Abstract: A rotational angle-measurement apparatus with high accuracy is provided through the electric correction of the rotational angle-measurement apparatus by rotating the rotation shaft at a constant speed.

Abstract: There has been a problem that a bridge circuit using magneto-resistive elements or transducer elements could output a signal including an offset voltage, which could result in lower measurement accuracy. In order to solve such a problem, half-bridges each having magneto-resistive elements or transducer elements are excited with different excitation voltages so that the offset voltage is eliminated and the measurement accuracy is improved.

Abstract: Degradation of an electron emission element by irradiation of the positive ion generated inside a panel is suppressed. A deflection electrode is periodically disposed, and the electron emission region of an electron emission element is disposed so as not to include a center line between adjacent deflection electrodes, so that an electron beam trajectory is deflected and bombardment or irradiation of the generated positive ion to the electron emission region is prevented.

Abstract: To realize a large-sized high resolution image display apparatus using an electron emitter array and a phosphor screen, a signal electrode to be formed on the a substrate is made as a thick film, a concave portion is formed in between two signal electrodes, and a convergence electron lens is formed by a base electrode and an top electrode connected to the signal electrode, and thereby electron beams are converged.

Abstract: By making Nd concentration in the tunneling insulating film 11 smaller than Nd concentration in the base electrode first layer 16, the accumulated electric charge amount in the tunneling insulating film 11 is reduced and afterimage is decreased. By setting a relation between a position of a stack interface of the base electrode 13 and a thickness of an insulating layer properly, the generation of a device defect is prevented.

Abstract: A protruded portion of an adjacent scan line is provided along one of longer sides of an electron emission area, for functioning as a focusing electrode. A feeding electrode is provided along the other longer side of the electron emission part. Use of this arrangement improves the ability to feed current from a scan line(s). Thus, a distribution of drive current within an element electrode is dispersed, thereby to improve the reliability of an electron emission element. Additionally, in the case of a thin-film electron source being used as this element, the improvement in current feeding ability enables a top electrode to decrease in thickness, thus increasing the electron emission efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image display device, by which it is possible to prevent dielectric breakdown between a bottom electrode and a top electrode (top electrode bus line), which make up thin-film type electron sources, and which is free of display defect and has longer service life. On a cathode substrate 10, a bottom electrode 11, a tunneling insulator 12, and a top electrode 13 are prepared. On a lower layer of the top electrode 13, a top electrode bus line 16 is formed, and the top electrode 13 is reliably connected to the top electrode bus line 16 via a contact electrode 15. A field insulator 12A, a lower layer 14a of the interlayer insulator deposited by sputtering and an upper layer 14b of the interlayer insulator are laminated between the top electrode 13 and the contact electrode and the bottom electrode 11, and the bottom electrode 11 is insulated from the top electrode 13 (top electrode bus line 16).

Abstract: A cold cathode type flat panel display which is an image display device includes a vacuum panel container composed of a cathode substrate in which plural cold cathode type electron sources are arranged, an anode substrate, plural spacers for supporting the cathode substrate and the anode substrate, and a glass frame. Plural electrical lines extend in a line direction and a row direction across an interlayer insulator on the cathode substrate. Parts of lines positioned in an upper layer of the plural electrical lines are made into scan lines and lines positioned in a lower layer are made into data lines. Further, parts of the electrical lines positioned in the upper layer are made into spacer lines for giving to the spacers a voltage lower than an acceleration voltage which is applied to an accelerating electrode.

Abstract: An image display device which is free of display defects and with high reliability to prevent destruction of electron sources due to injection of electric charge. On an outermost periphery of a display region, there are provided a bottom electrode serving as data line, a scan line bus serving as scan line, and dummy potential fixing electrodes which do not contribute to image display, and are connected with electrodes with low impedance and constant potential.

Abstract: The invention provides a display device using thin film type electron sources having a structure that can be formed in a simple manufacturing process. A lower electrode, a protective insulating layer and an interlayer film are formed on a cathode substrate. An upper bus electrode made from a laminated film of a metal film lower layer and a metal film upper layer is provided further on the interlayer film. A film of an upper electrode of a thin film type electron source for each pixel constituted by an insulating layer serving as an electron accelerating layer on the lower electrode and the upper electrode is formed on two stripe electrodes of the upper bus electrode in that pixel and another upper bus electrode in an adjacent pixel by sputtering. Then, the upper electrode is separated by self-alignment due to a setback portion of the metal film lower layer and an appentice of the metal film upper layer of the corresponding upper bus electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image display device free of display defects and with high reliability to prevent destruction of electron sources due to injection of electric charge. On the outermost periphery of a display region, there are provided a bottom electrode 11 serving as data line, a scan line bus 21 serving as scan line, and dummy potential fixing electrodes 11D1, 11D2, 21D1 and 21D2 not contributing to image display, and these are connected with electrodes 70 and 80 with low impedance and constant potential.

