Abstract: The method of producing a carbonaceous material for a negative electrode of a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes (1) an addition condensation step of subjecting a raw material mixture composed of phenols containing 50 mass% or greater of phenol and an aldehyde to addition condensation in the presence of a sodium-based basic catalyst at less than 5 mass% relative to the raw material mixture to produce a resol type phenol resin; (2) a heat treating step of subjecting the resol type phenol resin to a main heat treatment at a temperature of from 950° C. to 1500° C. in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere to produce a heat-treated carbon; and (3) a coating step of coating the heat-treated carbon with pyrolytic carbon to produce a carbonaceous material.

Abstract: There are provided a method capable of producing a large amount of a carbonaceous material for a negative electrode of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery from a carbon precursor impregnated with an alkali metal element or an alkali metal compound, and an apparatus for performing such production. The method for producing a carbonaceous material for a negative electrode of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a heat treatment step of feeding a carbon precursor containing an elemental alkali metal and/or an alkali metal compound, heating the carbon precursor in a temperature range from 1000° C. to 1500° C. in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere to produce a carbonaceous material, and discharging the carbonaceous material; and an exhaust gas treatment step of contacting a non-oxidizing exhaust gas containing a gas and a flying carbonaceous matter evolved in the heat treatment step with water or an aqueous solution to treat the exhaust gas.

Abstract: There are provided a method capable of producing a large amount of a carbonaceous material for a negative electrode of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery from a carbon precursor impregnated with an alkali metal element or an alkali metal compound, and an apparatus for performing such production. The method for producing a carbonaceous material for a negative electrode of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to the present invention includes a heat treatment step of feeding a carbon precursor containing an elemental alkali metal and/or an alkali metal compound, heating the carbon precursor in a temperature range from 1000° C. to 1500° C. in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere to produce a carbonaceous material, and discharging the carbonaceous material; and an exhaust gas treatment step of contacting a non-oxidizing exhaust gas containing a gas and a flying carbonaceous matter evolved in the heat treatment step with water or an aqueous solution to treat the exhaust gas.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that has a large charge/discharge capacity, has a small irreversible capacity, which is the difference between the doping capacity and the de-doping capacity, and is capable of effectively using an active material. The problem described above can be solved by a method for producing a carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode, the method including: (1) an alkali metal compound impregnating step of adding an elemental alkali metal or a compound containing an elemental alkali metal to a carbonaceous precursor to obtain an alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor; (2) a heat treatment step of: (a) obtaining a heat-treated product by performing main heat treatment on the alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor at 800° C. to 1500° C.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a carbonaceous material which is obtainable from plant-derived char and has a decreased specific surface area. Further, the object of the present invention is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having excellent dedoping capacity, non-dedoping capacity, and charge-discharge efficiency. The object can be solved by a carbonaceous material for non-aqueous electrolyte secondary batteries characterized in that the carbonaceous material is obtained by heat-treating plant-derived char which is demineralized in gas-phase, and carbon precursor or volatile organic compound under a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere; and a specific surface area determined by a BET method is 10 m2/g or less.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a carbonaceous material for a negative electrode for producing a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery capable of rapid charge and discharge and having excellent rate characteristics (output characteristics) while maintaining a large discharge capacity. The problem described above can be solved by a carbonaceous material for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery negative electrode of the present invention obtained by heat-treating a non-graphitizable carbon precursor which is pulverized and contains from 13 to 80 wt. % of a volatile component. With the present invention, it is possible to provide a carbonaceous material for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery negative electrode, whereby a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a large charge-discharge capacity and having excellent rate characteristics can be produced.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which has a large charge/discharge capacity, has a small irreversible capacity, and is capable of effectively using an active material. This object can be achieved by a material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode; a specific surface area determined by a BET method being not greater than 30 m2/g; an atomic ratio (H/C) of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms determined by elemental analysis being not greater than 0.1; an average particle size being not greater than 50 ?m; and a diffraction intensity ratio (R-value) determined by Equation (1) being not greater than 1.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a charge/discharge capacity, and a small irreversible capacity, which is a difference between a doping capacity and a de-doping capacity, and utilizing an active material efficiently, is provided. Such a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be provided by using a carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode of the present invention, a production method of which includes: (1) impregnating an alkali metal to a carbonaceous material precursor by adding a compound including an elemental alkali metal to obtain an alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor; (2) subjecting the alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor to heat treatment by: (a) subjecting the alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor to main heat treatment in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere at a temperature from 800° C. to 1500° C.; wherein a true density is from 1.35 to 1.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a carbonaceous molded article for electrodes having high charge/discharge capacity, high initial charge/discharge efficiency, and excellent cycle life without a polymeric binder. The above object can be achieved by the carbonaceous molded article for electrodes of the present invention comprising a carbon fiber nonwoven fabric, the article having a thickness of not greater than 1 mm, an atomic ratio (H/C) of hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms according to elemental analysis of not greater than 0.1, a porosity determined from a bulk density and a butanol true density of the molded article of 25 to 80%, and a volatile content of not greater than 5.0 wt %.

Abstract: Provided is a less hygroscopic carbonaceous material that is obtained from a plant-derived carbonaceous raw material and that, when used as a negative electrode material for a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery, allows the battery to exhibit good battery characteristics. Provided is a carbonaceous material for negative electrodes of nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries. This carbonaceous material is a particulate carbonaceous material containing carbonaceous particles. The carbonaceous material has a BET specific surface area of 1 m2/g or more and less than 20 m2/g. Each of the carbonaceous particles of the carbonaceous material has a core and a skin covering the core. The core contains a calcined product of a plant-derived carbonaceous raw material. The skin is made of a material that has higher electron emission ability upon irradiation with an electron beam than a material of the core.

