Abstract: The method for aiding ALS detection provided by the present invention includes determining a profile of signal peptides contained in a bodily fluid from a test subject, and comparing the signal peptide profile thus determined for the test subject with a previously-determined profile of signal peptides in a bodily fluid from a healthy subject. The presence of a difference between the signal peptide profile of the test subject and the signal peptide profile of the healthy subject at a specific molecular weight is then associated with the test subject's suffering from or developing ALS.

Abstract: This method for aiding Alzheimer's detection provided by the present invention includes: determining a profile of signal peptides contained in a bodily fluid from a test subject, and comparing the signal peptide profile thus determined for the test subject with a previously-determined profile of signal peptides in a bodily fluid from a healthy subject. A difference between the signal peptide profile of the test subject and the signal peptide profile of the healthy subject at a specific molecular weight is then associated with the test subject's suffering from or developing Alzheimer's.

Abstract: The pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting expression of CD47 in tumor cells provided by the present invention contains: exosomes produced by cultured tumor cells in an amount effective for inhibiting expression of the CD47; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a technology for efficiently introducing a foreign substance into at least cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells from outside the cells. The method disclosed here for introducing a foreign substance of interest in vitro or in vivo into at least cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells from outside the cells includes (1) a step of preparing a foreign substance introduction construct including a carrier fragment composed of KKRTLRKSNRKKR (SEQ ID NO:1) and the foreign substance of interest linked to the N-terminal and/or C-terminal side of the carrier peptide fragment; (2) a step of supplying the foreign substance introduction construct to a sample containing a target eukaryotic cell; and (3) a step of incubating the sample, to which the foreign substance introduction construct has been supplied, to thereby introduce the construct into the eukaryotic cell in the sample.

Abstract: The method of producing induced lightweight exosomes (iLE) provided by the present invention includes preparing a cell culture containing prescribed cultured cells; supplying at least once an artificially produced synthetic peptide to the cell culture and culturing the cell culture for a prescribed interval; and obtaining exosomes produced by the cultured cells following culturing. Here, the synthetic peptide is provided with: (1) an exosome-inducing peptide sequence and (2) a CPP sequence, and has a total number of amino acid residues of 100 or less.

Abstract: A method of introducing a foreign substance from the outside of eukaryotic cells into at least a cytoplasm of the cells in vitro or in vivo disclosed here includes the following steps: (1) preparing a construct for introducing a foreign substance, wherein the construct includes a carrier peptide fragment composed of the following amino acid sequence: TLKERCLQVVRSLVKKKRTLRKNDRKKR (SEQ ID NO: 1), and the foreign substance bound to an N-terminal side and/or C-terminal side of the carrier peptide fragment; (2) supplying the construct into a sample containing target eukaryotic cells; and (3) incubating the sample to which the construct is supplied, wherein the construct is introduced into the target eukaryotic cells in the sample.

Abstract: The synthetic peptide disclosed here includes (1) an amino acid sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOS:1 to 10, or a modified amino sequence formed by deletion, substitution or addition of 1, 2 or 3 amino acid residues in any of these amino acid sequences, together with (2) an amino acid sequence (CPP sequence) that functions as a cell penetrating peptide (CPP), and consists of a total of not more than 100 amino acid residues.

Abstract: An antiviral peptide provided according to the present invention includes (1) an amino acid sequence (TM sequence) constituting a transmembrane region of G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) or a modified amino acid sequence formed by conservative substitutions of 1, 2, or 3 amino acid residues in the TM sequence; and (2) an amino acid sequence (CPP sequence) functioning as a cell penetrating peptide (CPP), wherein a total number of amino acid residues is 100 or less.

Abstract: The synthetic peptide disclosed herein is a synthetic peptide which is artificially synthesized for suppressing binding of CTLA4 to at least one of B7 proteins B7-1 and B7-2. The synthetic peptide includes a CTLA4-B7 protein binding inhibitory peptide sequence. The CTLA4-B7 protein binding inhibitory peptide sequence is any one of amino acid sequences shown in the following (1) to (3): (1) a TIM3-SP-related sequence; (2) an LAG3-SP-related sequence; and (3) a CTLA4-SP-related sequence. Here, the total number of amino acid residues in the above-described synthetic peptide is 100 or less.

