Abstract: A developing apparatus is disclosed which is disposed opposite to an electrostatic latent image holding member and adapted for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image holding member to a visible image with a single component toner, the apparatus comprising a first toner carrier having a peripheral surface and being adapted for holding the single component toner on the peripheral surface, a first regulating member which is in contact with the first toner carrier, a second toner carrier having a peripheral surface and being adapted for holding the single component toner and for relatively approaching to or coming in contact with the first toner carrier so as to transfer the single component toner to the first toner carrier, and a second regulating member which is in contact with the second toner carrier, wherein the first toner carrier or the second toner carrier is adapted to relatively and selectively approach to or come in contact with the electrostatic latent image

Abstract: A photoconductor is disclosed, which comprises a conductive cylindrical support which is substantially not hollowed, the conductive cylindrical support having a drive transferring mechanism coaxially and unifiedly provided on at least one of the end portions thereof, the conductive cylindrical support having a photoconductive layer on the outer periphery. The moment of inertia I (g . cm.sup.2) of the substantially not-hollowed conductive support is in the range of 0.4.ltoreq.I.ltoreq.140 (g . cm.sub.2), the diameter thereof being in the range from 0.5 to 2.0 cm. When the relation of C/(S . .omega.).ltoreq.0.4 (where S (cm.sup.2) is the square measure of the portion of the photoconductive layer on the photoconductor; C (cal/.degree.C.) is the heat capacity of the substantially not-hollowed cylindrical support; and .omega. (rad/s) is the rotating speed in development) is satisfied, high quality images can be readily and stably obtained without damages of the drive system.

Abstract: A developing apparatus is disclosed which is disposed opposite to an electrostatic latent image holding member and adapted for developing an electrostatic latent image formed on the electrostatic latent image holding member to a visible image with a single component toner, the apparatus comprising a first toner carrier having a peripheral surface and being adapted for holding the single component toner on the peripheral surface, a first regulating member which is in contact with the first toner carrier, a second toner carrier having a peripheral surface and being adapted for holding the single component toner and for relatively approaching to or coming in contact with the first toner carrier so as to transfer the single component toner to the first toner carrier, and a second regulating member which is in contact with the second toner carrier, wherein the first toner carrier or the second toner carrier is adapted to relatively and selectively approach to or come in contact with the electrostatic latent image

Abstract: This invention relates to a cleanerless developing method using a mono-component toner, which method effects simultaneous developing and cleaning operations in the step of development. It more particularly relates to a method which is capable of forming images of outstanding quality without entailing generation of positive memory or negative memory. In the cleanerless developing method using a mono-component toner, the absolute value of the magnitude, .vertline.q.sub.t .vertline., of charging the developing toner to be used is selected to fall in the range between 0.5 [mC/kg] and 40 [mC/kg], the absolute value of the magnitude, .vertline.q.sub.r .vertline., of charging the residual toner to be introduced into the step for simultaneous developing and cleaning as deposited on the surface of the latent image retaining member is set to fall in the range between 0.5 [mC/kg] and 60 [mC/kg], or the absolute value of the magnitude, .vertline.q.sub.z .vertline.

Abstract: On the surface of a developing roller disposed closely to a photosensitive drum, a toner supplied from a toner container to the surface is spread into a thin layer by a toner distribution and charging blade. The triboelectric charge, q.sub.1, of the toner and the triboelectric charge, q.sub.2, of the surface of the toner distribution and charging blade are equalized in polarity and made to satisfy a relation, .vertline.q.sub.2 .vertline.<.vertline.q.sub.1 .vertline.. The triboelectric charge, q.sub.3, of the surface of the developing roller is made to satisfy a relation, -4.0.ltoreq.q.sub.1 /q.sub.3 .ltoreq.-1.2. The triboelectric charge of the toner, q.sub.1, and the triboelectric charge, q.sub.4, of the surface of a recovery blade for recovering the residue of toner adhering to the developing roller are equalized in polarity and, at the same time, made to satisfy a relation, .vertline.q.sub.4 .vertline.<.vertline.q.sub.1 .vertline..

