Abstract: The present invention provides a cosmetic composition having excellent application feeling and a transparency while maintaining covering power. The cosmetic composition comprises (a) composite particles obtained by allowing at least two kinds of particles having different shapes and particle diameters to contact at least one kind of polymer compounds selected from fluorinated polymer compounds, silicone polymer compounds, and mixture thereof in the presence of supercritical carbon dioxide, and (b) cosmetic components.

Abstract: A process for preparing composite particles having a coating of an organic compound on their surfaces, comprising the steps of (a) dissolving an organic compound in supercritical carbon dioxide to give an organic compound solution; (b) contacting particles which do not dissolve in the supercritical carbon dioxide with the organic compound solution in a vessel; and (c) reducing the internal pressure of the vessel at an internal temperature of not less than the critical temperature of carbon dioxide. The composite particles have controlled properties such as water repellency, oil repellency, optical properties, ultraviolet shielding ability, texture, safety, activity, color tone, stability of dispersion and weatherproof, which can be suitably used for paints, ink-jet ink and cosmetics, and the composite particles obtained.

Abstract: In a CMOS level shifting circuit including N-channel transistors that have sources to which a digital signal is supplied, a bias voltage Vref is supplied to gates of the N-channel transistors, and the bias voltage Vref is set to be higher than a high level voltage of the digital signal and lower than a value obtained by adding a threshold voltage of the N-channel transistors to the high level voltage of the digital signal. Thus, a level shifting circuit is provided that is capable of outputting a signal having subjected to stable level conversion, even when a voltage level of a low voltage signal is lowered.

Abstract: Two NMOS transistors and two PMOS transistors are provided on a substrate. Power supply lines VDD and VSS connected to the transistors are provided in the second wiring layer. A metal line is provided in the third wiring layer, which is the uppermost wiring layer, and the pad is connected to the metal line. Even when the width of the metal line is increased so as to increase the acceptable current capacity thereof, it is possible to keep the wiring area ratio of the first wiring layer in the I/O region at a low level. Thus, it is possible to suppress the global step between the I/O region and the central region of the chip.

Abstract: In a level shifter including a latch consisting of two p-channel transistors P1 and P2, when an input signal at a terminal IN changes from H- into L-level, an n-channel transistor N2 turns ON, thereby dropping a potential level at a node W2. However, since a p-channel transistor P4 is OFF, no short-circuit current flows from a high voltage supply VDD3 into the ground by way of the transistors P2 and N2. On the other hand, since n- and p-channel transistors N1 and P3 are OFF, both terminals of a node W1 are electrically isolated. But the high voltage supply VDD3 pulls the node W1 up to a high voltage level by way of the p-channel transistors P4 and P1 and another p-channel transistor P5 as a resistor. Accordingly, the capacitance to be driven by the n-channel transistors N1 and N2 can be reduced, thus shortening the delay.

Abstract: A process for preparing composite particles comprising particles and an organic compound in a vessel, comprising the steps of (a) contacting particles with an organic compound in the presence of supercritical carbon dioxide or liquefied carbon dioxide in the vessel; and (b) reducing the internal pressure of the vessel. The composite particles have controlled properties such as water repellency, oil repellency, optical properties, ultraviolet shielding ability, texture, safety, activity, color tone, stability of dispersion and weatherproof, which can be suitably used for paints, ink-jet ink and cosmetics, and the composite particles obtained.

Abstract: Two NMOS transistors and two PMOS transistors are provided on a substrate. Power supply lines VDD and VSS connected to the transistors are provided in the second wiring layer. A metal line is provided in the third wiring layer, which is the uppermost wiring layer, and the pad is connected to the metal line. Even when the width of the metal line is increased so as to increase the acceptable current capacity thereof, it is possible to keep the wiring area ratio of the first wiring layer in the I/O region at a low level. Thus, it is possible to suppress the global step between the I/O region and the central region of the chip.

Abstract: In a level shifter including a latch consisting of two p-channel transistors P1 and P2, when an input signal at a terminal IN changes from H- into L-level, an n-channel transistor N2 turns ON, thereby dropping a potential level at a node W2. However, since a p-channel transistor P4 is OFF, no short-circuit current flows from a high voltage supply VDD3 into the ground by way of the transistors P2 and N2. On the other hand, since n- and p-channel transistors N1 and P3 are OFF, both terminals of a node W1 are electrically isolated. But the high voltage supply VDD3 pulls the node W1 up to a high voltage level by way of the p-channel transistors P4 and P1 and another p-channel transistor P5 as a resistor. Accordingly, the capacitance to be driven by the n-channel transistors N1 and N2 can be reduced, thus shortening the delay.

Abstract: To provide a method for purification of the ionic polymer compound comprising efficiently removing low-molecular impurities, for example, ionic remaining monomers, which are charged identically to the ionic polymer compound from the ionic polymer compound in a shorter period of time. A method for purification of an ionic polymer compound, characterized by removing low-molecular impurities, such as ionic remaining monomers, by the use of an ultrafiltration membrane and/or a reverse osmosis membrane from an aqueous solution containing the ionic polymer compound and low-molecular impurities which are charged identically to the ionic polymer compound, under conditions that a concentration of the ionic polymer compound is from 7 to 20% by weight, and that an amount of charges of the ionic polymer compound in the aqueous solution is 0.30 gram-equivalent/liter or more.