Abstract: Nanostructured material exhibiting a random anisotropic nanostructured surface, and exhibiting an average reflection at 60 degrees off angle less than 1 percent. The nanostructured materials are useful, for example, for optical and optoelectronic devices, displays, solar, light sensors, eye wear, camera lens, and glazing.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to polishing pads which include a polishing layer, wherein the polishing layer includes a working surface and a second surface opposite the working surface. The working surface includes a plurality of precisely shaped pores, a plurality of precisely shaped asperities and a land region. The present disclosure further relates to a polishing system, the polishing system includes the preceding polishing pad and a polishing solution. The present disclosure relates to a method of polishing a substrate, the method of polishing including: providing a polishing pad according to any one of the previous polishing pads; providing a substrate, contacting the working surface of the polishing pad with the substrate surface, moving the polishing pad and the substrate relative to one another while maintaining contact between the working surface of the polishing pad and the substrate surface, wherein polishing is conducted in the presence of a polishing solution.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to polishing pads which include a polishing layer, wherein the polishing layer includes a working surface and a second surface opposite the working surface. The working surface includes at least one of a plurality of precisely shaped pores and a plurality of precisely shaped asperities. The present disclosure further relates to a polishing system, the polishing system includes the preceding polishing pad and a polishing solution. The present disclosure relates to a method of polishing a substrate, the method of polishing including: providing a polishing pad according to any one of the previous polishing pads; providing a substrate, contacting the working surface of the polishing pad with the substrate surface, moving the polishing pad and the substrate relative to one another while maintaining contact between the working surface of the polishing pad and the substrate surface, wherein polishing is conducted in the presence of a polishing solution.

Abstract: A reflection sheet and a method of manufacturing a reflection sheet are disclosed. The reflection sheet comprises a substrate layer and a reflective layer formed on the substrate layer, wherein the reflective layer comprises an alloy consisting of silver (Ag), palladium (Pd) and neodymium (Nd).

Abstract: Asymmetric articles are described including a porous substrate with two opposing major surfaces and a porous structure extending between the surfaces, and a polymeric coating on one of the major surfaces and extending into the porous structure to a depth of the porous structure. Methods for making an asymmetric composite article are also provided, including providing a porous substrate, treating the porous substrate with a plasma treatment or a corona treatment from one major surface to a depth of the porous structure between the two major surfaces. The method further includes applying a coating solution to the treated porous substrate and drying the coating solution to form a composite asymmetric composite article having a polymeric coating on one major surface and extending into the porous structure to the depth of the treated porous structure.

Abstract: Electrically conductive patterns formed on a substrate are provided with a reduced visibility. A region of a major surface of the substrate is selectively roughened to form a roughened pattern on the major surface of the substrate. Electrically conductive traces are directly formed on the roughened region and are conformal with the roughened pattern on the major surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Nanostructured material exhibiting a random anisotropic nanostructured surface, and exhibiting an average reflection at 60 degrees off angle less than 1 percent. The nanostructured materials are useful, for example, for optical and optoelectronic devices, displays, solar, light sensors, eye wear, camera lens, and glazing.

Abstract: A method of making a nanostructure and nanostructured articles by depositing a layer to a major surface of a substrate by plasma chemical vapor deposition from a gaseous mixture while substantially simultaneously etching the surface with a reactive species. The method includes providing a substrate; mixing a first gaseous species capable of depositing a layer onto the substrate when formed into a plasma, with a second gaseous species capable of etching the substrate when formed into a plasma, thereby forming a gaseous mixture; forming the gaseous mixture into a plasma; and exposing a surface of the substrate to the plasma, wherein the surface is etched and a layer is deposited on at least a portion of the etched surface substantially simultaneously, thereby forming the nanostructure. The substrate can be a (co)polymeric material, an inorganic material, an alloy, a solid solution, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Surface treated fibers and methods of treating individual fiber surfaces. One exemplary method includes subjecting a precursor gas to a plasma-generating discharge within an atmospheric plasma generator to generate a reactive species flow including reactive oxygen species, and exposing a reinforcing fiber to the reactive species flow for a treatment time sufficient to functionalize the reinforcing fiber with oxygen such that at least one of a composite matrix interfacial adhesion of the reinforcing fiber or a composite matrix interfacial strength of the reinforcing fiber, increases. The precursor gas preferably includes a carrier gas and an oxidative gas, the oxidative gas being contained in an amount of up to 25% by volume of the precursor gas.

