Abstract: A resin-metal composite layer is formed by modifying a surface of a resin substrate to a modified layer, contacting the modified layer with a metal compound solution, and adsorbing at least either metal colloids or ions are adsorbed to the polar group, so that metal particles are dispersed into the modified layer. Because of the fineness of the metal particles in the resin-metal composite layer, high transparent can be achieved. The resin-metal composite layer functions as a transparent conductive layer and the like.

Abstract: A resin material is brought into contact with a first solution containing ozone, and at the same time, ultraviolet rays are irradiated. The activation due to the treatment with ozone water and the activation due to the treatment with ultraviolet rays are synergistically operated to enable the formation of a plated coating having excellent adhesive strength by a short treatment. In addition, even by a long treatment, the adhesive strength can be restrained from lowering. Consequently, a plated coating having excellent adhesion can be formed without roughening the surface of the resin material by a short pretreatment.

Abstract: A non-asbestos-based friction material for rotors and brake drums of aluminum alloy for automobiles or the like, which exhibits lower counter surface attack and excellent wear resistance, produced by forming and then curing a non-asbestos-based friction material composition comprising a fibrous base (A), binder (B) and filler (C) as the major ingredients, wherein the filler (C) is incorporated with 1 to 10% of abrasive particles having an average size of 0.5 to 10 &mgr;m and 4 to 20% of unvulcanized rubber, all percentages by volume based on the whole friction material.