Abstract: A discharge lamp of the short arc type having an arc tube, a hermetically sealed tube at each of opposite ends of the, a pair of electrodes which are located in the arc tube, electrode rods which support the electrodes, support parts which are each formed by part of one of the hermetically sealed tubes, optionally cylindrical retaining bodies which are each located within and welded to a respective one of the support parts and in which a respective one of the electrode rods time is held securely, and a trigger component which is located on an outer side surface of the support parts, the support parts of the respective hermetically sealed tube and/or the cylindrical retaining bodies are formed of a material that contains a metal or a metallic compound for increasing the dielectric constant. In this way, even with a great distance between the electrodes of the lamp and a high gas filling pressure, the operating properties of the lamp can be improved and it can be reliably operated at a low breakdown voltage.

Abstract: A data recording apparatus includes a determining unit that determines whether a storable area is present in the first storage device. The storable area is a combination of a plurality of empty areas having contiguous physical addresses with a total data volume larger than that of a volume of the data. When the determining unit determines that the storable area is present, a first storage unit stores the data in the storable area, and a second storage unit stores the data that has been stored by the first storage unit in the storable area as a lump into the second storage device.

Abstract: In a data recording apparatus, a monitoring unit detects a VLU including an MRB that manages an area that has not been accessed for a specified time period based on a current time, a time management table, and a parameter table. From MRBs of the detected VLU, the monitoring unit selects a plurality of MRBs with an unaccessed time period equal to or more than the specified time period and equal to or less than a total time. The monitoring unit performs synchronization process for data in a primary storage managed by the selected MRBs at a time. During the synchronization process, a correction value is adjusted when there is a data conflict with another device.

Abstract: At power-on again, a restore processing unit restores block information tables from a primary storage to a volatile memory. After classifying the block information tables into group-specific links of a plurality of time zones, a first sort processing unit connects the group-specific links to form a group classification link. Then, a second sort processing unit sequentially retrieves the block information tables of the group classification link from the earliest time stamp side for insertion in a position so as to achieve a time-stamp ascending order, thereby reconfiguring the links.

Abstract: Hierarchical storage management is performed using a primary storage device and a secondary storage device. A suppression process unit suppresses the data operation requested by another device if data requested to read by the device is not stored in the primary device. A block size setting process unit sets the data size of a block, based on the size of the data requested to read when storing the data in the primary device in units of blocks. A data writing process unit writes data read from the secondary device into the primary device one and after in units of the blocks whose data size is set if the data requested to read is not stored in the primary device. A release process unit releases the suppression of data operation of only already written data one and after every time the data is written into the primary device.

Abstract: A backup data storage control unit makes a write-once storage medium store by-generation backup data in order of generations. A generation identification data storage control unit makes a generation identification data of the backup data stored at a storage position right in front of the by-generation backup data in the storage medium.

Abstract: A discharge lamp in which fluctuation of the arc when the lamp starts and in which devitrification and damage of the arc tube are prevented, so that light intensity can be kept uniform over a long time is achieved by the cathode having a tapering part with a diameter which decreases in the direction to the tip that is formed with an area with different diameters extending around the tapering part in the peripheral direction which has concave-convex parts with groups of convex parts which are located next to one another in the axial direction of the cathode, the concave-convex parts in longitudinal cross section being arranged such that corner points of each convex part are located inside of an edge line of the tapering part, and an envelope curve which connects the corner points is convex with respect to the center line of the cathode.

Abstract: A discharge lamp of the short arc type having an arc tube, a hermetically sealed tube at each of opposite ends of the, a pair of electrodes which are located in the arc tube, electrode rods which support the electrodes, support parts which are each formed by part of one of the hermetically sealed tubes, optionally cylindrical retaining bodies which are each located within and welded to a respective one of the support parts and in which a respective one of the electrode rods time is held securely, and a trigger component which is located on an outer side surface of the support parts, the support parts of the respective hermetically sealed tube and/or the cylindrical retaining bodies are formed of a material that contains a metal or a metallic compound for increasing the dielectric constant. In this way, even with a great distance between the electrodes of the lamp and a high gas filling pressure, the operating properties of the lamp can be improved and it can be reliably operated at a low breakdown voltage.

