inflection points, and a second region having the same shape as the first region. The first region is in contact with the second region. Alternatively, the first region has a shape without a straight line. The secondary battery may be flexible, and the exterior body in a region having flexibility may include the first region.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power storage unit which can safely operate over a wide temperature range. The power storage unit includes: a power storage device; a heater for heating the power storage device; a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the power storage device; and a control circuit configured to inhibit charge of the power storage device when its temperature is lower than a first temperature or higher than a second temperature. The first temperature is exemplified by a temperature which allows the formation of a dendrite over a negative electrode of the power storage device, whereas the second temperature is exemplified by a temperature which causes decomposition of a passivating film formed over a surface of a negative electrode active material.

Abstract: A secondary battery, suitable for a portable information terminal or a wearable device is provided. An electronic device having a novel structure which can have various forms and a secondary battery that fits the forms of the electronic device are provided. In the secondary battery, sealing is performed using a film provided with depressions or projections that ease stress on the film due to application of external force. A pattern of depressions or projections is formed on the film by pressing, e.g., embossing.

Abstract: A secondary battery with an exterior body having a novel sealing structure, and a structure of a sealing portion that relaxes a stress of deformation are provided. The secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte solution, and an exterior body enclosing at least part of the positive electrode, at least part of the negative electrode, and the electrolyte solution. The exterior body includes a first region having a shape with a curve, a shape with a wavy line, a shape with an arc, or a shape with a plurality of inflection points, and a second region having the same shape as the first region. The first region is in contact with the second region. Alternatively, the first region has a shape without a straight line. The secondary battery may be flexible, and the exterior body in a region having flexibility may include the first region.

Abstract: A secondary battery suitable for a portable information terminal or a wearable device is provided. An electronic device having a novel structure which can have various forms and a secondary battery that fits the forms of the electronic device are provided. In the secondary battery, scaling is performed using a film provided with depressions or projections that ease stress on the film due to application of external force. A pattern of depressions or projections is formed on the film by pressing, e.g., embossing.

Abstract: In the case where a film, which has lower strength than a metal can, is used as an exterior body of a secondary battery, a current collector provided in a region surrounded by the exterior body, an active material layer provided on a surface of the current collector, or the like might be damaged when force is externally applied to the secondary battery. A secondary battery that is durable even when force is externally applied thereto is provided. A cushioning material is provided in a region surrounded by an exterior body of a secondary battery, Specifically, a cushioning material is provided on the periphery of a current collector such that a sealing portion of an exterior body (film) is located outside the cushioning material.

Abstract: A battery capable of changing its form safely is provided. A bendable battery having a larger thickness is provided. A battery with increased capacity is provided. For an exterior body of the battery, a film in the shape of a periodic wave in one direction is used. A space is provided in an area surrounded by the exterior body and between an end portion of the electrode stack that is not fixed and an interior wall of the exterior body. Furthermore, the phases of waves of a pair of portions of the exterior body between which the electrode stack is located are different from each other. In particular, the phases are different from each other by 180 degrees so that wave crest lines overlap with each other and wave trough lines overlap with each other.

Abstract: In the case where a film, which has lower strength than a metal can, is used as an exterior body of a secondary battery, a current collector provided in a region surrounded by the exterior body, an active material layer provided on a surface of the current collector, or the like might be damaged when force is externally applied to the secondary battery. A secondary battery that is durable even when force is externally applied thereto is provided. A cushioning material is provided in a region surrounded by an exterior body of a secondary battery. Specifically, a cushioning material is provided on the periphery of a current collector such that a sealing portion of an exterior body (film) is located outside the cushioning material.

Abstract: A battery capable of changing its form safely is provided. A bendable battery having a larger thickness is provided. A battery with increased capacity is provided. For an exterior body of the battery, a film in the shape of a periodic wave in one direction is used. A space is provided in an area surrounded by the exterior body and between an end portion of the electrode stack that is not fixed and an interior wall of the exterior body. Furthermore, the phases of waves of a pair of portions of the exterior body between which the electrode stack is located are different from each other. In particular, the phases are different from each other by 180 degrees so that wave crest lines overlap with each other and wave trough lines overlap with each other.

Abstract: In the embodiments of the disclosure, a target signal which is a signal of a part used for subsequent processing is acquired from signals output from a device with higher accuracy. A control apparatus includes a first acquisition part which acquires a first signal of a time series output from a first device, a recording part which records a part of the first signal acquired by the first acquisition part, and a determination part which determines a timing at which the recording part records the first signal based on a preset predetermined condition.

