Abstract: A method for converting a sequence of scan-only film captured images into a sequence of modified images that provide the appearance of images captured by a photographic film reproduction system; the photographic film reproduction system being includes photographic motion picture negative film printed onto a motion picture print film that is displayed, or a reversal motion picture system in which the reversal film is displayed, or a photographic motion picture film electro-optically scanned to standard format video by a telecine and further displayed, or a photographic motion picture film electro-optically scanned by a scanner suitable for producing digital data intended for additional digital image manipulation and further preparation as a digital master for electronic distribution such as digital theatrical projection or various types of broadcast video; or recorded out to another photographic film to be used as a printing master for producing distribution optical prints for theatrical projection.

Abstract: The invention relates to a structurally simple and hence economical fuel filter, in particular a diesel filter, having at least one fuel inlet, at least one fuel outlet, water separator means, at least one sump, a water outlet associated with the sump, and control means for the water outlet, in which the water to be drained out is cleaned by means for separating out contaminants, so that this water can be given off to the environment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a control module for fluid control in injection systems, having a valve body (2) in which valve needles (6, 24) of control valves (5, 17) are received. With these control valves (5, 17), the pressure buildup or pressure relief of control chambers (30) or nozzle chambers of injectors can be varied. The control valves (5, 17) in the valve body (2) are electromagnetically actuatable, and magnet coils are received in recesses (9, 20) of insert elements (19, 32) or in recesses (9) in the valve body itself.

Abstract: A valve assembly is disclosed which partitions a conventional syringe into proximal and distal chambers to provide a multi-chamber, sequentially dispensing syringe apparatus. Incorporated in the valve assembly is a valved stopper having a valve (e.g. a slit valve) and a separator which filters out gas from liquid being dispensed through the valve assembly. A syringe plunger communicates through fluid in the proximal chamber to force displacement of the valve assembly. The valve is actuated by differential pressure of a force greater than the valve assembly displacement force. The valve assembly may be made from two parts: (1) a valved stopper (may be molded from basic syringe plunger material); (2) a separator (may be injection molded from syringe barrel material).

Abstract: A film-based image capture and processing system for producing preferred film-based image looks that include a scan-only film having reproduction contrast that increases scanning signal-to-noise ratio subject to digitization bit-depth limitations to obtain additional scene exposure differentiation. In addition, a chemical processing subsystem for developing latent images, as a result of image capture, on the scan-only film is includes as are a scanner for providing a wide gamut digital image record; and an image processor for modifying film image attributes to digitized images from the scanner.

Abstract: A method for converting a sequence of electronically captured images into a sequence of modified images for providing the appearance of images captured by a film reproduction system. The film reproduction system being includes motion picture negative film printed onto a motion picture print film that is displayed, or a reversal motion picture system in which the reversal film is displayed, or a motion picture film electro-optically scanned to standard format video by a telecine and further displayed, or a motion picture film electro-optically scanned by a scanner suitable for producing digital data intended for additional digital image manipulation. A digital master is prepared from the aforementioned film formats for electronic distribution or recording out to another film to be used as a printing master for producing distribution optical prints for theatrical projection.

Abstract: A fuel injector for fuel injection systems in internal combustion engines. The injector includes a housing in which valves arranged in series are accommodated. One of the valves is actuated by an actuator assigned to the injector. Each of the valves is assigned a controllable control space, each having one inlet. The valves are designed as inwardly opening valves. One of the valves, which may be actuated by the actuator, acts by way of a spring package upon the other of the valves, which is under prestress by a first spring element.

Abstract: In processing a digital image to provide a desired grain appearance, a noise table is formed that represents noise magnitude vs. intensity of the image. A plurality of potential image processing paths are provided. Each path has one or more image transforms. The noise table is modified according to the image transforms in the respective image processing paths to provide a plurality of output noise tables. Noise metrics are generated from each of the output noise tables. The noise metrics each represent the appearance of the image processed by the respective image processing path. An input is then accepted designating one of the paths. The image is processed according to the designated image processing path to provide an output image having desired noise.

Abstract: A method for limiting the maximum allowable operating pressure at a cam-driven injection component, which component is actuatable by a magnet valve assembly. After assembly a magnet valve it is operated at a pressure source in the context of a function test, and at least one operating parameter defining a critical operating state is ascertained at which the valve just barely opens in response to a hydraulic force F3. The operating parameter ascertained is delivered to the respective magnet valve assembly and is written into a function control unit for individual triggering of each magnet valve assembly with its own operating parameter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a 3/2-way valve for controlling the injection of fuel in a common rail injection system of an internal combustion engine, having a first switching position, in which an injection nozzle is in communication with a fuel return, and having a second switching position, in which the injection nozzle is in communication with a high-pressure fuel reservoir. To improve the function and quality of the injection, the 3/2-way valve includes a force-balanced control piston, and the control edge of the control piston is pressure-equalized by means of a blind bore.

