Abstract: Provided is a liquid development apparatus which can restrain carrier liquid in a liquid developer from being evaporated and diffused into the atmosphere, which has a simple and convenient arrangement, and in which a recording medium formed thereon with an electrostatic latent image in accordance with image data is transferred and the electrostatic latent image on the recording medium is developed by a developer in a liquid developer in which toner particles are dispersed. The liquid development apparatus includes a developer supply for feeding the developer containing non-volatile components having a density of 10 to 30 wt. %, a developer holding member having a surface roughness in a range from 8 to 25 .mu.

Abstract: Electric double-layer capacitor are disclosed having a non-aqueous solvent electrolyte; and a pair of polarized electrodes as positive and negative electrodes. These polarized electrodes have a rest potential nearly central between a substantial decomposition initiation voltage of the electrolyte on an oxidation or high-potential side and a substantial decomposition initiation voltage of the electrolyte on a reduction or low-potential side.

Abstract: An ion flow recording apparatus performs recording making density modulation every pixel. When developing on a fine grain toner is to be performed using a liquid developer for an electrostatic latent image, a developing unit (developing roller) is disposed to face a direction of gravity. Namely, a control valve is provided on a pipe for application of a developer to the developing roller or on a joint portion between the pipe and a developer tank, developing units of different two colors are joined to their developer tank portions, and a rotary shaft is provided on the joint portion to be positioned at a point of symmetry to provide alternate use of the two developing units upon turning them. Therefore, developing for a plurality of colors can be simply performed, and such turning of the developing units enables prevention of the toner from deposition in the liquid developer during developing, thereby making it possible to perform a clear recording.

Abstract: Active carbon of which the pore size distribution as measured by a Cranston-Inkley method has a peak within each of ranges of from 10 to 20 .ANG. and from 20 to 100 .ANG..

Abstract: Provided is a method and metering system for the determination of active ions emitted from certain active substances such as rayon fibers containing fine particles of tourmaline known to exhibit permanent spontaneous polarization. The method comprises: continuously bringing air free from carbon dioxide as a carrier gas into contact with a bed of the active ion-emitting source material to carry off the active ions emitted therefrom; introducing the air after contact with the source material into distilled water; and measuring increase in the electric conductivity of the distilled water caused by the absorption of the active ions from the flow of the air as a carrier gas. The metering system comprises: a feed source of the non-ionic inert gas; a sample holder to contain the source material emitting active ions; a vessel containing distilled water to receive the air carrying the active ions; a means to determine the electric conductivity of the water; and pipelines connecting these parts for the flow of air.

Abstract: A rotor includes a hollow rotating shaft that is supported in a non-contact state by a radial self acting air bearing. The rotor also includes a contacting portion for positioning a rotating member in a rotating shaft direction that contacts with the rotating member from the rotating shaft direction. An engaging portion is included for positioning the rotating member in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft direction that engages with an inner surface of the rotating member. A holding portion is formed either in plural portions in a peripheral direction or as a single integrated portion that extends in the peripheral direction near the rotating member that is positioned by the contacting portion and the engaging portion, and that presses the rotating member from an opposite side of the contacting portion by deformation of one portion or a whole portion of the holding portion, and positions and holds the rotating member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an activated carbon comprising an activated carbon particle and titanium dioxide fine particles present at least on the surface thereof, which activated carbon contains substantially no carbon precursor on the surface thereof and has the lightness L value thereof of not more than 50.

Abstract: A high tensile strength copper foil having a matte side roughness Rz of 2.5 .mu.m or less and a tensile strength of 40,000 Kgf/mm.sup.2 after heating one hour at 180.degree. C. is produced by a process in which copper is electrodeposited from a solution containing predetermined small amounts of a polyether glycol and tin and iron ions. The chloride ion content is maintained below 0.1 wt. ppm. The copper foil is characterized by having copper crystals with atomic cells having a predominantly (111) orientation.

Abstract: An oscillator in which organic substances derived from an active element fixing adhesive do not deposit on an oscillating element and in which when the active element or the oscillating element is damaged, other good parts that are not defective can be reused. In the oscillator, an active element 2 is mounted inside a first container 1 whose upper surface is opened, and not only the opening of the first container 1 is closed by an oscillating unit 3 having an oscillating element 6 incorporated therein, but also the oscillating unit 3 is attached onto the opening of the first container 1, so that second connecting electrodes 11a to 11d of a second container 5 of the oscillating unit 3 are electrically connected to first connecting electrodes 14a to 14d of the first container 1.

Abstract: A self-acting air bearing includes a housing, a shaft member supported in the housing, a cylindrical member which is installed around the shaft member coaxially and rotatably, and which rotates and generates a dynamic air pressure and thereby the cylindrical member is floatingly supported from the shaft member. In the bearing, concavities and convexes are formed at a same interval in a peripheral direction in either an outer peripheral surface of the shaft member or an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical member, and a wave of one cycle between a beginning position of the concavity and an ending position of the convex is a harmonic wave. A bearing with high stability at high speed and high accuracy and which has high stability at high speed and low unbalance vibration can be achieved.

Abstract: Proposed is an electret fiber which is a rayon fiber containing 0.05 to 2.0% by weight of tourmaline particles having a particle diameter not exceeding 0.3 .mu.m. The electret fiber is effective for invigoration of human body by promoting blood circulation. The electret fiber is prepared by spinning a spinning solution of rayon containing the tourmaline particles uniformly dispersed therein into the form of a fiber.

