Abstract: Compositions of nanoparticles functionalized with at least one net positively charged group and at least one net negatively charged group, methods for making a plurality of nanoparticles, and methods of their use as diagnostic agents are provided. The nanoparticles have characteristics that result in minimal retention of the particles in the body compared to other nanoparticles. The nanoparticle comprises a core and a shell. The shell comprises a plurality of silane moieties; at least one silane moiety of the plurality is functionalized with a net positively charged group and at least one silane moiety of the plurality is functionalized with a net negatively charged group.

Abstract: Compositions of nanoparticles functionalized with at least one net positively charged group and at least one net negatively charged group, methods for making a plurality of nanoparticles, and methods of their use as diagnostic agents are provided. The nanoparticles have characteristics that result in minimal retention of the particles in the body compared to other nanoparticles. The nanoparticle comprises a core and a shell. The shell comprises a plurality of silane moieties; at least one silane moiety of the plurality is functionalized with a net positively charged group and at least one silane moiety of the plurality is functionalized with a net negatively charged group.

Abstract: Compositions of nanoparticles functionalized with at least one net positively charged group and at least one net negatively charged group, methods for making a plurality of nanoparticles, and methods of their use as diagnostic agents are provided. The nanoparticles have characteristics that result in minimal retention of the particles in the body compared to other nanoparticles. The nanoparticle comprises a core and a shell. The shell comprises a plurality of silane moieties; at least one silane moiety of the plurality is functionalized with a net positively charged group and at least one silane moiety of the plurality is functionalized with a net negatively charged group.

Abstract: Compositions of nanoparticles functionalized with at least one zwitterionic moiety, methods for making a plurality of nanoparticles, and methods of their use as diagnostic agents are provided. The nanoparticles have characteristics that result in minimal retention of the particles in the body compared to other nanoparticles. The nanoparticle comprises a core, having a core surface essentially free of silica, and a shell attached to the core surface. The shell comprises at least one silane-functionalized zwitterionic moiety.

Abstract: Compositions of nanoparticles functionalized with at least one zwitterionic moiety, methods for making a plurality of nanoparticles, and methods of their use as diagnostic agents are provided. The nanoparticles have characteristics that result in minimal retention of the particles in the body compared to other nanoparticles. The nanoparticle comprises a core, having a core surface essentially free of silica, and a shell attached to the core surface. The shell comprises at least one silane-functionalized zwitterionic moiety.

Abstract: Compositions of nanoparticles functionalized with at least one zwitterionic moiety, methods for making a plurality of nanoparticles, and methods of their use as diagnostic agents are provided. The nanoparticles have characteristics that result in minimal retention of the particles in the body compared to other nanoparticles. The nanoparticle comprises a core, having a core surface essentially free of silica, and a shell attached to the core surface. The shell comprises at least one silane-functionalized zwitterionic moiety.

Abstract: Composition of non-radioactive traceable metal isotope-enriched nanoparticles, and methods of their use for determining in-vivo biodistribution are provided. The methods comprise the steps of: (a) introducing the nanoparticles into the biological material, wherein the nanoparticles comprise at least one inorganic core, and the inorganic core comprises at least two metal isotopes in a predetermined ratio; wherein at least one metal isotope is enriched non-radioactive traceable metal isotope and (b) determining the distribution of the nanoparticles in the biological material based on the predetermined ratio of the metal isotopes.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to core/shell nanoparticles, wherein such core/shell nanoparticles comprise a nanoparticle core and a nanoshell disposed about the nanoparticle core such that, in the aggregate, they form a core/shell nanoparticle that is operable for use as an imaging agent in X-ray/computed tomography (CT). Typically, such core/shell nanoparticle-based X-ray CT imaging agents further comprise a targeting species for targeting the imaging agent to diseased sites. Included herein are methods for forming such agents, comprising forming an ensemble of core/shell nanoparticles, wherein the mean diameter of the ensemble of core/shell nanoparticles is selected so as to render the nanoparticles in the ensemble substantially clearable by a mammalian kidney.

Abstract: This invention describes the synthesis of solvent soluble polymers using crosslinkers containing multiple unsaturations. Thus, it serves two purposes i.e. provides the functionality for further modification and also a rigidity. This selective polymerization involves copolymerization of a vinyl monomer with an inclusion complex of crosslinker either thermally/photochemically in the presence of oil/water soluble initiator in organic as well as aqueous medium. Crosslinkers used are acrylamide/methacrylamide derivatives. The inclusion complex of crosslinkers can be polymerized with the desired monomer in the first step and can be crosslinked in the second step. The content of the crosslinker can be adjusted from 0.01 to 99.99%, which gives soluble copolymers.

Abstract: The present invention describes water-soluble homopolymers obtained by polymerization of monomers containing multiple unsaturations. These monomers form inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins and methylated cyclodextrins. The unsaturated site involved in the formation of the inclusion complex does not take part in the polymerization reaction. After cyclodextrin is recovered, the polymer containing multiple unsaturations can be further polymerized either by thermal and/or photochemical initiators to yield crosslinked polymers.