Abstract: A mercury lamp of the short arc type which can stably emit an intense spectrum at a wavelength of 365 nm with an extremely narrowed band region over a long time, and which has an anode and a cathode disposed opposite one another in a silica glass arc tube which is filled with mercury and a rare gas, is achieved by the amount of mercury being less than or equal to 1.0 mg/cc of the inside volume of the arc tube and at least one of the gases argon (Ar) and krypton (Kr) are used as the rare gas at room temperature with 1.0 to 8.0 atm.

Abstract: To devise a mercury lamp of the short arc type with high radiant efficiency and increased arc stability which meets the demand for increasing the amount of radiation from the light source. In a mercury lamp of the short arc type, a cathode and an anode are disposed opposite one another within an arc tube filled with mercury and a rare gas. At least argon (Ar) and/or krypton (Kr) in an amount from 1.0 to 8.0 atm at room temperature is added as the rare gas. In addition, the relationship between various dimensions of the lamp is fixed such that conditions 0.3≦X/L≦0.6, (X+5)/D≦0.85, and (L−(X+5))/D≦0.85 are satisfied, L (mm) being the length of the bulb in the axial direction, X (mm) being the length of the cathode which projects in the axial direction into the emission space, and D (mm) being the maximum outside diameter of the bulb in the radial direction.

Abstract: A temperature-controlled appliance is provided with mutually-independent temperature-controlled compartments arranged close to each other. Each of the compartments comprises a casing formed of a heat-insulating layer, a thermal conductor arranged in the casing and provided with a heat-conducting surface located opposite a storage space in the casing, a Peltier device thermally connected with the thermal conductor, a power supply for feeding electric power to the Peltier device, and a controller for controlling electric power to be fed to the Peltier device so that a temperature in the casing is controlled.

Abstract: A watercooler is provided with a vessel for storing water therein; a heater for boiling the water in the vessel; a pump for lifting the boiled water; a primary cooling unit (e.g., air-cooled heat exchanger tube and a fan) for subjecting to primary cooling the boiled water lifted by the pump; a secondary cooling unit (e.g., the fan, a heat-dissipating-side thermal conductor, a thermoelectric module, a heat-absorbing-side thermal conductor, and a cold water pipe) for subjecting the water, which has been subjected to the primary cooling, to secondary cooling by using the thermoelectric module; and a service unit for dispensing the cold water subsequent to the secondary cooling.

Abstract: An air-conditioning ventilator is provided with an air inlet passage and an air outlet passage for ventilation and also with a heat exchanger making use of a thermoelectric module for effecting an exchange of heat with air flowing through one of the passages. At least one of a heat-absorbing system and a heat-dissipating system of the heat exchanger is provided with a heat-transfer-medium-circulating system so that a heat transfer medium is forced to circulate in a liquid form for performing the exchange of heat.

Abstract: A thermoelectric converter is composed of a number of p-type semiconductor chips and n-type semiconductor chips arranged side by side and electrically connected in series, a heat-absorbing-side heat conductor arranged on a heat-absorbing side of the p-type and n-type semiconductor chips, a heat-dissipating-side heat conductor arranged on a heat-dissipating side of the p-type and n-type semiconductor chips, and a device for feeding a current to the p-type and n-type semiconductor chips. The current feeding device feeds a current of a density in a current density range selected depending on a thickness of said p-type and n-type semiconductor chips.

