Abstract: Methods for determining candidate beams for beam failure recovery are provided herein. A method performed by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) includes receiving configuration information for receiving a first set of reference signals that are associated with a first set of beams, receiving configuration information for receiving a second set of reference signals that are associated with a second set of beams, and one or more criteria for candidate beam selection. The method includes receiving at least one of the first set of reference signals. The method includes transmitting information indicating a selected third set of beams that satisfy the received criteria for candidate beam selection. The selected third set of beams is a suggested set of candidate beams to be monitored for beam failure recovery. The third set of beams is selected based on beam quality measurements of one of the first set of reference signals.

Abstract: An LBT method and apparatus are disclosed for a WTRU and gNB. A method may comprise receiving a gNB beam direction schedule and an LBT measurement configuration. The WTRU may switch a receiver so as to receive a beam based on the beam direction schedule and monitor for a DCI. The WTRU may be configured to determine whether there is a transmission for the WTRU and if there is, the transmission may be received. The transmission may be a DCI for an uplink transmission of the WTRU. A WTRU may be configured to receive the gNB beam direction schedule and the LBT measurement configuration at a start of an MCOT.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a first channel state information (CSI) request and a second CSI request. The WTRU may determine a first active window for the first CSI request and a second active window for the second CSI request. The WTRU may determine, based on a first association rule, a first number of computational units (CUs) needed to process the first CSI request in the first active window and a second number of CUs needed to process the second CSI request in the second active window. The WTRU may determine that the second CSI request is an invalid CSI request based on the first number of CUs, the second number of CUs, and a number of CUs available to the WTRU. The WTRU may determine, based on a second association rule, a number of additional CUs needed to process the second CSI request in an active sub-window.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a set of channel state information (CSI) report configurations that may be associated with one or more functionalities associated with an AIML model. The WTRU may determine, based on one or more conditions, that a first functionality of the one or more functionalities is non-applicable. The WTRU may transmit a first indication (e.g., via MAC-CE) that the first functionality is non-applicable to the network. The WTRU may start a timer upon determining that the first functionality is non-applicable. The WTRU may transmit one or more CSI reports that include predicted (e.g., inaccurate). The WTRU may determine that the timer has expired, and may transmit a second indication (e.g., via RRC) that the functionality is non-applicable. The WTRU may receive an indication to fallback to non-AIML operation and/or an indication to use an applicable second functionality of the one or more functionalities.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, systems, etc., directed to performing a change of relay are disclosed herein. In an embodiment, a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may transmit an information for requesting a peak reduction tone (PRT) configuration for reducing a peak to average power ratio (PAPR). In an embodiment, the WTRU may receive an indication of frequency resources to be used for transmitting a PRT signal based on the PRT configuration. In an embodiment, the WTRU may transmit the PRT signal in the frequency resources in addition to an uplink (UL) transmission, wherein the frequency resources for the PRT signal may be allocated based on a set of frequency resources allocated to the UL transmission.

Abstract: Methods for triggered mobility event evaluation, in the presence of cross-link interference (CLI), are disclosed. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may communicate, with a base station in a serving cell, using downlink subbands of a first frequency band and an uplink subband of the first frequency band in full duplex slots, wherein the downlink subbands and the uplink subband are non-overlapping. The WTRU may measure a signal strength of a signal received on the uplink subband in a first full duplex slot. The WTRU may select a set of reference signal received power (RSRP) threshold values from among a plurality of sets of RSRP threshold values by comparing the measured signal strength to at least one threshold. The WTRU may evaluate one or more mobility measurement events using the selected set of RSRP threshold values to trigger and perform cell switching, cell selection, or cell reselection.