Abstract: To provide an abrasive material having a structured surface that is excellent in preventing adhesion and accumulation of foreign objects, and a manufacturing method thereof. The abrasive material of an embodiment of the present disclosure is an abrasive material having an abrasive layer with a structured surface with a plurality of three-dimensional elements arranged thereon, a surface treatment selected from the group consisting of fluoride treatment and silicon treatment being performed on at least a portion of the structured surface, and the fluoride treatment being selected from the group consisting of plasma treatment, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, and fluorine gas treatment.

Abstract: Cleanable articles having overcoats with hydrophilic front surfaces and which are siloxane-bonded to an underlying body member. Also, methods of making and using such articles.

Abstract: A composite having (a) a substrate that has opposing first and second surfaces, the substrate being at least 90% transmissive in visible light and has less than 5% haze, (b) a nanostructured article including a matrix and a nanoscale dispersed phase and having a random nanostructured anisotropic surface; and (c) an optically clear adhesive disposed on the second surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A method of plasma treating a flexographic printing plate and a method of using a plasma-treated flexographic printing plate to transfer a liquid to a printable substrate are disclosed. A method of flexographic printing comprises: transferring the liquid from an anilox roll to a printing surface of the plasma-treated flexographic printing plate and transferring the liquid from the printing surface of the plasma-treated flexographic printing plate to a surface of the substrate. A method of plasma treating the flexographic printing plate comprises exposing at least the printing surface of the flexographic printing plate to a plasma.

Abstract: A method of forming a working mold including placing a substrate near an electrode in a chamber, the substrate (610) having at least a first structured surface (620); providing power to the electrode to create a plasma, —introducing vapor of liquid silicone molecules into the plasma; and depositing a release layer (630), the release layer (630) including a silicone containing polymer, the release layer (630) being deposited on at least a portion of the first structured surface of the substrate to form the working mold.

Abstract: A composite having (a) a substrate that has opposing first and second surfaces, the substrate being at least 90% transmissive in visible light and has less than 5% haze, (b) a nanostructured article including a matrix and a nanoscale dispersed phase and having a random nanostructured anisotropic surface; and (c) an optically clear adhesive disposed on the second surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Articles comprising a substrate and a first layer on a major surface thereof, wherein the first layer has a first random, nanostructured surface, and wherein the first layer has an average thickness up to 0.5 micrometer. Embodiments of the articles are useful, for example, for display applications (e.g., liquid crystal displays (LCD), light emitting diode (LED) displays, or plasma displays); light extraction; electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, ophthalmic lenses; face shielding lenses or films; window films; antireflection for construction applications; and, construction applications or traffic signs.

Abstract: A method of making abrasive particles includes exposing ceramic particles to an organosilane-derived plasma formed from components comprising an organosilane and oxygen to form plasma-modified ceramic particles; and contacting a coupling agent with the second plasma-treated ceramic particle to provide the abrasive particle. Abrasive particles preparable by the method and abrasive particles containing them are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhancing a cognitive ability of a user may comprise: conducting, via a user interface display of a user computing device, a training session which may comprise: presenting a transportation routing network having a source of travelers and a respective unique destination for each traveler and a path from the source to the respective unique destination, each path comprising at least one direction modification element operable by the user to correctly direct the traveler from the source to the respective unique destination; displaying to the user a traveler moving along a path from the source to the at least one direction modification element; allowing the user to control the position of the at least one direction modification element so as to direct the traveler from the source to the respective unique destination.

Abstract: An article having at least one fluorinated porous layer having a basis weight of about 10 to about 300 grams per square meter and a thickness of about 0.20 to about 20 millimeters. The porous layer also exhibits a Q200 of greater than about 1.1.

Abstract: A method of forming a working mold including: placing a substrate (610) on an electrode in a chamber, the substrate having at least a first structured surface (620) and the substrate including a thermoset polymeric material; introducing a release (630) layer forming gas into the chamber, wherein the release layer forming gas includes silicon containing gas and oxygen gas in an atomic ratio of not greater than about 200; providing power to the electrode to create a plasma of the release layer forming gas within the chamber; and depositing a release layer formed from the release layer forming gas on at least the first structured surface of the substrate to form a working mold.