Abstract: Proposed is a fabric mattress having a layered structure as a kind of health-promoting bedding goods, which comprises an upper fabric layer, a lower fabric layer and an intermediate fabric layer sandwiched between the upper and lower fabric layers, at least a part of these fabric layers being formed from fibers such as rayon fibers containing very fine particles of tourmaline in an amount of up to 7% by weight. This unique ingredient in the fibers has an effect to emit active electrons and far-infrared light which exhibit an invigorating effect on the human body cells of the person lying on the mattress to promote blood circulation so that even a patient lastingly lying on the bed never suffers from bedsores by using the mattress which can be constructed to have good air permeation.

Abstract: A dynamic pressure pneumatic bearing device has a groove for generating a dynamic pressure and formed on an inner circumferential face of a rotating shaft or an outer circumferential face of a fixed shaft; each of these shafts being formed by an aluminum alloy; and a wear resisting film formed on each of the inner circumferential face and the outer circumferential face. Another dynamic pressure pneumatic bearing device is constructed by a rotating shaft having a cylindrical hollow and a fixed shaft inserted into this hollow. The fixed shaft has a bearing face opposed to an inner circumferential face of the rotating shaft and separated from this inner circumferential face with a predetermined clearance. Herringbone grooves for generating a dynamic pressure and recessed portions having the same depth as the herringbone grooves are formed on the bearing face.

Abstract: The current invention is directed to a high-speed optical deflector which includes a brushless motor operating in a high-temperature environment. The brushless motor components include rotatable parts made of various materials whose thermal expansion coefficients significantly vary. These rotational components include a steel rotor flange, a magnet rotor, and an aluminum shaft. To substantially eliminate rotational imbalance or vibration caused by the thermal expansion, the above described components are fixed with a certain adhesive which prevents these components from causing the rotational imbalance. A certain heat-resistant adhesive provides a sufficient structural strength to substantially minimize a rotational imbalance caused by the thermally expanding components in an operating temperature range.

Abstract: A closed type polygon scanner has a housing, a rotor which is rotatively supported to a rotating shaft fixed to the housing and which includes a polygon mirror, a motor which generates a magnetic force to the rotor and rotates the rotor, and a cover. The cover includes an outer peripheral portion fixed to an outer peripheral portion of the housing, and covers the rotor together with the housing. An opening is formed at a predetermined portion in the cover facing a mirror surface of the polygon mirror through which a laser beam passes, and a window member is fixed to the opening in closed state. An inner peripheral surface of the cover facing the mirror surface of the polygon mirror is formed cylindrically and almost coaxially to a rotating axis of the rotating shaft, and a width in the rotating axis direction of the opening is set to a predetermined width relative to a width of the polygon mirror so that turbulent air generated around the polygon mirror is reduced.

Abstract: A device for driving a DC motor includes a velocity control circuit generating a velocity control signal, a modulation circuit deriving a velocity control pulse signal having a pulse width modulated by the velocity control signal, a switching circuit, and a current-flow switching circuit. The switching circuit includes field effect transistors performing a switching operation, and a capacitor coupled between a power supply terminal and a reference potential. The capacitor absorbs a counter current caused in driving coils of the DC motor due to the switching operation.

Abstract: A polygon scanner has a lighter rotating shaft on which a polygon mirror is mounted, to prevent a positional deviation of the polygon mirror from the rotating shaft in high speed rotation, in which the rotating shaft is supported through a dynamic pressure air bearing on a fixed shaft, in which the polygon mirror and motor constituent members are mounted on the rotating shaft, and in which the rotating shaft and the polygon mirror are made of respective light weight materials matched with each other in coefficient of thermal expansion, for example of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Further, an anodic oxide film is formed at least on a portion where the rotating shaft could contact with the fixed shaft, and floating means is provided for constantly floating the rotating shaft relative to the fixed shaft upward in an axial direction thereof.

Abstract: A developing magnet roller is provided on a developing frame, and a developing agent accommodating cartridge and a toner accommodating cartridge member are fitted detachably into the developing frame. The toner accommodating cartridge member is fitted detachably into the developing agent accommodating cartridge. A developing agent is recovered in the developing agent accommodating cartridge. The developing agent and the developing agent accommodating cartridge are exchanged together from a developing apparatus. The new developing agent accommodated in the exchanged new developing agent accommodating cartridge is circulated by the developing magnet roller. The exchange for the developing agent in the developing apparatus can be realized without the lowering of the developing performance.

Abstract: A polygon scanner has a lighter rotating shaft on which a polygon mirror is mounted, to prevent a positional deviation of the polygon mirror from the rotating shaft in high speed rotation, in which the rotating shaft is supported through a dynamic pressure air bearing on a fixed shaft, in which the polygon mirror and motor constituent members are mounted on the rotating shaft, and in which the rotating shaft and the polygon mirror are made of respective light weight materials matched with each other in coefficient of thermal expansion, for example of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Further, an anodic oxide film is formed at least on a portion where the rotating shaft could contact with the fixed shaft, and floating means is provided for constantly floating the rotating shaft relative to the fixed shaft upward in an axial direction thereof.

Abstract: In a brushless motor, the number of coreless armature coils is set to 3n when the number of magnetic poles of a magnet for a magnetic field is set to 2n where n is a positive integer. An opening angle of each of the armature coils is set to 360/3n degrees. A notch portion is formed in an outer circumferential portion of the magnet for a magnetic field. A recessed portion is formed by this notch portion and an inner circumferential portion of a yoke. The recessed portion constitutes a groove for correcting a balance of each of the magnet for a magnetic field and a rotating body when this magnet and the rotating body are rotated. A motor housing and a harness are electrically connected to a printed board. The housing is connected to the ground through this harness and a harness for power. In this brushless motor, a magnetizing frequency is reduced and driving efficiency of a control circuit can improved when the brushless motor is rotated at a high speed.