Abstract: The operation of a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) is defined by a configured processor or a method of operation to determine a positioning accuracy requirement based on one or more triggering conditions. The processor sends a request for a positioning reference signal (PRS) configuration and receives one or more PRS transmissions. The WTRU may then receive a request from a network to report a validity area, such as for artificial intelligence or machine learning (AI/ML) positioning. The validity area may be associated with a non-terrestrial network. The determination may be based on the positioning accuracy requirement and a plurality of PRS transmissions. The WTRU may further send a report to the network, wherein the report comprises an indication of at least the validity area for AI/ML positioning.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products are provided for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) to perform base station-based sensing in communication with a wireless network. A method includes receiving configuration information from the network, monitoring for an indication signal at a specified periodicity, and determining a monitoring periodicity for a sensing signal upon detecting the indication signal. The WTRU performs measurements of the sensing signal and reports the results to the network. The method supports both monostatic and bistatic sensing, and includes provisions for handling synchronization signal blocks (SSB) and adjusting search periodicity based on the WTRU's location. Additionally, the WTRU can cancel or postpone uplink transmissions that conflict with sensing resources.

Abstract: A WTRU may send an indication to a network entity. The indication may include an indication that the WTRU is configured to support WTRU configuration adaptation related to one or more communication capabilities. The WTRU may receive a plurality of configurations. The plurality of configurations may be associated with the one or more communication capabilities. The WTRU may apply a first configuration associated with the one or more communication capabilities. The WTRU may determine to change the first configuration based on a change in a WTRU status, for example by at least a threshold amount. The WTRU status may be associated with one or more of power and/or processing resources. The WTRU may apply a second configuration based on the determination to change the first configuration. The WTRU may send an indication that the second configuration has been applied to the network entity.

Abstract: A WTRU may transmit a first set of capabilities associated with the WTRU and a second set of capabilities associated with a second WTRU. The WTRU may receive a reference signal (RS) configuration that indicates one or more RS parameters for reception, and may receive the RS. The WTRU may determine an aggregation mode of operation. The WTRU may receive one or more channel state information (CSI) reporting configurations that are associated with one or more sub-configurations. The WTRU may select a CSI reporting sub-configuration. The WTRU may transmit a CSI report according to the selected CSI reporting sub-configuration, where the CSI report may include an indication of one or more indexes associated with the selected sub-configuration and an index of at least one of the first set of capabilities and the second set of capabilities.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive configuration information. The configuration information may be associated with one or more channel state information (CSI) reference signals (RS). The WTRU may receive a first indication of a first transmit power level and/or a second indication of a second transmit power level. The first transmit power level comprises an energy per resource element (EPRE) associated with a CSI-RS resource (RE) and the second transmit power level comprises a hypothetical physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) (EPRE) associated with the CSI-RS resource. The WTRU may determine whether the second transmit power level is the same for the one or more CSI RS. The WTRU may determine compensation factor to determine CSI. The WTRU send an indication of determined CSI to a network.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to receive a first message comprising a candidate cell identification (ID) and a synchronization signal block (SSB) configuration for a candidate cell, and configured to receive a second message that comprises a first set of SRS configurations, and configured to receive a third message over a physical downlink control channel (PDDCH) that may include SRS indications, and configured to determine a second set of SRS configurations based on the SRS indications in the third message and based on the target cell ID being different than a cell ID of the serving cell. The second set of SRS configurations may comprise at least an uplink spatial filter, an SRS power, and a timing advance. The WTRU may be configured to send, to a target cell, based on the third message, an SRS transmission, using the determined second set of SRS configurations.

