Abstract: A multi-functional cement dispersant contains a graft copolymer obtained by a graft reaction of one or more selected from polyoxyalkylene monoalkylester, polyoxyalkylene monoalkylether and polypropyleneglycol of specified kinds to a copolymer obtained by radical polymerization of a mixture of radical polymerizable monomers containing maleic anhydride and monomers of a specified kind at a specified ratio. Hydraulic cement compositions produced with such a multi-functional cement dispersant have a superior fluidity with reduced loss over time and hardened objects produced from such a composition exhibit a superior early strength and have a low dry shrinkage and a high resistance against freezing and thawing.

Abstract: A material for improving the surface appearance of cementitious mouldings comprises a polyalkylene oxide compound which is selected from polypropylene oxide adducts of either polyethylene glycol or polyethylene oxide-ethylene diamine adduct, polypropylene oxide chains being attached to all terminal groups. The material may be added to a cementitious composition as an admixture or applied to the surface of a moulding which has not yet hardened.

Abstract: An admixture for decreasing the water demand of cementitious compositions such as concrete consists of(a) from 75-25% by weight of a water-reducing agent whose major component is a polycarboxylate; and(b) from 25-75% by weight of at least one saccharide component selected from hydrogenated saccharides and polyhydric alcohol adducts of saccharides.The saccaride component is preferably a hydrogenated polysaccharide with a molecular weight distribution as follows:(i) 70-30% by weight (on total weight of hydrogenated saccharides) have molecular weights in the range 180-300;(ii) 30-70% by weight have molecular weights of from 300 up to 4,000; and(iii) 30% by weight maximum have molecular weights of 4,000 and over.

Abstract: An additive for cementitious compositions comprises at least one sulfated polysaccharide obtained by the sulfation of a polysaccharide, preferably under moderate conditions. The additive enhances the fluidity and workability of cementitious mixes, and gives higher final compressive strength.

Abstract: An aqueous solution, for use as a cement dispersing agent, of a polymer salt, which is formed by reacting a polycarboxylic acid with a nitrogenous acrylic polymer.