Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a reflector disposed at an outside surface side of one substrate of a liquid crystal cell or between the first substrate and an electrode disposed on an inside surface side of the first substrate. When an angle between a direction of a normal line with respect to a display surface of the liquid crystal display device and a main viewing direction is from about 0 degrees to about 20 degrees, a reflection ratio peak value of light incident upon the liquid crystal display device and reflected by the reflector is set so as to occur within a range of about 20 degrees from the normal line direction.

Abstract: Light-reflective concave portions are disposed on the surface of a substrate. The concave portions have a first and second vertical section perpendicular to each other. The first vertical section has an internal shape defined by a first curve and a second curve, the first curve extending from one point on the peripheral edge of the concave portion to the deepest point of the concave portion, and the second curve extending continuously from the first curve and from the deepest point of the concave portion to another point on the peripheral edge of the concave portion. The average of the absolute value of an inclination angle of the first curve is larger than that of the second curve relative to the substrate surface. The second vertical section has an internal shape defined by a shallow curve and deep curves formed at both sides of the shallow curve.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a pair of substrates which oppose each other with a liquid crystal layer therebetween; a light source provided on the exterior of one of the substrates; and at least an organic film, a metallic reflection film, an overcoat film, an electrode layer, and an alignment film formed on the inner face of one of the substrates. Many concaves are contiguously formed on a surface of the organic film, the inner surface of each concave constituting a part of a spherical surface. The metallic reflection film has a thickness of 80 to 500 ?. A transflector and a liquid crystal display including the transflector are also disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal cell including a first transparent substrate and a second substrate, and a reflector attached to the outer surface of the first transparent substrate with a bonding layer therebetween. A first retarder is disposed on the outer surface of the second transparent substrate, a second retarder is disposed on the first retarder, and a polarizer is disposed on the second retarder. The reflector includes a resin substrate having an irregular surface and a metal reflection layer also having an irregular surface that corresponds to the irregular surface of the reflector. The reflector is attached to the liquid cell so that the metal reflector layer faces the first transparent substrate.

Abstract: When the thickness of a filter layer 170 in a light-reflecting portion R (the thickness of a thin portion 170a) is ‘FR’, the thickness of the filter layer 170 in a light-transmitting portion T (the thickness of a thick portion 170b) is ‘FT’, the thickness of a liquid crystal layer 150 in the light-reflecting portion R is ‘LR’, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 150 in the light-transmitting portion T is ‘LT’, and the depth of a groove 155 is ‘D’, the depth D of the groove 155 formed in a resin layer 160 is formed to satisfy the formula D=(LT?LR)+(FT?FR). With defining (LT?LR) as ‘L’ and (FT?FR) as ‘F’, the formula becomes D=L+F. If the depth of the groove 155 satisfies the formula, it is possible to make an optical path length of external light N equal to an optical path length of illumination light B from a backlight 200 when they pass through the liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reflector having a light-diffusing property which suppresses inter-object reflection over a wide angle, and giving particularly high reflectance in an intended range of viewing angle; and to provide a reflection type liquid crystal display device using the same. The reflector includes a plurality of light-reflective concave portions. Each of the concave portions is formed so that an inclination angle (an angle between a plane tangential to a point on a concave surface and the surface of the base material) is maximum on a side portion of the curved surface, and so that the direction of the side portion having the maximum inclination angle is on a far side from a view point of an observer.

Abstract: Light-reflective concave portions are disposed on the surface of a substrate. The concave portions have a first and second vertical section perpendicular to each other. The first vertical section has an internal shape defined by a first curve and a second curve, the first curve extending from one point on the peripheral edge of the concave portion to the deepest point of the concave portion, and the second curve extending continuously from the first curve and from the deepest point of the concave portion to another point on the peripheral edge of the concave portion. The average of the absolute value of an inclination angle of the first curve is larger than that of the second curve relative to the substrate surface. The second vertical section has an internal shape defined by a shallow curve and deep curves formed at both sides of the shallow curve.

Abstract: An illumination device having high contrast and high brightness, capable of reducing the quantity of leaking light, and capable of being made thin is provided. The illumination device includes a light source and a light guiding plate 12 that introduces light of the light source from a side end face to the inside of the light guiding plate 12 and emits the light that propagates the inside of the light guiding plate from an emitting face. Prismatic shapes for reflecting the propagated light inside the light guiding plate 12 and emitting the reflected light to the emitting face are formed on the emitting face of the light guiding plate 12.

Abstract: A reflector and a liquid crystal display device in which original reflection characteristics can be sufficiently accomplished and moiré patterns can be prevented are provided. A reflector 30 formed with a plurality of concave portions 28b1, 28b2 on one surface of a base member along one arrangement direction is employed. When defining the section passing through the deepest point of the concave portion as a first section and defining the section perpendicular to the first section at the deepest point as a second section, the concave portions 28b1, 28b2 have symmetrical shapes on the basis of the first section and have asymmetrical shapes on the basis of the second section. When defining the directions along the first section in the concave portions 28b1, 28b2 as axis directions L1, L2, each of the axis directions L1, L2 are not parallel with the arrangement direction, and the axis directions L1, L2 are set to two or more directions.