Abstract: A synthetic peptide provided by the present invention includes: (1) a CTLA4-SP-related sequence; and (2) an amino acid sequence that functions as a cell penetrating peptide, wherein the synthetic peptide has a total number of amino acid residues of 100 or less.

Abstract: A method for promoting expression of calreticulin in at least one kind of eukaryotic cell, and a synthetic peptide useful in this method are provided. In the method provided by the present invention, a culture of target cells is prepared, and a calreticulin expression-promoting peptide having calreticulin expression-promoting activity is supplied at least once to that culture.

Abstract: A synthetic peptide provided according to the technology disclosed here includes (1) a CMTM4-TM related sequence; and (2) an amino acid sequence that functions as cell membrane permeable peptide. The synthetic peptide has a total number of amino acid residues of 100 or less.

Abstract: The anti-tumor peptide provided by the present invention is a synthetic peptide having both amino acid sequences represented by the following (1) and (2): (1) an amino acid sequence constituting the transmembrane domain of transmembrane protein 141 (TMEM 141), or a modified amino acid sequence having deletion, replacement, or addition of one, two, or three amino acid residues of the amino acid sequence; and (2) an amino acid sequence functioning as a cell membrane penetrating peptide (CPP).

Abstract: An antiviral peptide provided by the present invention includes: (1) the signal sequence of a glycoprotein encoded for by the G gene of the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), or the signal sequence of hemagglutinin encoded for by the HA gene of the influenza A or influenza B virus, or a modified amino acid sequence formed by conservative substitution of 1, 2 or 3 amino acid residues in any of these signal sequences; and (2) an amino acid sequence that functions as a cell penetrating peptide (CPP).

Abstract: The method of producing induced lightweight exosomes (iLE) provided by the present invention includes preparing a cell culture containing prescribed cultured cells; supplying at least once an artificially produced synthetic peptide to the cell culture and culturing the cell culture for a prescribed interval; and obtaining exosomes produced by the cultured cells following culturing. Here, the synthetic peptide is provided with: (1) an exosome-inducing peptide sequence and (2) a CPP sequence, and has a total number of amino acid residues of 100 or less.

Abstract: An antitumor peptide provided according to the present invention includes (1) an S1PR-TM related sequence; and (2) an amino acid sequence functioning as a cell penetrating peptide; wherein the total number of amino acid residues is 100 or less.

Abstract: An antiviral peptide provided according to the present invention includes (1) an amino acid sequence (TM sequence) constituting a transmembrane region of G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) or a modified amino acid sequence formed by conservative substitutions of 1, 2, or 3 amino acid residues in the TM sequence; and (2) an amino acid sequence (CPP sequence) functioning as a cell penetrating peptide (CPP), wherein a total number of amino acid residues is 100 or less.

Abstract: Provide is an artificially synthesized antitumor peptide that may suppress proliferation of tumor cells. The peptide provided is a synthetic peptide that contains both (1) an amino acid sequence that forms a signal peptide of a membrane protein, programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), or a modified amino acid sequence thereof in which 1, 2 or 3 amino acid residues deleted from, substituted in or added to the above amino acid sequence; and (2) an amino acid sequence that serves as a cell penetrating peptide (CPP), and wherein the synthetic peptide comprises a total of 100 or fewer amino acid residues.

Abstract: The antitumor peptide provided by the present invention is a synthetic peptide including both of: (1) an amino acid sequence composing the second transmembrane region from the N-terminal of a membrane protein sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1), or a modified amino acid sequence formed by deletion substitution or addition of 1, 2 or 3 amino acid residues in the amino acid sequence; and (2) an amino acid sequence functioning as a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP); wherein the total number of amino acid residues is 100 or less.

Abstract: The method for assisting diagnosis of three major neurodegenerative diseases consisting of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and ALS provided by the present invention includes: obtaining a mass spectrum of a specimen collected from a subject by (MALDI/TOF-MS); and judging the subject to be positive or negative with respect to the three major neurodegenerative diseases on the basis of the magnitude of peak values at a mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of the resulting mass spectrum of m/z=1733±1 and m/z=2399±1 or a prescribed peak information value derived from the peak values.