Abstract: Methods of encoding and decoding for video data are described for encoding or decoding multi-level significance maps whilst enabling pipelining of the BAC engine. In one example, coefficient groups are redefined to remove the significant-coefficient flags of the first and last position of a block and replace them with significant-coefficient flags of the last position in the previous block and the first position in the next block. A modified scan order is applied to each coefficient group. In another example, the coefficient groups remain block-based, but the scan order is modified to interleave the encoding and decoding sequential coefficient groups.

Abstract: Methods of encoding and decoding for video data are described for encoding or decoding multi-level significance maps. Distinct context sets may be used for encoding the significant-coefficient flags in different regions of the transform unit. In a fixed case, the regions are defined by coefficient group borders. In one example, the upper-left coefficient group is a first region and the other coefficient groups are a second region. In a dynamic case, the regions are defined by coefficient group borders, but the encoder and decoder dynamically determine in which region each coefficient group belongs. Coefficient groups may be assigned to one region or another based on, for example, whether their respective significant-coefficient-group flags were inferred or not.

Abstract: Methods of encoding and decoding for video data are described for encoding or decoding coefficients for a transform unit. In particular, the significant-coefficient flags for a coefficient group are encoded and decoded based upon a context determination, and the context is determined based upon the values of neighboring flags. The neighborhood used to determine the context varies depending on whether the significant-coefficient flag to be encoded or decoded is in the right column or bottom row of the coefficient group or not. If it is in the right column or bottom row one of the alternative context neighborhoods is used to avoid relying on significant-coefficient flags in other coefficient groups except for the flags immediately adjacent the right border and bottom border of the coefficient group, and the flag diagonally to the lower-right.

Abstract: Methods of encoding and decoding for video data are described in which multi-level significance maps are used in the encoding and decoding processes. The significant-coefficient flags that form the significance map are grouped into contiguous groups, and a significant-coefficient-group flag signifies for each group whether that group contains no non-zero significant-coefficient flags. A multi-level scan order may be used in which significant-coefficient flags are scanned group-by-group. The group scan order specifies the order in which the groups are processed, and the scan order specifies the order in which individual significant-coefficient flags within the group are processed. The bitstream may interleave the significant-coefficient-group flags and their corresponding significant-coefficient flags, if any.

Abstract: An assembly includes an electronic device having depressible controls and a navigation button which is positioned over the electronic device. The navigation button has a central portion, and directional lobes extending from the central portion. The navigation button initially resides in a non-pivoting orientation in which none of the depressible controls are actuated. The navigation button (i) pivots about a first axis in response to depression of a first directional lobe to actuate a first depressible control of the electronic device without actuating a second depressible control of the electronic device, and (ii) pivots about a second axis in response to depression of a second directional lobe to actuate the second depressible control of the electronic device without actuating the first depressible control of the electronic device. Each of the first axis and the second axis is offset from a midpoint of the navigation button.

Abstract: Methods of encoding and decoding for video data are described in which multi-level significance maps are used in the encoding and decoding processes. The significant-coefficient flags that form the significance map are grouped into contiguous groups, and a significant-coefficient-group flag signifies for each group whether that group contains no non-zero significant-coefficient flags. If there are no non-zero significant-coefficient flags in the group, then the significant-coefficient-group flag is set to zero. The set of significant-coefficient-group flags is encoded in the bitstream. Any significant-coefficient flags that fall within a group that has a significant-coefficient-group flag that is non-zero are encoded in the bitstream, whereas significant-coefficient flags that fall within a group that has a significant-coefficient-group flag that is zero are not encoded in the bitstream.

Abstract: A cooling fan with dual rotation directions includes a fan frame unit, a driving control unit and an impeller. The fan frame unit has an air channel having first and second air-guiding openings on two sides of the air channel. A base is disposed between the first and second air-guiding openings. A first stationary blade unit is disposed at the first air-guiding opening and a second stationary blade unit is disposed at the second air-guiding opening. The driving control unit has a stator, a driving circuit and a rotation direction control circuit, wherein the stator is disposed on the base of the fan frame unit and the driving circuit is electrically connected to the stator and the rotation direction control circuit. The impeller is rotatably coupled with the stator of the driving control unit.

Abstract: A fan device with improved speed control module includes a stator, a rotor, and a speed control module. The stator has a driving unit outputting currents for the stator to generate alternative magnetic fields and thus turn the rotor. The speed control module includes a control unit and a speed adjusting circuit, with the control unit generating a control command for the driving unit and further outputting a state signal for the speed adjusting circuit to control whether a PWM signal enters the control circuit or not.

