Abstract: Single-phase voltage operation techniques are provided for a three-phase drive system. A drive system may include a rectifier configured to couple to a three-phase AC voltage source. The rectifier may be configured to convert AC voltage from the three-phase AC voltage source to a direct current (DC) voltage. The drive system may also include a controller configured to send a plurality of switching signals to a plurality of switches in the rectifier such that the plurality of switching signals minimizes a current provided to the rectifier when only a single-phase of the three-phase AC voltage source is available.

Abstract: A phase angle detector with a PLL, a power converter, and a method for reducing offsets in an input signal, in which an adaptive offset processor selectively removes a DC offset component from the input signal to generate a modified signal including a fundamental frequency component and higher order harmonics of the input signal with the DC offset component removed, and the PLL provides a phase angle signal at least partially according to the modified signal.

Abstract: A phase angle detector with a PLL, a power converter, and a method for reducing offsets in an input signal, in which an adaptive offset processor selectively removes a DC offset component from the input signal to generate a modified signal including a fundamental frequency component and higher order harmonics of the input signal with the DC offset component removed, and the PLL provides a phase angle signal at least partially according to the modified signal.

Abstract: A method for adapting a thermal model of a catalyst is provided. The method comprises adjusting an amount of exhaust gas reductant upstream of the catalyst based on a thermal model of the catalyst, the thermal model including heat input from exothermic catalyst reactions, an amount of the exothermic heat input adjusted responsive to an estimated temperature from the thermal model and a measured temperature downstream of the catalyst. In this way, a thermal model for catalyst activity and catalyst operating parameters may be adjusted to ensure optimal catalyst function.

Abstract: The present application relates to an exhaust-gas aftertreatment device and to a method for exhaust-gas aftertreatment. According to one aspect of the present application, the exhaust-gas aftertreatment device has, in the exhaust manifold of the internal combustion engine, a filter passage with, for the exhaust-gas stream, a through-path that is variably adjustable over time during the operation of the exhaust-gas aftertreatment device.

Abstract: An engine and related control system determine an amount of fuel diluting the engine oil in the oil pan. Such information can be used to recommend an oil change and to estimate a fraction of biodiesel in the fuel supplied to the engine. According to one embodiment, actual oil volume in the oil pan is based on a signal from a level sensor in the oil and a theoretical oil volume is determined based on initial oil volume and fuel entering the oil in the oil pan, fuel leaving the oil pan due to evaporation, and oil being consumed in the combustion chamber. Based on the difference between the actual and theoretical oil volumes, a proportion of heavy fuel components or biodiesel can be determined and transmitted to an engine control system.

Abstract: A system and method for determining a rate of ammonia deposition and controlling an engine is described. In one example, an amount of ammonia deposited in an engine exhaust is determined and the deposited ammonia is purged after the amount of ammonia deposited reaches a threshold level. The method may decrease ammonia use and ammonia emissions from a vehicle.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are presented for unintentional islanding detection for grid tie converters in which the phase angle disturbance is introduced by modification of grid side converter switching control signals and a mismatch of reactive power between generation and the grid load is formed upon the occurrence of unintentional islanding, where the applied phase disturbance is determined according to two pre-defined curves to form an equivalent positive feedback at different frequencies to prevent the converter from forming an island at a new stable frequency after the grid is disconnected.

Abstract: Methods and systems for synchronizing an electric grid having unbalanced voltages are provided. A voltage vector may be filtered in a quadrature tracking filter (QTF) to generate a quadrature signal. The inputs to the QTF may be either single input, multiple outputs, or alternatively, multiple inputs, multiple outputs. Furthermore, the second state of either of the two QTF transformations may be either positive or negative. A phase-locked-loop (PLL) operation may be performed on the quadrature signal to monitor a voltage vector between the grid and a connected power converter. The QTF and PLL methods are suitable for either single-phase applications or n-phase (any number of phases) applications.