Abstract: The method of conducting a lighting operation of a metallic vapour discharge lamp, to maintain a suitable arc tube temperature, even if the lamp is operated at an input power higher than 160 W/cm of lighting length. A metallic vapour discharge lamp, in which mercury, rare gas, iron and halogen are encapsulated wherein an arc tube is used and which is operated with an internal pressure of 0.5 to 10 psi, an input power of higher than 160 W/cm of lighting length and within a heater having an air injection cooling system. The lamp characteristics are D.ltoreq.28 and simultaneously P/D.ltoreq.14, where the arc tube external diameter is designated D (mm) and the input power/cm of lighting length is designated P (W/m).

Abstract: A thermoelectric cooling device for a thermoelectric refrigerator is described. The device is composed of p-type and n-type semiconductor layers, a first inner heat conductor, a first outer heat conductor, a second inner heat conductor, and a second outer heat conductor. The p-type and n-type semiconductor layers are electrically connected in series via the electrodes. The p-type and n-type semiconductor layers have a specific average thickness. The average figures of merit of the p-type and n-type semiconductor layers are controlled to a particular value. The thermal conductances of the first and second, inner and outer heat conductors fall within specific ranges, respectively. The coefficient of performance defined in terms of the ratio of the quantity of absorbed heat to inputted power is at least 0.6. Also described are a process for the fabrication of a semiconductor suitable for use in the thermoelectric cooling device and also a thermoelectric refrigerator using the thermoelectric cooling device.

Abstract: In a metallic vapor discharge lamp, in whose arc tube provided with electrodes are encapsulated together with mercury and inert gas, whose quantity is adequate for maintaining arc discharges, an adequate quantity of iron and an adequate quantity of a metal, in which at least one of the metals tin, magnesium, bismuth, thallium, cadmium or manganese is selected, together with halogen, as a result of the fact that the encapsulated halogen at least contains bromine, whose weight ratio to the total halogen is 0.26%, the adhesion of iron to the inside of the arc tube is prevented and consequently a radiation intensity of the ultraviolet rays effective for curing paints or inks is maintained over a long period of time.

Abstract: A joint comprising a pillow ball having a spherical portion, a bearing for rotatably supporting the spherical portion, and a housing for housing the bearing. The housing has therein a housing bore having a first step for contacting one end of the bearing, a large bore contiguous to the housing bore via a second step, and an attaching bore contiguous to the large bore for receiving a dustproof covering. The depth of the first step is substantially equal to the axial length of the bearing. The joint further comprises an annular plug inserted into the large bore. The annular plug has a taper tapering off toward the side opposite to the housing bore, and the annular plug is pressed and secured onto the second step by caulking or deforming the inside of the housing to fit the taper. The annular plug and the bearing are thus prevented from coming out of the large bore and the housing bore, respectively. The composing members of the joint are simple in their structure and can be easily manufactured and assembled.

Abstract: Disclosed is a ball joint. The ball joint comprises a socket; a bearing provided along an inner face of said socket; and a ball stud embraced by said bearing; said socket including a stepped portion at an upper part and a rising portion rising integrally from an outer periphery of said stepped portion; said bearing including a flange portion at an upper part; said flange portion forcibly holding said ball stud to prevent a removal of said ball stud by caulking said stepped portion of said socket from upper and outer crosswise directions with said rising portion of said socket.

Abstract: A joint has a cylindrical socket which is opened at at least one end thereof, an inner joint portion having a ball-shaped portion and at least one shaft portion integral with the ball-shaped portion, a bearing portion fitted in the socket portion and having a recess which has a configuration complementary to the outer configuration of the inner joint portion, the recess rockably and slidably supports the ball portion of the inner joint portion, the bearing portion being supported at an and of the socket opposite to the open end of the socket by a flange portion which projects radially inward from the end of the socket opposite to the open end, a support member disposed within the opening of the open end of the socket at the on end side and capable of cooperating with the flange portion in supporting the bearing portion in the axial direction, and a boot portion disposed between the shaft portion of the inner joint portion and the socket so as to prevent foreign matter from coming into a gap between the slidin