Abstract: In a developing method in which a thin layer of toner is formed on the surface of a toner carrier to which a developing bias voltage is applied and the thin layer of toner is supplied to an electrostatic latent image to thereby render the electrostatic latent image visible, the improvement wherein:when let it be supposed that:a quantity of electrification of toner that adheres to a latent image holding body by development is q [C/kg];a quantity of charges accumulated by the toner due to its triboelectrification with the latent image holding body is q.sub.p [C/kg];an electric resistance of the toner carrier is R [.OMEGA..multidot.m.sup.2 ];an effective length of the toner carrier is l [m];an effective surface area of the toner carrier is S.sub.r [m.sup.2 ];a quantity of the toner that adheres to the latent image holding body by development is m.sub.p [kg/m.sup.2 ];a speed of movement of the surface of the latent image holding body is V.sub.

Abstract: In a first embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of electrode portions are contactably and approachably disposed on an electrostatic latent image holding member in order to equalize a toner image of an electrostatic latent image holding member. In a second embodiment, an elastic foaming apparatus is contactably or approachably disposed to the electrostatic latent image holding member in order to equalize the residual toner distribution on the electrostatic latent image holding member. In a third embodiment, an equalization member consisting of an electric conductor or a resistor is contactably and approachably disposed on the electrostatic latent image holding member in order to equalize the distribution of toner of the transfer residual toner image. An AC electric field may be generated between the equalization member and the electrostatic latent image holding member.

Abstract: An image forming method which includes the steps of providing a developing agent holder for holding one component developing agent layer arranged to contact a latent image holder, developing a latent image on the latent image holder and to simultaneously clean up the developing agent adhering to the surface a non-latent image area on the latent image holder, wherein the cleaning up is carried out under the condition expressed by the following formula:0.5.ltoreq.(Vd/Vp).multidot.m.ltoreq.3.0wherein ghe moving speed of the developing agent holder is defined as Vd, the moving speed of the surface of the latent image holder is defined as Vp and the developing agent adhering density is defined as m (mg/cm.sup.2), and the amount of the remaining toner after transferring that remains on the latent image phase of the latent image holder is set less than 0.35 mg/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: A transfer device for transferring a toner image on an image carrier onto a transfer material, including a transfer drum, a supporting device for the transfer material in place on the surface of the transfer drum and an electrode for applying a bias voltage to an electroconductive layer of the transfer drum. The transfer drum includes a rotatably supported drum member, a flexible elastomer layer on the peripheral surface of the drum member, and an electroconductive layer on the elastomer layer. The elastomer layer of the transfer drum is made of a foaming elastomer such as a polyurethane foam so that the transfer material is in contact with the toner image on the image carrier under a small amount of pressure and with an ample contact width.

Abstract: A developing device effects desirable development when the amount of charging of toner, q (C/g), the amount of toner deposited on the surface of a developing roller per unit area, m (g/cm.sup.2), the speed of movement of the surface of the developing roller, v (cm/sec), the available length of the developing roller, l (cm), and the magnitude of electric resistance between the surface of the developing roller and a power source for developing bias, R (.OMEGA.), are adjusted so as to satisfy the formula, .vertline.q.vertline.m.ltoreq.100/vlR. The developing device produces a developed image desirable in quality and free from background fogging when the magnitude of a developing electric current, I (A), is adjusted so as to satisfy the formula, R.ltoreq.200/I.

Abstract: A developing method for converting an electrostatic latent image on the surface of an electrostatic latent image holder into a visible image by arranging the electrostatic latent image holder for holding the electrostatic latent image thereon and a toner conveyor for conveying non-magnetic one-component type toner thereon an extremely small space apart from each other; applying the non-magnetic one-component type toner onto the toner conveyor; and transferring the toner to the electrostatic image holder, satisfies the following requirements: the aforesaid developing agent is composed of non-magnetic type toner; the frictional charge quantity relative to the surface of the non-magnetic type toner is +30 100 .mu.C; and fluidity is 5 g or less in terms of the toner amounting to 20 g but remaining on a 100-mesh sieve after it has been vibrated at a rate of 3,000 V.P.M. and an amplitude of 1 mm for 30 seconds.