Abstract: A method for a Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU). The method including receiving from a network configuration information indicating multiple frequency layers for positioning reference signals; and at least one activated frequency layer from among the multiple frequency layers. The frequency layers may be associated with one or more carriers for data transmission, wherein the carrier is co-located with its associated frequency layer for positioning; and bandwidth parts (BWPs) within carriers for data transmission. The WTRU may receive from the network activation/deactivation information indicating activation/deactivation of any of a secondary cell (SCell) and a BWP. The WTRU may transmit information indicating, for example, a set of frequency layers used for positioning, wherein the set of frequency layers is enabled according to any of an accuracy requirement, a latency, a measured RSRP of one frequency layer, and a measured CSI-RS corresponding to BWPs being a threshold.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for burst transmission are provided. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) is configured to receive configuration information for a periodic search space (P-SS) and a semi-persistent search space (SP-SS). The configuration information may include a monitoring periodicity of the P-SS and a monitoring periodicity of the SP-SS. The P-SS may be associated with the SP-SS. The WTRU is configured to monitor the P-SS with the periodicity of the P-SS. The WTRU is configured to receive a first message in a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in a slot of the P-SS. The first message may indicate an activation of the associated SP-SS. The WTRU is configured to monitor the SP-SS using the periodicity of the SP-SS. The WTRU is configured to receive a second message in a second PDCCH in a slot of the SP-SS.

Abstract: Beam management may be coordinated by a centralized coordinating entity, e.g., by a gNB, that configures and schedules Channel State Information Reference Signal, CSI-RS, transmissions for beam measurement and reporting. This centralized coordinating entity may not be available for Wireless Transmit-Receive Units, WTRUs, in a SideLink, SL, mode of operation, where resource allocation is performed by WTRUs in a distributed manner. WTRU procedures for establishing and updating an SL TCI state association are disclosed, including determining a spatial domain filter to use for an SL transmission. In these WTRU procedures, a WTRU may perform CSI-RS transmissions in an SL slot, e.g., multiplexed with a PSCCH/PSSCH transmission. The WTRU may receive, in reply, CSI reporting information comprising a spatial domain filter. For further SL TB transmissions for the SL, the WTRU may use the spatial domain filter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) resources and using beams are disclosed herein. In an example, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a broadcast message or a radio resource control message from base station that includes correspondence information regarding the plurality of beam reference signals, wherein the correspondence information designates at least one set of PRACH resources for each of the plurality of beam reference signals. In addition, the WTRU may measure a plurality of beam reference signals transmitted from a base station. Further, the WTRU may select a beam reference signal from among the plurality of measured beam reference signals. The WTRU may determine a set of PRACH resources designated for the selected beam reference signal based on the received correspondence information. Moreover, the WTRU may transmit a PRACH signal using at least one PRACH resource of the determined set of PRACH resources.

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to methods and apparatus using V2X enhancements to perform discontinuous reception. In an embodiment, a method implemented by a first WTRU, for a device-to-device (D2D) communication between the first WTRU and a second WTRU, the method may include any of comprising receiving, from the second WTRU, D2D control information comprising: (1) first information indicating one or more first transmission resources reserved for transmission of the D2D communication and (2) second information indicating if at least one second transmission resource is reserved for retransmission of the D2D communication; determining a sleeping period for the first WTRU that ends prior to a reception time of the retransmission of the D2D communication, wherein the sleeping period is based on the second information; and receiving the retransmission of the D2D communication, after an end of the determined sleeping period.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products may perform channel separation of transmissions associated with a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). In an example, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may determine a first channel matrix using measurements of a reference signal (RS) which is associated with first RIS parameter settings, which may impart first reflection properties at the RIS. The WTRU may determine a second channel matrix using measurements of a RS which are associated with second RIS parameter settings, which may impart different second reflection properties the RIS. The WTRU may derive a RIS channel matrix using a function of the first channel matrix and the second channel matrix and determine Channel state information (CSI) therefrom. The WTRU may feedback information indicating the CSI to a base station.

