Abstract: A method of recovering oil from a reservoir using an aqueous composition that contains an unsaturated zwitterionic surfactant and a copolymer. The unsaturated zwitterionic surfactant is an amidoamine-based surfactant having a sulfonate head group and an alkenyl tail. The copolymer contains reacted units of acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AM-AMPS). This method is particularly effective for enhanced oil recovery in carbonate reservoirs of high temperature and/or high salinity.

Abstract: A drilling fluid formulation which includes an aqueous phase, and additives including an organophilic clay, a gemini surfactant, and a polyacrylamide. The organophilic clay contains an ion-exchange reaction product of a clay material (e.g. smectite) and quaternary ammonium cations. The polyacrylamide contains reacted units of an acrylamide monomer, an acrylate monomer, and a hydrophobicity modifying monomer. Rheology properties of the drilling fluid including gel strength, yield stress, and storage modulus are specified. The additives present in the drilling fluid synergistically boost its shale swelling inhibition capability.

Abstract: A method for assessing an optimal acid injection rate in the process of hydrocarbon formation stimulation. The method comprises evaluating an anisotropic diffusion coefficient by pulsed gradient NMR, introduction of a semi-empirical correction based on comparison of the downhole conditions with the library of laboratory experiments where such corrections were measured, extrapolation of the library data to the real downhole conditions. The improved values of the diffusion coefficients are applied in determining wormhole regime conditions that are optimal in terms of acid consumption per a unit of stimulated yield of the hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Amidoamine-based gemini surfactants having dual chains connected via an arylene or heteroarylene linker. Each chain contains a quaternary ammonium head group and an ethoxylated alkyl tail. A water-based drilling fluid containing the gemini surfactant is also provided. As examined by linear swelling and free swelling tests, the gemini surfactant is effective in reducing clay swelling.

Abstract: A method of demulsifying an emulsion of oil and water whereby palm oil fuel ash, which is a low cost waster product obtained from oil palm processing, is added to the emulsion and the resulting mixture is agitated, thereby breaking the emulsion into an aqueous phase and an oil phase. Solid particles of palm oil fuel ash settle to the bottom of the aqueous phase, allowing easy separation of the oil phase, the aqueous phase, and the settled solid particles of palm oil fuel ash.

Abstract: Methods of controlling clay swelling and stabilizing subterranean geological formations containing swellable clays (e.g., montmorillonite, bentonite) are described. The methods involve treating the swellable clays with a composition containing an amidoamine-based gemini surfactant. The gemini surfactant has dual chains connected via an alkylene linker, whereby each chain contains a quaternary ammonium head group and an ethoxylated alkyl tail. As examined by linear swelling and free swelling tests, use of the gemini surfactant is effective in reducing swelling of the clays.

Abstract: A method for assessing an optimal acid injection rate in the process of hydrocarbon formation stimulation. The method comprises evaluating an anisotropic diffusion coefficient by pulsed gradient NMR, introduction of a semi-empirical correction based on comparison of the downhole conditions with the library of laboratory experiments where such corrections were measured, extrapolation of the library data to the real downhole conditions. The improved values of the diffusion coefficients are applied in determining wormhole regime conditions that are optimal in terms of acid consumption per a unit of stimulated yield of the hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Amidoamine-based gemini surfactants having dual chains connected via an arylene or heteroarylene linker. Each chain contains a quaternary ammonium head group and an ethoxylated alkyl tail. A water-based drilling fluid containing the gemini surfactant is also provided. As examined by linear swelling and free swelling tests, the gemini surfactant is effective in reducing clay swelling.

Abstract: Amidoamine-based gemini surfactants having dual chains connected via an alkenylene or alkynylene linker. Each chain contains a quaternary ammonium head group and an ethoxylated alkyl tail. A water-based drilling fluid containing the gemini surfactant is also provided. As examined by linear swelling and free swelling tests, the gemini surfactant is effective in reducing clay swelling.