Abstract: Integrated AC regenerative motor drives and operating methods are presented in which a precharging circuit is provided with an IGBT, a diode and a parallel current limiting component in an intermediate DC circuit between a switching rectifier and an output inverter, and the drive is operated in one of three modes for motoring, regenerating and precharging.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a reducing agent solution composition in an exhaust gas system of an internal combustion engine with metered injection of the reducing agent solution upstream of an SCR catalytic converter comprises metering injection of the reducing agent solution into the exhaust gas stream, determining a measured variable of a change in water content in the exhaust gas stream in response to the injected reducing agent solution, and determining at least one indicator value of a composition of the reducing agent solution at least based on the determined measured variable. In this way, deviations from the standard composition may be taken into account during metering or be displayed as an error.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling temperature of a urea reductant to form ammonia for NOx reduction in a selective catalytic reducer coupled to a turbocharged engine exhaust by portioning a flow across the reductant between compressed air and ambient air.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling temperature of a urea reductant to form ammonia for NOx reduction in a selective catalytic reducer coupled to a turbocharged engine exhaust by portioning a flow across the reductant of one or more of the following: a combination of compressed air and ambient air; and/or a combination of the exhaust upstream and downstream the turbine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising a turbocharger wherein a bypass line in an exhaust gas discharge system delivers an aqueous urea reductant to an at least one SCR catalyst and a method to maintain the reductant at a desired temperature to maximize its conversion to ammonia and optimize the reduction of NOx in the SCR.

Abstract: A method for determining a degree of aging of an oxidizing catalytic converter in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine is provided. The method comprises generating a temporary increase in carbon monoxide levels in an exhaust gas stream, monitoring subsequent oxidizing action and determining a degree of aging of the oxidizing catalytic converter as a function of the measured oxidizing action. The method further comprises measuring a temperature rise during oxidation and correlating the aging of the converter to the speed of temperature rise.

Abstract: Systems and methods for estimating an efficiency of a catalyst placed in an exhaust path of a combustion engine are disclosed. In one example approach, a method comprises: ageing the catalyst consecutively at different temperatures for definite time periods; measuring the catalyst conversion efficiency after each ageing step; calculating the ageing factor for each step of the ageing procedure and the accumulative value of the ageing factors for all steps of the ageing procedure; estimating catalyst efficiency correlation factors related to the measured catalyst conversion efficiency for each temperature point and for all ageing conditions; determining a correlation between the catalyst efficiency correlation factors and the accumulative value of the ageing factors; and calculating the conversion efficiency of the aged catalyst based on a predetermined correlation between the accumulative ageing factor and the catalyst efficiency correlation factor.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a regulated emissions concentration C, in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is provided. The method comprises directing the exhaust gas through an exhaust-gas turbocharger, directing at least a portion of the exhaust gas through an exhaust-gas recirculation system, measuring an air ratio ?meas in the exhaust gas with a lambda probe, measuring a rotational speed nT of the exhaust-gas turbocharger with a sensor, and determining the regulated emission concentration Ci based on the air ratio ?meas and the rotational speed nT. In this way, the emission concentration of the exhaust may be determined as a function of the rotational speed of the turbine.

Abstract: A method for adapting a lean NOx trap (LNT) in an exhaust system of a motor vehicle is provided. The method comprises if a difference between an estimated NOx concentration and a measured NOx concentration in exhaust downstream of the LNT is greater than a threshold, calculating an adaptation value, the estimated NOx concentration downstream of the LNT based on a kinetic model, and adapting the kinetic model, adjusting one or more operating parameters of the LNT, and indicating an aging state of the LNT based on the adaptation value. In this way, the model may be updated in real time to produce a robust prediction of LNT function.

Abstract: Systems and method for adjusting a cone angle of injected reductant directed into an engine exhaust upstream of a catalytic device based on the temperature distribution within the catalytic device are disclosed. In one particular example, a dosing unit comprising an adjustable piston is described whose adjustment further controls the distribution and amount of reaction fluid delivered therefrom. In this way, the fluid flow shape may be controlled to achieve a more optimal exhaust gas conversion based on the prevailing conditions within the exhaust gas system.

Abstract: A method for controlling an exhaust gas aftertreatment device of a vehicle hybrid drive is provided. The method comprises operating the hybrid drive only by a combustion engine, only by a non-combustion motor, or by both, as a function of a temperature of the exhaust aftertreatment device, and conducting exhaust gas of the hybrid drive at least partially through the exhaust aftertreatment device, the engine and motor each providing output to power the vehicle. In this way, the aftertreatment device may be operated at an optimal temperature for conversion performance.