Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing crystalline trans-N-[1-(2-fluorophenyl)-S-pyrazoly]-3-ox-ospiro[6-azaisobenzofuran-1(3H),1?-cyclohexane]-4?-carboxamide and novel salts, hydrates and polymorphs thereof.

Abstract: A method of exchanging a halogen atom of a halide, which has a group containing an acidic proton and in which one or more halogen atom(s) is/are substituted on a carbon atom of the carbon-carbon double bond, with a metal atom by halogen-metal-exchange reaction and introducing an electrophilic reagent into the carbon atom to which the metal atom is attached. The above method is an industrially excellent method of introducing a substituent by halogen-metal exchange reaction.

Abstract: A pressure switch includes a switch housing which has an accommodation bore extending inward from one end of the switch housing, and a slide bore extending between the accommodation bore and the other end of the switch housing. A piston is slidably disposed within the slide bore and is adapted to receive a pressure. A terminal serving as one electric contact is fixed to the accommodation bore via a holding ring made of an insulating material. A disk spring serving as the other electric contact is disposed between the piston and the terminal. The disk spring deforms due to a pressing force of the piston and comes in contact with the terminal. The pressure switch further comprises an annular elastic ring placed on the outer end of the holding ring. An end portion of the switch housing is deformed inward so as to elastically deform the elastic ring, thereby sealing the opening portion of the accommodation bore.