Abstract: Provided is a poly(para-t-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene) having recurring units of the formula: ##STR1## which is prepared by anionic polymerization of para-t-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene. The polymer is of a controlled molecular weight and a narrow molecular weight distribution and has a high degree of resolution and development, meeting the requirements of resist materials. The method allows for simple preparation of such polymers.

Abstract: A polystyrene type monodispersion polymer having at least a monomer unit represented by the following general formula (I), and having a molecular weight which lies in the range 500-500,000 and manufacturing process thereof are disclosed; ##STR1## where R is a hydrogen atom or methyl group, and the R in the molecule may be identical or different.

Abstract: A positive resists material for high energy-sensitive positive resists which can be developed in aqueous alkali solution, said material comprising (A) a polyhydroxystyrene resin wherein some hydroxyl groups are substituted by t-butoxycarbonyloxy groups, (B) a solution blocking agent, and (C) an onium salt, and being characterized in that said solution blocking agent contains at least one t-butoxycarbonyloxy group per molecule, said onium salt is bis(p-t-butylphenyl) iodinium trifluormethylsulfonate represented by the following formula (1): ##STR1## and the weight proportions of (A), (B), (C) are given by the relations: 0.07.ltoreq.B-.ltoreq.0.40, 0.005.ltoreq.C.ltoreq.0.15, 0.55.ltoreq.A, A+B+C=1. As the resist has low absorption at the exposure wavelength of a KrF exima laser, a fine pattern having vertical walls is easily formed.

Abstract: A resist based on a living polymer is provided. Living anionic polymerization of p-alkoxycarbonylstyrene monomers results in polymers having a molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of from 1 to 1.4.

Abstract: A p-vinylphenoxydimethylphenylcalbyldimethylsilane homopolymer having a molecular weight dispersion narrow enough to ensure high resolution and high developability to resists containing said homopolymer as main component can be manufactured by anionic polymerization of a p-vinylphenoxydimethylphenylcalbyldimethylsilane monomer.

Abstract: A lithium cell having excellent discharging and recharging characteristics is proposed which is characteristic in the unique formulation of the polymeric solid electrolyte composition having a high ionic conductivity to fill the space between the anode and the cathode. The electrolyte composition comprises: (a) a block copolymer of styrene and 4-hydroxystyrene, of which the phenolic hydroxy groups in the 4-hydroxystyrene moiety are substituted by the grafting chains of poly(ethylene oxide) moiety having a specified chain length, (b) an ionic lithium salt and (c) a poly(ethylene oxide) in a specified weight proportion.

Abstract: In place of the conventional silicon source materials used in the prior art method for the preparation of silicon carbide whiskers, the inventive method utilizes a hydrolysis product of a chlorosilane compound R.sub.a SiCl.sub.4-a or a chlorodisilane compound R.sub.b Si.sub.2 Cl.sub.6-b, in which R is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group, a is zero to 3 and b is 1 to 5, as the silicon source which is intimately mixed with a powder of carbon and the mixture is heated at 1400.degree. to 1700.degree. C. to give silicon carbide whiskers in a high conversion. Alternatively, the hydrolysis of the chloro(di)silane compound is performed in an aqueous medium in which a powder of carbon is dispersed in advance so that the hydrolysis product as formed is already a mixture with the carbon powder.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing silicon carbide whisker which has a cross-sectional diameter of greater than about 1 .mu.m by mixing a source of silicon atom in the form of grains having a mean grain diameter of at least 50 .mu.m with a carbon atom source in the presence of an element or compound of the element, the element being yttrium, calcium, manganese, aluminum, indium, or rare earth elements in an amount from about 100 to 2,000 ppm and growing the silicon carbide whisker therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing silicon carbide whiskers by reacting a starting mixture comprising starting silicon source material mainly composed of silicon and oxygen and carbonaceous material at a high temperature, wherein one or more of Fe, Co and Ni ingredients are contained in the starting mixture such that the total amount of the Fe, Co, Ni ingredients is from 25 to 2000 ppm based on the silicon ingredient in the starting silicon source material. Silicon carbide whiskers at high purity can be produced at high yield with less content of powdery silicon carbide.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel method for manufacturing fused quartz glass by the decomposition and oxidation of a vaporizable silicon compound such as silicon tetrachloride in a plasma flame according to which the quartz glass rod produced contains a controlled amount of hydroxy groups with high reproducibility. The principle of the inventive method consists in the admixture of gaseous hydrogen chloride into the gaseous reactant mixture or in the plasma-supporting gas as the source for the hydrogen atoms to be converted to the hydroxy groups in place of hydrogen gas or water vapor as the hydrogen source. Good proportionality is established between the concentration of the hydrogen chloride in the gaseous feed and the hydroxy content in the resultant fused quartz glass rod.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for molding a block of a fused quartz glass by the plastic deformation of a starting block with smaller dimensions at a high temperature. The molding procedure is carried out in a graphite mold under compression at a temperature of 1700.degree. C. or higher in an atmosphere of helium at a pressure in the range, preferably, from 50 to 500 Torr. The cooling schedule as specified is also of importance in order that the molded quartz glass block is freed from any strain or cracks.