Abstract: An display apparatus arranged in a matrix having plural luminance modulation elements for modulating or do not modulating luminance depending upon application of a voltage of positive or reverse polarity, having plural parallel scanning electrodes and plural parallel data electrodes, in which each luminance modulation element is disposed at an intersection between the scanning electrode and the data electrode, and having first driving means connected to the scanning electrodes and outputting scanning pulses, and second driving means connected to the data electrodes, wherein the scanning electrodes are grouped into those in a selected state applied with a scanning pulse and those other than described above in a non-selected state at a certain time point during the scanning period; the number of the scanning lines in the selected state is n1; the scanning lines in the non-selected state are grouped into non-selected state scanning lines at a high impedance state and non-selected state scanning lines at a low im

Abstract: The present invention reduces smears arising from voltage decreases caused by the wiring resistance of scan lines for electron emission device selection. The display unit includes an FED panel in which scan lines, data lines, and electron supply devices are positioned at the intersections of the data lines and scan-lines. A scan driver for supplying a selection signal to the scan lines, and a data driver for supplying a drive signal to the data lines are provided. Electron emission devices selected by the selection signal are driven by the drive signal. A signal corrector circuit individually corrects the drive signal to be supplied to each data line to compensate for a voltage decrease caused by the wiring resistance in each column of the scan lines.

Abstract: In a matrix electron emitter display using a thin-film electron emitter, a required resistance value of a top electrode, which value is determined by voltage drop at the top electrode, is small, and selection of a material and film thickness of the top electrode have been limited. Use of cathode structure which improves the capability of feeding from a feeding line to a thin-film electron emitter element improves the electron emission efficiency, and permits achieving higher luminance and lower power of a display apparatus.

Abstract: A cold cathode type flat panel display which is an image display device includes a vacuum panel container composed of a cathode substrate in which plural cold cathode type electron sources are arranged, an anode substrate, plural spacers for supporting the cathode substrate and the anode substrate, and a glass frame. Plural electrical lines extend in a line direction and a row direction across an interlayer insulator on the cathode substrate. Parts of lines positioned in an upper layer of the plural electrical lines are made into scan lines and lines positioned in a lower layer are made into data lines. Further, parts of the electrical lines positioned in the upper layer are made into spacer lines for giving to the spacers a voltage lower than an acceleration voltage which is applied to an accelerating electrode.

Abstract: In a planar display apparatus having electron-emitter elements, phosphors, and spacers in combination, occurrence of vacuum discharge such as arc discharge or spark discharge is reduced and after images are reduced in the display apparatus by using a thin-film electron emitter, in which an electron-emitter elements are operated before starting-up of image display and a phosphor-application voltage during the operation is set to a non-light emitting voltage.

Abstract: To improve luminance uniformity in a panel plane, for example, there is set an amplitude of a pixel driving voltage which is an anode current in the neighborhood of a threshold value of electron emission of one pixel and the amplitude is kept as a threshold value correction value for each pixel, and to correct the luminance variation in the high-luminance emission between the pixels, there is set an amplitude of a pixel driving voltage which is an anode current in the neighborhood of a maximum value of electron emission of one pixel and the amplitude is kept as a gain correction value for each pixel. In the configuration, when a video image is displayed, the input video signal is corrected using the threshold correction value and the gain correction value for each pixel.

Abstract: A cold cathode type flat panel display which is an image display device including a vacuum panel container composed of a cathode substrate in which plural cold cathode type electron sources are arranged, an anode substrate, plural spacers for supporting the cathode substrate and the anode substrate, and a glass frame. Plural electrical lines extend in a line direction and a row direction across an interlayer insulator on the cathode substrate. Parts of lines positioned in an upper layer of the plural electrical lines are made into scan lines and lines positioned in a lower layer are made into data lines. Further, parts of the electrical lines positioned in the upper layer are made into ground lines for giving ground voltage to the spacers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a bright and high-resolution display apparatus having a dynamic range exceeding the number of gray-scale voltage (or current) outputs, which a signal driver is capable of generating. In accordance with the present invention, a select period, in which a group of pixels on each row is driven, is divided into a plurality of sub-periods. The signal driver supplies a voltage output varying from sub-period to sub-period to selected pixels through a signal electrode. The pixel is capable of expressing various values of a gray scale, the size of which is at least approximately equal to (the number of gray-scale voltage outputs, which the signal driver is capable of generating)×(the number of sub-periods). By changing the ratio of the length of a sub-period to the length of another sub-period or the range of the driving voltage (or current), the dynamic range of the display can be further increased.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image display capable of enhancing a production yield. The image display comprises a display device including a first plate which has a plurality of electron-emitter elements each having a structure comprised of a base electrode, an insulating layer and a top electrode stacked on one another in this order, the electron-emitter element emitting electrons from the surface of the top electrode when a voltage of positive polarity is applied to the top electrode; a plurality of first electrodes for respectively applying driving voltages to the base electrodes of the electron-emitter elements lying in a row (or column) direction; and a plurality of second electrodes for respectively applying driving voltages to the top electrodes of the electron-emitter elements lying in the column (or row) direction, a frame component, and a second plate having phosphors, wherein a space surrounded by the first plate, the frame component and the second plate is brought into vacuum.