Abstract: In some implementations, a WTRU may include transmitting capability information to support LP-WUS forwarding, and receiving a configuration message to enable LP-WUS coverage extension for a remote WTRU, the configuration message including, first configuration parameters for monitoring a LP-WUS of the remote WTRU, the first configuration parameters including configured resources for the remote WTRU, second configuration parameters for LP-WUS transmission forwarding to the remote WTRU, and third configuration information indicating signal quality parameters for relaying a LP-WUS to the remote WTRU. The WTRU may include receiving an indication to start monitoring the LP-WUS of the remote WTRU, determining the signal quality parameters for relaying the LP-WUS are satisfied, and transmitting an acknowledgement for activation of LP-WUS.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products are provided for a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) to communicate with a wireless network using base station-based sensing. A method includes receiving configuration information and spatial translation data from the network, determining transmission gain, and transmitting signals based on this gain. The spatial translation data includes details like antenna tilt and power offsets. The WTRU can adjust its operations based on the received signal strength and perform periodic measurements as requested by the network. The method also includes steps for managing resources and adjusting operations when base station-based sensing is deactivated.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products for initiating communication in a wireless communications network are disclosed. A plurality of channel raster groups may be defined in the communications network system. Devices in the wireless communications system may select a channel raster group in dependence on a system characteristic accessible to the devices. The system characteristic may be a network-sided characteristic or a WTRU-sided characteristic. A WTRU may send or seek signals in the frequencies in a selected channel raster group rather than sending or seeking signals in the larger number of frequencies in the plurality of channel raster groups.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured for fast adaptation of reference signal (RS) transmission. The WTRU may receive a configuration for RS transmissions. The configuration may indicate one or more conditions and/or resources for requests associated with the RS. The WTRU may, upon the occurrence of an indicated condition send a request to the network to modify, adjust, or cancel one or more RS transmissions. The WTRU may modify, adjust, or cancel the RS transmission based on the occurrence of a condition, or based on receiving a response from the network indicating that the SRS should be modified, adjusted, or cancelled, for example.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive a message from a first cell. The message may include a list of one or more cells, information associated with applicability of one or more artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) operations, and/or a bias to apply to measurements during cell reselection. The bias may be associated with prioritizing cells in which the WTRU is able to continue one or more AI/ML operations. The WTRU may apply the bias to measurements performed on the second cell based on one or more of the second cell being indicated by the network or the information associated with applicability of the one or more AI/ML operations of the second cell being the same as information associated with applicability of the one or more AI/ML operations of the first cell. The WTRU may reselect to the second cell based on the biased measurements.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to detect a cell based on reception of one or more synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel blocks (SSBs). The WTRU may receive a payload from the one or more SSBs. The payload may include information indicating a first set of SSB parameters. The WTRU may receive a physical downlink control channel transmission including information indicating a second set of SSB parameters. The WTRU may determine a set of SSB bursts based on the first set of SSB parameters, the second set of SSB parameters, and time domain locations of SSBs of the set of SSB bursts. The WTRU may measure one or more SSBs in the determined set of SSB bursts. The WTRU may send, to the cell, an indication using a transmit power and/or a beam that is associated with an SSB of the measured one or more SSBs.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and instrumentalities associated with initial access procedure assistance information. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive, from a network node, a grant of an uplink resource. The WTRU may determine assistance information associated with a downlink transmission. The assistance information may include one or more of: an indication of a capability of the WTRU to receive a repetition of the downlink transmission, an indication of a number of repetitions of the downlink transmission, an indication that the WTRU satisfies a condition, an indication of a downlink measurement, or an indication of location information associated with the WTRU. The WTRU may send, to the network node, an uplink transmission via the uplink resource. The uplink transmission may indicate the assistance information. The uplink transmission may be associated with an initial access procedure. The WTRU may receive the downlink transmission from the network node.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wireless communication system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for transmitting control signal via a PUCCH in a wireless communication system, and to an apparatus for the method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: joint-coding a plurality of pieces of control information to obtain a single codeword; obtaining a first modulation symbol sequence from the single codeword; obtaining, from the first modulation symbol sequence, a plurality of second modulation symbol sequences corresponding to each slot in the PUCCH; cyclically shifting the plurality of second modulation symbol sequences in a time domain to obtain a plurality of third modulation symbol sequences; performing a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) precoding process on the plurality of third modulation symbol sequences to obtain a plurality of complex symbol sequences in a frequency domain; and transmitting the plurality of complex symbol sequences via the PUCCH.