Abstract: A transmitting wireless transmit/receive unit (Tx WTRU) may receive configuration information that indicates one or more parameters. The one or more parameters may be associated with resource selection. The Tx WTRU may determine a first resource selection window and a second resource selection window. The first resource selection window may be associated with an active time of a receiving wireless transmit/receive unit (Rx WTRU). The second resource selection window may be associated with an inactive time of the Rx WTRU. The Tx WTRU may determine a first number of candidate resources associated with the first resource selection window. The Tx WTRU may determine a first number of candidate resources associated with the second resource selection window. In examples, the Tx WTRU may increase the first number of candidate resources associated with the first resource selection window to a second number of candidate resources associated with the first resource selection window.

Abstract: Methods, systems and apparatus are provided for hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) processes. A base station may transmit first uplink (UL)-downlink (DL) configuration information indicating a first UL-DL configuration, and may transmit second UL-DL configuration information indicating a second UL-DL configuration. The base station may transmit a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmission in a DL direction of one or more first symbols in a first subframe. The DL direction of the one or more first symbols may be based on the first UL-DL configuration and the second UL-DL configuration. The base station may receive first acknowledgement (ACK)/negative ACK (NACK) information in a UL direction of one or more second symbols in the first subframe. The first ACK/NACK information may be based on the PDSCH transmission. The UL direction of the one or more second symbols may be based on the first UL-DL configuration and the second UL-DL configuration.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein regarding enhancements of physical channels in Multi-TRP. Reliability enhancements are provided for physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), including, for example, enhanced support for a control resource set (CORESET) combining. Reliability enhancements are provided for physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), including, for example, activation/deactivation of repetition combining, resource selection, etc. Reliability enhancements are provided for physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), including, for example, spatial relation determination and signaling, configured and dynamic grant enhancements, etc.

Abstract: Methods for receiving downlink control information (DCI) are provided herein. A method performed by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may include receiving configuration information indicating a location of a monitoring indicator and identifying a first one or more search spaces and a second one or more search spaces. The method may include receiving a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmission including first DCI, the DCI including the monitoring indicator at the indicated location. The method may include monitoring, based on the monitoring indicator, either the first one or more search spaces or the second one or more search spaces and decoding a second PDCCH transmission detected in either the first one or more search spaces or the second one or more search spaces to receive second DCI.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for scheduling sidelink communications in unlicensed spectrum are disclosed. A method performed by a first wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may comprise: obtaining a grant for transmission on a sidelink (SL); receiving, from a second WTRU or an additional WTRU, a transmission that includes first channel occupancy time (COT) information; on a condition that the grant is for transmission on the SL during a COT associated with the second WTRU or an additional WTRU, determining, from a transmission received from the second WTRU, the additional WTRU, or both the second and the additional WTRU, cast information; performing a listen before talk (LBT) procedure using a set of parameters associated with information received from the second WTRU or additional WTRU; and on a condition that the LBT procedure is successful, transmitting, based on the determined cast information, data that includes second COT information.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for narrowband (NB) LTE operation. A WTRU may receive a first downlink data transmission, for example, via a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH). The WTRU may determine to send a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) in response to receipt of the first downlink data transmission. The WTRU may transmit a first uplink reference signal. The WTRU may indicate the HARQ-ACK using a first cyclic shift index that is applied to the first uplink reference signal. The WTRU may determine to send a HARQ negative ACK (HARQ-NACK), for example, on a condition that a second downlink data transmission is not correctly received. The WTRU may send a second uplink reference signal. The WTRU may indicate the HARQ-NACK using a second cyclic shift that is applied to the second uplink reference signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for receiving synchronization signal block (SSB) at a WTRU is disclosed. The WTRU receives a candidate SSB in a set of symbols in a slot. Then the WTRU receives an indication of a mode of association between candidate SSB positions and candidate SSB index. Next the WTRU determines a candidate SSB index associated with the candidate SSB. Then the WTRU determines a symbol number of a symbol in the set of symbols and a slot number of the slot based on the candidate SSB index and the indicated mode of association. And, then the WTRU receives a PDCCH transmission using a timing determined based on the determined symbol number and slot number. In some embodiments, the indicated mode of association may be either a first mode or a second mode.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive downlink control information (DCI) including a downlink grant. Further, the WTRU may receive a downlink transmission scheduled by the downlink grant. Also, the WTRU may determine a start time for an uplink transmission, wherein the uplink transmission includes hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)-acknowledgment (ACK) information, wherein the HARQ-ACK information is based on the downlink transmission. In addition, the WTRU may determine an available processing time associated with the HARQ-ACK information. On a condition that the determined start time for the uplink transmission is later than an uplink symbol time that is at least the determined available processing time after the end of a time unit at the end of the downlink transmission, the WTRU may transmit the uplink transmission including the HARQ-ACK information.