Abstract: A surfactant of formula (I) wherein each of R1 and R2 are independently a hydrogen, an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted arylalkyl, R3 and R4 are independently an optionally substituted alkyl, an optionally substituted cycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted arylalkyl, x is an integer in a range of 2-8, y is an integer in a range of 1-15, z is an integer in a range of 4-10, n is an integer in a range of 2-5, and A is one of a carboxybetaine group, a sulfobetaine group, or a hydroxy sulfobetaine group. An oil and gas well servicing fluid containing the surfactant and methods of servicing an oil and gas well are also described.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for management of a cloud computing environment for use by a software application. The cloud computing environment may be an N-tier environment. Multiple cloud providers may be used to provide the cloud computing environment.

Abstract: A method of demulsifying an emulsion of oil and water whereby palm oil fuel ash, which is a low cost waster product obtained from oil palm processing, is added to the emulsion and the resulting mixture is agitated, thereby breaking the emulsion into an aqueous phase and an oil phase. Solid particles of palm oil fuel ash settle to the bottom of the aqueous phase, allowing easy separation of the oil phase, the aqueous phase, and the settled solid particles of palm oil fuel ash.

Abstract: A drilling fluid formulation which includes an aqueous phase, and additives including an organophilic clay, a gemini surfactant, and a polyacrylamide. The organophilic clay contains an ion-exchange reaction product of a clay material (e.g. smectite) and quaternary ammonium cations. The polyacrylamide contains reacted units of an acrylamide monomer, an acrylate monomer, and a hydrophobicity modifying monomer. Rheology properties of the drilling fluid including gel strength, yield stress, and storage modulus are specified. The additives present in the drilling fluid synergistically boost its shale swelling inhibition capability.

Abstract: A method of recovering oil from a reservoir using an aqueous composition that contains an unsaturated zwitterionic surfactant and a copolymer. The unsaturated zwitterionic surfactant is an amidoamine-based surfactant having a sulfonate head group and an alkenyl tail. The copolymer contains reacted units of acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AM-AMPS). This method is particularly effective for enhanced oil recovery in carbonate reservoirs of high temperature and/or high salinity.

Abstract: Amidoamine-based gemini surfactants having dual chains connected via an alkyl linker. Each chain contains a quaternary ammonium head group and an ethoxylated alkyl tail. Properties of the surfactant including thermal stability, critical micelle concentration, and foam stability are specified. A method of recovering oil from a reservoir using an aqueous composition that contains the surfactant and a polymer (e.g. AM-AMPS) is also provided. This method is particularly effective for oil recovery in reservoirs of high temperature and/or high salinity.

Abstract: Zwitterionic surfactants having a sulfonate head group and an ethoxylated alkyl tail. A method for synthesizing the surfactants via amidation of an ethoxylated carboxylic acid and an amine catalyzed by a fluoride salt as well as a sulfonation reaction using a sultone is provided.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for management of a cloud computing environment for use by a software application. The cloud computing environment may be an N-tier environment. Multiple cloud providers may be used to provide the cloud computing environment.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and systems for management of a cloud computing environment for use by a software application. The cloud computing environment may be an N-tier environment. Multiple cloud providers may be used to provide the cloud computing environment.

Abstract: The invention concerns synthesized amido-amine-based cationic gemini surfactants with flexible and rigid spacers and different hydrophobic. These gemini surfactants were prepared by modified procedure through amidation of long chain carboxylic acids using 3-(dimethylamino)-1-propylamine followed by treatment with halohydrocarbons and showed excellent thermal stability and surface properties useful for various oilfield applications such as enhanced oil recovery.

Abstract: A user interaction is detected that identifies an environment from which data is to be pulled for deployment in a solution represented by a solution package. Setup data is automatically extracted from an instance of an application that is to be replaced by the solution. An editable representation of the setup data is displayed for user configuration or modification. Application data is then extracted from the instance of the application according to the setup data, including any user modifications represented in the editable representation.