Abstract: The present invention is constructed such that a plurality of switching elements is provided to a substrate adjacent to a liquid crystal layer, the switching elements being coated with an insulator film, on which a plurality of light-reflective pixel electrodes electrically connected to the switching elements is provided, at least part of the pixel electrodes having a through-hole, in which the insulator film under the through-hole has a recess, a transparent electrode electrically connected to the switching element is provided on the bottom of the recess, and the liquid crystal existing between the substrates is introduced into the recess so that the thickness of the liquid crystal in the recess formed region and that in the pixel-electrode formed region are different.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal display apparatus having a flexible substrate that realizes the bright and high quality display. A liquid crystal display apparatus has a liquid crystal layer interposed between a pair of flexible substrates that face each other, and a plurality of concave faces having a spherical inner surface are formed continuously on the surface of the substrate that faces the liquid crystal layer side.

Abstract: A transflective film capable of effectively reflecting incident external light and a liquid crystal display device using the same are provided. An opening 32 formed on a transflective film 12 is formed to be close to the edge 36a of a rectangular pixel region. 36. An interval t2 between three sides 32a of the four sides of the rectangular opening 32 and the edge 36a of the pixel region 36 is smaller than the width of one concave portion 31 formed on the transflective film 12. thereby permitting the concave portions that contribute the least to reflection to be minimized, and the reflectance of the transflective film to be maximized. In the transflective film 12, Tthe desired reflection characteristic can be obtained using a predetermined number of concave portions., for example, four rows of four concave portions as a unit.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has a pair of transparent substrates facing each other with a liquid crystal layer therebetween. First and second phase difference plates and a first polarizing plate are formed sequentially on one of the transparent substrates, while a reflector, a third phase difference plate, and a second polarizing plate are formed sequentially on the other of the transparent substrates. The reflector is a metal reflection film on a base material with concave portions formed thereon. The metal reflection film includes a plurality of concave surfaces corresponding to the concave portions that face the transparent substrate. The thickness of the metal reflection film is within the range of 5 to 50 nm.

Abstract: An illuminating device is disclosed., which is high brightness and able to reduce leaking light and preferably made thin. A front light has a light guide plate, a bar light guide body and a light emitting element. A prism shape for reflecting propagating light within the light guide plate and emitting this propagating light to the side of an emitting face of the light guide plate is formed on the emitting face of the light guide plate.

Abstract: A reflector and reflector-type LCD suppresses inter-object reflection over a wide angle, and provides particularly high reflectance in an intended range of viewing angle. The reflector includes a plurality of concave portions with an inclination angle (an angle between a plane tangential to a point on a concave surface and the surface of the base material) that is maximum on a side portion of the curved surface. The concave portions may also be formed such that an inner surface of each of the concave portions include a peripheral curved surface and a bottom curved surface are continuously connected to each other. The peripheral curved surface and the bottom curved surface are interposed partial spheres having different radii and non-collinear normal lines from the surface of each sphere.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a pair of substrates which oppose each other with a liquid crystal layer therebetween; a light source provided on the exterior of one of the substrates; and at least an organic film, a metallic reflection film, an overcoat film, an electrode layer, and an alignment film formed on the inner face of one of the substrates. Many concaves are contiguously formed on a surface of the organic film, the inner surface of each concave constituting a part of a spherical surface. The metallic reflection film has a thickness of 80 to 500 Å. A transflector and a liquid crystal display including the transflector are also disclosed.

Abstract: Light-reflective concave portions are disposed on the surface of a substrate. The concave portions have a first and second vertical section perpendicular to each other. The first vertical section has an internal shape defined by a first curve and a second curve, the first curve extending from one point on the peripheral edge of the concave portion to the deepest point of the concave portion, and the second curve extending continuously from the first curve and from the deepest point of the concave portion to another point on the peripheral edge of the concave portion. The average of the absolute value of an inclination angle of the first curve is larger than that of the second curve relative to the substrate surface. The second vertical section has an internal shape defined by a shallow curve and deep curves formed at both sides of the shallow curve.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reflector having a light-diffusing property which suppresses inter-object reflection over a wide angle, and giving particularly high reflectance in an intended range of viewing angle; and to provide a reflection type liquid crystal display device using the same. The reflector includes a plurality of light-reflective concave portions. Each of the concave portions is formed so that an inclination angle (an angle between a plane tangential to a point on a concave surface and the surface of the base material) is maximum on a side portion of the curved surface, and so that the direction of the side portion having the maximum inclination angle is on a far side from a view point of an observer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a reflector having a light-diffusing property which suppresses inter-object reflection over a wide angle, and giving particularly high reflectance in an intended range of viewing angle; and to provide a reflection type liquid crystal display device using the same. The reflector includes a plurality of light-reflective concave portions. Each of the concave portions is formed so that an inclination angle (an angle between a plane tangential to a point on a concave surface and the surface of the base material) is maximum on a side portion of the curved surface, and so that the direction of the side portion having the maximum inclination angle is on a far side from a view point of an observer.

Abstract: Light-reflective concave portions are disposed on the surface of a substrate. The concave portions have a first and second vertical section perpendicular to each other. The first vertical section has an internal shape defined by a first curve and a second curve, the first curve extending from one point on the peripheral edge of the concave portion to the deepest point of the concave portion, and the second curve extending continuously from the first curve and from the deepest point of the concave portion to another point on the peripheral edge of the concave portion. The average of the absolute value of an inclination angle of the first curve is larger than that of the second curve relative to the substrate surface. The second vertical section has an internal shape defined by a shallow curve and deep curves formed at both sides of the shallow curve.