Abstract: In the case where a film having lower strength than a metal can is used as an exterior body of a secondary battery, a current collector provided in a region surrounded by the exterior body, an active material layer provided on a surface of the current collector, or the like might be damaged when force is externally applied to the secondary battery. A secondary battery resistant to external force is provided. A cushioning material is provided in a region sandwiched by an exterior body of the secondary battery. Specifically, the cushioning material is provided on the periphery of an electrode group including a positive electrode current collector, a positive electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector, a separator, a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode active material layer formed on at least one surface of the negative electrode current collector.

Abstract: The adhesion between metal foil serving as a current collector and a negative electrode active material is increased to enable long-term reliability. An electrode active material layer (including a negative electrode active material or a positive electrode active material) is formed over a base, a metal film is formed over the electrode active material layer by sputtering, and then the base and the electrode active material layer are separated at the interface therebetween; thus, an electrode is formed. The electrode active material particles in contact with the metal film are bonded by being covered with the metal film formed by the sputtering. The electrode active material is used for at least one of a pair of electrodes (a negative electrode or a positive electrode) in a lithium-ion secondary battery.

Abstract: In the case where a film, which has lower strength than a metal can, is used as an exterior body of a secondary battery, a current collector provided in a region surrounded by the exterior body, an active material layer provided on a surface of the current collector, or the like might be damaged when force is externally applied to the secondary battery. A secondary battery that is durable even when force is externally applied thereto is provided. A cushioning material is provided in a region surrounded by an exterior body of a secondary battery. Specifically, a cushioning material is provided on the periphery of a current collector such that a sealing portion of an exterior body (film) is located outside the cushioning material.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material layer containing lithium iron phosphate, a negative electrode including a negative electrode active material layer containing graphite, and an electrolyte including a lithium salt and a solvent including ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. When the battery temperature of the lithium ion secondary battery or the temperature of an environment in which the lithium ion secondary battery is used is T and given temperatures are T1 and T2 (T1<T2), in the case where T<T1, constant current charge is performed until voltage reaches a given value and then constant voltage charge is performed; in the case where T1?T<T2, only constant current charge is performed; and in the case where T2?T, charge is not performed.

Abstract: Deterioration of a power storage device is reduced. Switches that control the connections of a plurality of power storage devices separately are provided. The switches are controlled with a plurality of control signals, so as to switch between charge and discharge of each of the power storage devices or between serial connection and parallel connection of the plurality of power storage devices. Further, a semiconductor circuit having a function of carrying out arithmetic is provided for the power storage devices, so that a control system of the power storage devices or a power storage system is constructed.

Abstract: In the embodiments of the disclosure, a target signal which is a signal of a part used for subsequent processing is acquired from signals output from a device with higher accuracy. A control apparatus includes a first acquisition part which acquires a first signal of a time series output from a first device, a recording part which records a part of the first signal acquired by the first acquisition part, and a determination part which determines a timing at which the recording part records the first signal based on a preset predetermined condition.

Abstract: A device management apparatus includes a storage device configured to store a number of fed sheets in an early failure period, the number of fed sheets in the early failure period being a certain number of fed sheets and being a preset number of fed sheets, which is treated as an early failure where the maintainable component has a failure, and calculates a failure density depending on a number of fed sheets based on a number of fed sheets at a time when a failure occurred in the component, which is received from the multiple image forming apparatuses, and outputs information about replacement of the maintainable component based on the failure density to the number of fed sheets in the early failure period from a number of fed sheets at a time when the parameter exceeds the threshold after an operation, which is received from one image forming apparatus.

Abstract: Load on a system is reduced. In an embodiment, a status information managing unit acquires data indicating the status of each functional unit to be transmitted to an apparatus management server, and a system control unit instructs data acquisition timing for acquiring the data to the status information managing unit. Moreover, the status information managing unit acquires data that changes over time according to the usage status, and acquires and caches, in advance, data that does not change over time according to the usage status. Furthermore, after receiving a transmission request from the apparatus management server, the system control unit transmits status information including cached data and acquired data. Thus, at the time of data transmission, only data that changes over time need be acquired, so the number of data to be acquired may be reduced.

Abstract: Disclosed is a power storage unit which can safely operate over a wide temperature range. The power storage unit includes: a power storage device; a heater for heating the power storage device; a temperature sensor for sensing the temperature of the power storage device; and a control circuit configured to inhibit charge of the power storage device when its temperature is lower than a first temperature or higher than a second temperature. The first temperature is exemplified by a temperature which allows the formation of a dendrite over a negative electrode of the power storage device, whereas the second temperature is exemplified by a temperature which causes decomposition of a passivating film formed over a surface of a negative electrode active material.