Abstract: A method may be implemented by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). The method may comprise receiving configuration information. The configuration information may comprise information regarding a first discontinuous reception (DRX) cycle with a first periodicity and a second DRX cycle with a second periodicity. The configuration information may comprise a time offset value (T). The configuration information may comprise a threshold value for wake-up signal (WUS) detection. The configuration information may comprise a number (N) of monitoring occasions for missed WUS detections. The method may comprise monitoring for a WUS according to the first periodicity. The method may comprise monitoring for a paging indication according to the second periodicity. The method may comprise monitoring, on a condition that a WUS is not detected. for the paging indication according to the first periodicity. and receiving the paging indication.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein for sidelink (SL) collision detection and indication (e.g., in new radio (NR) vehicular communications (V2X)). A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may send resource reservations (e.g., in sidelink control information (SCI)). A receiving (RX) WTRU may receive SCI from (e.g., multiple) transmitting (TX) WTRUs, where the TX WTRUs are reserving resources for transmission. The TX WTRUs may be unaware of the other TX WTRUs (e.g., unaware of the resources being reserved by other TX WTRUs). Resources may be in conflict, for example, if the reserved resources overlap (e.g., partially or completely). Collision may occur, for example, if multiple TX WTRUs reserve the resources in conflict for transmission and/or if the TX WTRUs reserving the resources in conflict for transmission do not reselect a non-conflicting resource.

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to methods and apparatus for network energy savings. A method may be implemented in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). The method may include receiving configuration information indicating a pattern of time periods during which a cell is available or unavailable and receiving a downlink control information (DCI) comprising an indication associated with an availability of the cell. The method may include determining that a resource may be included in a time period during which the cell may be determined by the WTRU to be available based on the indicated pattern of time periods and the indication. The method may include transmitting or receiving in the resource based on the resource being included in the time period during which the cell may be available.

Abstract: A WTRU may include a memory and a processor. The processor may be configured to receive beam grouping information from a gNB or transmission and reception point (TRP). The beam grouping information may indicate a group of beams that the WTRU may report using group-based reporting. The group-based reporting may be a reduced level of reporting compared to a beam-based reporting. The group-based report may include measurement information for a representative beam. The representative beam may be one of the beams in the group or represents an average of the beams in the group. Alternatively, the representative beam may be a beam that has a maximum measurement value compared to other beams in the group. The group-based report may include a reference signal received power (RSRP) for the representative beam and a differential RSRP for each additional beamin the beam group.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein that may be used to determine a destination for sidelink transmission based on the priority of the transmission and/or other parameters associated with the transmission. In examples, a destination may be selected if one or more logical channels associated with the destination have a bucket size parameter exceeding a certain threshold and the one or more logical channels have a highest priority. Various other techniques are also described herein that relate to the configuration and/or report of QoS information, selection of sidelink resources, use of a minimum communication range, etc.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods are disclosed for determining one or more clear channel assessment occasions. Techniques include performing one or more clear channel assessment (CCA) processes on a channel during the one or more CCA occasions to determine whether the channel is available at the one or more CCA occasion based on the one or more CCA processes. Techniques include sending the UL transmission in one or more UL subframes via the channel on at least a condition that the channel is determined to be available at the one or more CCA occasions. Techniques include performing the one or more CCA processes on the channel during another of the one or more CCA occasions on at least a condition that the channel is determined to be unavailable at a previous CCA occasion.