Abstract: Provided is a carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode having high discharge capacity per unit volume and excellent storage characteristics. The carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode of the present invention has a true density (?Bt) determined by a pycnometer method using butanol of not less than 1.55 g/cm3 and less than 1.75 g/cm3 and a discharge capacity of an anode at 0.05 V to 1.5 V in terms of a lithium reference electrode standard of not less than 180 mAh/g. Furthermore, the slope 0.9/X (Vg/Ah) of a discharge curve calculated from a discharge capacity X (Ah/g) and a potential difference of 0.9 (V) corresponding to 0.2 V to 1.1 V in terms of a lithium reference electrode standard is not greater than 0.75 (Vg/Ah), and an absorbed moisture quantity after storage for 100 hours in a 25° C. 50% RH air atmosphere is not greater than 1.5 wt %.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a production method for suppressing the deformation of a negative electrode in the production of a negative electrode for an all-solid-state battery using turbostratic carbon and a solid electrolyte. The problem described above can be solved by a production method for a negative electrode for an all-solid-state battery comprising the steps of: (1) coating a carbonaceous material having a true density of from 1.30 g/cm3 to 2.10 g/cm3 determined by a butanol method with a solid electrolyte; and (2) pressure-molding the solid electrolyte-coated carbonaceous material.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide spherical activated carbon exhibiting excellent adsorption ability for uremic substances in the body, and particularly for -aminoisobutyric acid. Accordingly, provided is an orally administered adsorbent comprising spherical activated carbon containing not less than 0.5 wt % of nitrogen atoms, having a specific surface area determined by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method of 700 m2/g to 3000 m2, and having an average particle size from 0.01 to 1 mm.

Abstract: To provide a carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode that yields an anode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having excellent input/output characteristics, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having high discharge capacity per unit volume, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and a vehicle comprising this non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode. The carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode of the present invention has a number average particle size of from 0.1 to 2.0 ?m, a value of a number average particle size divided by a volume average particle size of not greater than 0.3, an average interlayer spacing d002 of an (002) plane determined by X-ray diffraction of from 0.340 to 0.390 nm, and an atomic ratio (H/C) of hydrogen and carbon of not greater than 0.10.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery which has a large charge/discharge capacity, has a small irreversible capacity, and is capable of effectively using an active material. This object can be achieved by a material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode; a specific surface area determined by a BET method being not greater than 30 m2/g; an atomic ratio (H/C) of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms determined by elemental analysis being not greater than 0.1; an average particle size being not greater than 50 ?m; and a diffraction intensity ratio (R-value) determined by Equation (1) being not greater than 1.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that has a large charge/discharge capacity, has a small irreversible capacity, which is the difference between the doping capacity and the de-doping capacity, and is capable of effectively using an active material. The problem described above can be solved by a method for producing a carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode, the method including: (1) an alkali metal compound impregnating step of adding an elemental alkali metal or a compound containing an elemental alkali metal to a carbonaceous precursor to obtain an alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor; (2) a heat treatment step of: (a) obtaining a heat-treated product by performing main heat treatment on the alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor at 800° C. to 1500° C.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having a charge/discharge capacity, and a small irreversible capacity, which is a difference between a doping capacity and a de-doping capacity, and utilizing an active material efficiently, is provided. Such a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery can be provided by using a carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode of the present invention, a production method of which includes: (1) impregnating an alkali metal to a carbonaceous material precursor by adding a compound including an elemental alkali metal to obtain an alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor; (2) subjecting the alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor to heat treatment by: (a) subjecting the alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor to main heat treatment in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere at a temperature from 800° C. to 1500° C.; wherein a true density is from 1.35 to 1.

Abstract: A carbonaceous material for a negative electrode of a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery with high energy density relative to volume and excellent cycle characteristics is provided. The negative electrode material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery of the present invention includes a carbon material mixture including, as an active material, a plurality of non-graphitic carbon materials. The carbon material mixture has a true density (?Bt) determined by a pycnometer method using butanol of 1.60 g/cm3 or greater and 2.05 g/cm3 or less, an atom ratio (H/C) of hydrogen atoms to carbon atoms determined by elemental analysis of 0.10 or less, and a discharge capacity at from 0 to 0.1 V based on a lithium reference electrode of 80 mAh/g or greater and 230 mAh/g or less.

Abstract: To provide a carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode that yields an anode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having excellent input/output characteristics, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having high discharge capacity per unit volume, and a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and a vehicle comprising this non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode. The carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode of the present invention has a number average particle size of from 0.1 to 2.0 ?m, a value of a number average particle size divided by a volume average particle size of not greater than 0.3, an average interlayer spacing d002 of an (002) plane determined by X-ray diffraction of from 0.340 to 0.390 nm, and an atomic ratio (H/C) of hydrogen and carbon of not greater than 0.10.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an orally administered adsorbent capable of adsorbing large quantities of tryptophan or indoxyl sulfate in the presence of bile acid. Accordingly, the above object can be solved by an orally administered adsorbent characterized by containing surface-modified spherical activated carbon having bulk density from 0.30 g/mL to 0.46 g/mL, a specific surface area determined by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method of not less than 1900 m2/g, total acidic group content from 0.30 meq/g to 1.20 meq/g, and total basic group content from 0.20 meq/g to 0.9 meq/g.