Abstract: The present invention describes water-soluble homopolymers obtained by polymerization of monomers containing multiple unsaturations. These monomers form inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins and methylated cyclodextrins. The unsaturated site involved in the formation of the inclusion complex does not take part in the polymerization reaction. After cyclodextrin is recovered, the polymer containing multiple unsaturations can be further polymerized either by thermal and/or photochemical initiators to yield crosslinked polymers.

Abstract: The present invention describes water-soluble homopolymers obtained by polymerization of monomers containing multiple unsaturations. These monomers form inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins and methylated cyclodextrins. The unsaturated site involved in the formation of the inclusion complex does not take part in the polymerization reaction. After cyclodextrin is recovered, the polymer containing multiple unsaturations can be further polymerized either by thermal and/or photochemical initiators to yield crosslinked polymers.

Abstract: The present invention discloses compositions, comprising a lipid-polymer matrix to mask the bitter or unpleasant taste of the medicament. The lipid or a blend of lipids, are used in combination with the pH dependent polymer where the said polymer is acid soluble or swellable The process for the preparation of taste masked pharmaceutical compositions of the bitter drugs comprising the said lipid-polymer compositions are disclosed. The concomitant use of the acid soluble polymer, which remains collapsed at the pH of saliva, inhibits the release of drug at that pH and hence they further help in bitterness inhibition. The said compositions deliver substantial amount of the bitter drug immediately at the gastric pH with improved palatability.

Abstract: The present invention relates a novel pH sensitive polymer which exhibits pH dependant swelling/dissolution behavior. The composition is useful for taste masking of bitter drugs and also for the gastric delivery of the drugs. The said polymer comprises a hydrophobic monomer polymerized along with a basic monomer or a hydrophobic monomer polymerized along with a basic monomer and a hydrophilic monomer.

Abstract: The present invention describes water-soluble homopolymers obtained by polymerization of monomers containing multiple unsaturations. These monomers form inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins and methylated cyclodextrins. The unsaturated site involved in the formation of the inclusion complex does not take part in the polymeization reaction. After cyclodextrin is recovered, the polymer containing multiple unsaturations can be further polymerized either by thermal and/or photochemical initiators to yield crosslinked polymers.

Abstract: The present invention discloses coating compositions with taste masking property, comprising a blend of pH sensitive polymers and optionally a pH independent polymer or a blend of the pH sensitive polymer and pH independent polymer used for taste masking of highly bitter drugs. The pH sensitive polymers used comprise the acid soluble polymers and the enteric polymers. The process for the preparation of taste masked pharmaceutical compositions of the bitter drugs comprising the said coating compositions is disclosed. The concomitant use of the polymers inhibits the release of the bitter drug at the pH of saliva. The said coating compositions deliver substantial amount of the bitter drug immediately with improved palatability.

Abstract: Functional polyvalent oligomer for applications in medicine and biotechnology are disclosed. These oligomers have the formula (1) wherein R is H, CH3, C2H5, R1, is H, NH2, OH, COOH, X is N-Acetyl Glucosamine mannose, galactose and sialic acid, fructose, ribulose, erythrolose, xylulose, psicose, sorbose, tagatose, glucopyranose, fructose, deoxyribose , galactosamine, sucrose, lactose, isomaltose, maltos, cellobiose, cellulose and amylose, Y is H, COOH, OH or NH2, and n is from 3 to 50. The present invention also relates to synthesis of such oligomeric ligands. The method of synthesis of the present invention for oligomerization can be—applied to other ligands such as sialic acid, mannose and galactose and can—be used for the prevention of infections.

Abstract: The present invention discloses pharmaceutical compositions comprising of pH sensitive polymers used for taste masking highly bitter drugs. The pH sensitive polymer acts as a reverse enteric coating, which is soluble in the acidic pH range 1.0 to 3.0 normally found in the stomach but is insoluble in the pH range 3.5 to 7 thus inhibiting the release of the bitter drug at the pH of saliva and also at the pH of reconstitution medium in case of liquid orals.

Abstract: The present invention relates a novel pH sensitive polymer which exhibits pH dependant swelling/dissolution behavior. The composition is useful for taste masking of bitter drugs and also for the gastric delivery of the drugs. The said polymer comprises a hydrophobic monomer polymerized along with a basic monomer or a hydrophobic monomer polymerized along with a basic monomer and a hydrophilic monomer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a substantially amorphous pharmaceutical composition comprising a drug that can exist in a variety of polymorphic forms and a pH sensitive polymer, which inhibits the crystallization of the drug during formulation and reconstitution. Polymers of higher molecular weight are more effective at lower loading, especially when the drug polymer matrix is prepared by the solvent evaporation or solvent extraction technique. The compositions used as dry syrups maintain bioavailability of the drug and effectively mask the taste of the drug when the composition is reconstituted.