Abstract: An assembly includes an electronic device having depressible controls and a navigation button which is positioned over the electronic device. The navigation button has a central portion, and directional lobes extending from the central portion. The navigation button initially resides in a non-pivoting orientation in which none of the depressible controls are actuated. The navigation button (i) pivots about a first axis in response to depression of a first directional lobe to actuate a first depressible control of the electronic device without actuating a second depressible control of the electronic device, and (ii) pivots about a second axis in response to depression of a second directional lobe to actuate the second depressible control of the electronic device without actuating the first depressible control of the electronic device. Each of the first axis and the second axis is offset from a midpoint of the navigation button.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transmitting a multimedia stream over a communication link on a network are disclosed. The systems and methods adaptively adjust encoding parameters based on monitoring changing conditions of the network. A transmitter includes an adaptive-rate encoder that adaptively adjusts a video encoding bit rate in response to changing conditions of the communication link. The encoder maintains tight rate control by utilizing slice processing and sub-frame rate adaptation, as well as maintaining a headroom between the channel bit rate and the video encoding bit rate. The adaptive-rate encoder also embeds intra-frame constraints in predictive frames traffic in order to reduce latency.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transmitting a multimedia stream are disclosed. A transmitter encodes audio data, video data, and control information received from a source and transmits over a network the different types of data to a receiver coupled to a display. The systems and methods utilize different network queues for the different types of traffic in order to account for differences in quality of service (QoS) parameters. The systems and methods adaptively adjust encoding and transmission parameters based on monitoring changing conditions of the network.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for generating side information for grammar-based data compression systems, such as YK compression systems, is described. An admissible grammar (G) for an input sequence (A(s0)) having a finite set of terminal symbols is obtained. A graph representation of the admissible grammar (G) is then constructed. An edge having a lowest weight (expansion frequency) is then pruned from the graph representation to generate a pruned graph representation. A pruned grammar (G?) is then derived by removing the occurrence corresponding to the pruned edge from the grammar G and the starting variable (s0,i) of the pruned grammar (Gi) is then expanded to generate the side information.

Abstract: An electronic system includes a chassis defining a substantially plane-shaped cavity. The chassis is arranged to contain an air stream (e.g., provided by a cooling subsystem) which flows from an air intake side of the chassis to an air exhaust side of the chassis through the substantially plane-shaped cavity. The air intake side of the chassis is opposite the air exhaust side of the chassis. The electronic system further includes a jacket circuit board disposed within the plane-shaped cavity, and a set of pluggable electronic modules. The jacket circuit board is oriented within the plane-shaped cavity to receive cooling from the air stream. Each pluggable electronic module is arranged to (i) electronically connect to the jacket circuit board through a front of the chassis and (ii) define a supplemental ventilation port through which air passes to augment the air stream.

Abstract: An electronic system includes a chassis defining a substantially plane-shaped cavity. The chassis is arranged to contain an air stream (e.g., provided by a cooling subsystem) which flows from an air intake side of the chassis to an air exhaust side of the chassis through the substantially plane-shaped cavity. The air intake side of the chassis is opposite the air exhaust side of the chassis. The electronic system further includes a jacket circuit board disposed within the plane-shaped cavity, and a set of pluggable electronic modules. The jacket circuit board is oriented within the plane-shaped cavity to receive cooling from the air stream. Each pluggable electronic module is arranged to (i) electronically connect to the jacket circuit board through a front of the chassis and (ii) define a supplemental ventilation port through which air passes to augment the air stream.

Abstract: A process for fabricating ohmic contacts in a field-effect transistor includes the steps of: thinning a semiconductor layer forming recessed portions in the semiconductor layer; depositing ohmic contact over the recessed portions; and heating the deposited ohmic contacts. The field-effect transistor comprises a layered semiconductor structure which includes a first group III nitride compound semiconductor layer doped with a charge carrier, and a second group III nitride compound semiconductor layer positioned below the first layer, to generate an electron gas in the structure. After the heating step the ohmic contacts communicate with the electron gas. As a result, an excellent ohmic contact to the channel of the transistor is obtained.

Abstract: An intraocular lens for insertion into a capsular bag in order to focus incoming light toward a retina and process for manufacturing thereof along with concomitant reduced glare and improved vision provides for a center lens portion of a lens for focusing incoming light toward the retina and the surrounding lens portion for mounting the lens within the capsular bag. A surface roughness disposed on the surrounding lens portion is provided for reducing the glare due to non-focused light directed toward the retina from the intraocular lens with the roughness having a roughness level of between about Ra 45 and about Ra 350.

Abstract: A guide device receives and engages a cutout in a distal pin-bearing edge of a printed circuit board for aligning pins with pin sockets. The alignment device includes a web, sized and shaped to be received in a circuit board cutout and a shelf surface for engaging a part of a major surface of the circuit board, to provide for biaxial guidance during board insertion. By positioning guide devices and circuit board cutouts in different locations, for different circuit boards, insertion of circuit boards in an incorrect slot or location is avoided.

Abstract: A carboxylic acid, its salts, esters and derivatives, in which the hydrogen atoms have been replaced, partly or entirely, by deuterium has an antimycotic effect, probably because the fungi cannot metabolize the deuteriated substance. The deuteriated substances can be used for treating living plants, seeds and wood against the attack of destructive fungi, and for curing pathogenic infections of fungi in humans and animals.