Abstract: The valve having a valve member guided displaceably in the direction of its longitudinal axis protrudes into a valve pressure chamber and has a sealing face extending transversely to axis, has a sealing face, which it cooperates with a valve seat, extending transversely to axis, for at least extensively closing off an opening, surrounded by the valve seat, from the valve pressure chamber. The sealing face is surrounded by an annular face, which when the valve member rests on the valve seat is disposed at a slight spacing from the valve seat. The valve member has a plurality of apertures, distributed over its circumference, through which the opening communicates with the valve pressure chamber when the valve member is resting on the valve seat.

Abstract: A magnet system having a magnet coil surrounded by a magnet pot is provided, the magnet coil being electrically connected to contact prongs, an interspace being formed between the outside of the magnet coil and the inside of the magnet pot, in which interspace a free-flowing compound is cast. The magnet coil is surrounded by a thin-walled coil insulating frame on which tubular contact guide elements are integrally molded. The thin-walled coil insulating frame is made of a thermally stable plastic material mixed with mineral fillers.

Abstract: A magnet system having a magnet coil (41) surrounded by a magnet pot (40), the magnet coil (41) being electrically connected to contact prongs (32), an interspace being formed between the outside of the magnet coil (41) and the inside of the magnet pot (40), in which interspace a free-flowing compound is cast. The magnet coil (41) is surrounded by a thin-walled coil insulating frame (1, 20, 30) on which tubular contact guide elements (6, 7) are integrally molded. The thin-walled coil insulating frame (1, 20, 30) is made of a thermally stable plastic material mixed with mineral fillers.

Abstract: The valve having a valve member guided displaceably in the direction of its longitudinal axis protrudes into a valve pressure chamber and has a sealing face extending transversely to axis, has a sealing face, which it cooperates with a valve seat, extending transversely to axis, for at least extensively closing off an opening, surrounded by the valve seat, from the valve pressure chamber. The sealing face is surrounded by an annular face, which when the valve member rests on the valve seat is disposed at a slight spacing from the valve seat. The valve member has a plurality of apertures, distributed over its circumference, through which the opening communicates with the valve pressure chamber when the valve member is resting on the valve seat.

Abstract: A method for limiting the maximum allowable operating pressure at a cam-driven injection component, which component is actuatable by a magnet valve assembly. After assembly a magnet valve it is operated at a pressure source in the context of a function test, and at least one operating parameter defining a critical operating state is ascertained at which the valve just barely opens in response to a hydraulic force F3. The operating parameter ascertained is delivered to the respective magnet valve assembly and is written into a function control unit for individual triggering of each magnet valve assembly with its own operating parameter.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for shaping the injection pressure course (27) in injectors, which are used for instance in injection devices of injection systems in motor vehicles. The injection device includes a pump part (1) and an injection nozzle part (2). The pump part (1) and injection nozzle part (2) communicate with one another via a high-pressure line (3). Control valves (8, 10) which are triggered by means of an actuator (9) are contained in the pump part (1). By the triggering by means of the actuator (9), injection parameters during the preinjection phase (28), pressure buildup phase (29) and main injection phase (30) are determined.

Abstract: The fuel injection apparatus has one fuel pump for each cylinder, which has a pump piston, driven by the engine, that defines a pump work chamber, which communicates via a line with a fuel injection valve, disposed on the engine separately from the fuel pump, which valve has an injection valve member, by which at least one injection opening is controlled, and which is movable in the opening direction, counter to a closing force, by the pressure generated in the pump work chamber; a first electrically triggered control valve controls a communication of the line with a relief chamber. A second electrically triggered control valve is also disposed on the fuel injection valve and controls the pressure prevailing in a control pressure chamber of the fuel injection valve, which pressure urges the injection valve member in the closing direction.

Abstract: The fuel injection apparatus has one fuel pump for each cylinder of the engine, which pump has a pump piston, driven by the engine in a reciprocating motion, that defines a pump work chamber, which communicates via a line with a fuel injection valve, disposed on the engine separately from the fuel pump, which valve has an injection valve member, by which at least one injection opening is controlled, and which is movable in the opening direction, counter to a closing force, by the pressure generated in the pump work chamber, and at least one first electrically triggered control valve is provided, by which a communication of the pump work chamber with a relief chamber is controlled, and which is disposed near the fuel pump.

Abstract: The fuel injection apparatus for internal combustion engines has one fuel pump for each cylinder of the engine, which pump has a pump piston, driven by the engine in a reciprocating motion, that defines a pump work chamber to which fuel is delivered from a fuel tank and which communicates with a fuel injection valve that has an injection valve member by which at least one injection opening is controlled and which is movable in an opening direction counter to a closing force by the pressure generated in the pump work chamber, by means of a first electrically controlled control valve, a communication of the pump work chamber with a diversion chamber is controlled, and by means of a second electrically controlled control valve, the pressure prevailing in a control pressure chamber of the fuel injection valve is controlled, by which the injection valve member is urged at least indirectly in the closing direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for injecting fuel, which is at high pressure, into air-compressing internal combustion engines employing an injection system which includes a compressor unit for compressing fuel and containing an actuating device for control valves with which device the nozzle needle of an injector is controlled. One of the two control valves is triggered multiple times or in clocked fashion via a piezoelectric actuator during individual injection phases or during the injection cycle.