Abstract: To provide a photo-interrupter which can anchor a light-emitting device and a light-receiving device to a concave case in an expensive configuration.

Abstract: The present invention provides a ferrite-based spheroidal graphite cast iron containing the following elements in the following contents in % by weight: C: 3.1 to 4.0%; Si: 3.6 to 4.6%; Mo: 0.3 to 1.0%; V: 0.1 to 1.0%; Mn: 0.15 to 1.6%; and Mg: 0.02 to 0.10%, and the total content of V and Mn is 0.3 to 2.0 wt %, and an exhaust system component using the spheroidal graphite cast iron. Thus, the ferrite-based spheroidal graphite cast iron having higher heat resistance than that of a conventional high Si spheroidal graphite cast iron that can be produced inexpensively by a simple method.

Abstract: The semiconductor device (A) comprises a semiconductor chip (3), a protective package (4) covering the semiconductor chip (3), a first lead (1), and a second lead (2). The semiconductor chip (3) is placed at an inner end (10a) of the first lead (1). Further, the semiconductor chip (3) is connected to an inner end (20a) of the second lead (2) via a wire (W). The first lead (1) includes an outer portion (11) extending out of the protective package (4) whereas the second lead (2) includes an outer portion (21) extending out of the protective package (4). These two outer portions (11, 21) are flat.

Abstract: A method of testing the assembled state of an internal combustion engine and quickly and accurately judging whether there is at least one fault with the assembling of the engine. While an exhaust-valve side space is closed and a crank shaft is rotated at a constant speed, the pressure in the exhaust-valve side space and the pressure in a surge tank are detected by pressure sensors, respectively. The assembled state of an engine is tested based on the predetermined conditions of the detected two pressures. Those predetermined conditions may be the crank-shaft angles when the two pressures take respective maximal values, the crank-shaft angles when the two pressures change from their constant states to their increasing or decreasing states, etc. Based on those values, incorrect phases of crank and cam pulleys, incorrect clearances of intake and exhaust valves, missing of a compression ring, etc. can be identified.

Abstract: A titanium alloy includes at least one alloying element whose molybdenum equivalent “Moeq” is from 3 to 11% by mass, at least one interstitial solution element selected from the group consisting of O, N and C in an amount of from 0.3 to 3% by mass, and the balance of Ti, when the entirety is taken as 100% by mass. Its content of Al is controlled to 1.8% by mass or less, and it is &bgr; single phase at room temperature at least.

Abstract: An ordered card manufacturing system includes a transmitting equipment reads and transmit an application form; a receiving equipment receives application information from the transmitting equipment; a management server including a database for image data which manages an image code corresponding to specific image patterns including a design and a pattern arranged on an ordered card; a customer database; and an order management database which manages a data for transmission replaced image pattern data to the image code after creating a layout data which manufactured the layout of the ordered card based on the information from a customer; a manufacture terminal for the ordered card installed into the management server connectably; a terminal for printing connected to the management server, having the database for image data and means for checking, receiving a data for transmission from the order management database of the management server and displaying a printing layout picture based on a layout data which is

Abstract: To provide a photo-interrupter which can anchor a light-emitting device and a light-receiving device to a concave case in an expensive configuration. The photo-interrupter (1) includes a light-emitting device (6) and a light-receiving device (7) each with a lens projected forward being housed oppositely to each other within an concave case (2) of an opaque resin mold. The sides of the lenses (6a) and (7a) of the light-emitting device (6) and the light-receiving device (7) are secured onto the end faces 5x and 5y of openings (5a) and (5b) formed on the opposite inner surfaces of the case (2). The left and right outer surfaces (2x) and (2y) of the case (2) are bent to form pressing portions (2u) and (2v) The backs of the light-emitting device (6) and the light-receiving device (7) are pressed by the pressing portions so that they are anchored to the case (2).

Abstract: A semiconductor device (A) includes a first lead (4) to which a semiconductor chip (1) is bonded, a second lead (5) connected to the semiconductor chip (1) via a wire (W), and a resin package (2) sealing the semiconductor chip (1) and the wire (W). Of the first and the second leads (4, 5), at least one of inner terminals (4a, 5b) enclosed in the resin package (2) is bent in a direction of a thickness of the resin package (2).

Abstract: A reflection sensor (1) for detecting presence of a detection object is provided. The reflection sensor comprises a light emitting element (31), a light receiving element (32) cooperative with the light emitting element, a first resin body (21) enclosing the light emitting element and including a first surface and a second surface away from the first surface, a second resin body (22) enclosing the light receiving element and including a third surface and a fourth surface away from the third surface, and a third resin body (25) holding the first and the second resin bodies. The reflection sensor further comprises a first pair of leads (5a, 5b) electrically connected to the light emitting element via a wire (4a) for example, and a second pair of leads (5c, 5d) electrically connected to the light receiving element via another wire (4b) for example. The leads of the first pair and the second pair extend out of one side surface (2a) or another side surface (2b) of the third resin body.

Abstract: A method of testing the assembled state of an internal combustion engine and quickly and accurately judging whether there is at least one fault with the assembling of the engine. While an exhaust-valve side space (100) is closed and a crank shaft (18) is rotated at a constant speed, the pressure in the exhaust-valve side space and the pressure in a surge tank (96) are detected by pressure sensors (106, 98), respectively. The assembled state of an engine (90) is tested based on the predetermined conditions of the detected two pressures. Those predetermined conditions may be the crank-shaft angles when the two pressures take respective maximal values, the crank-shaft angles when the two pressures change from their constant states to their increasing or decreasing states, etc. Based on those values, incorrect phases of crank and cam pulleys, incorrect clerances of intake and exhaust valves, missing of a compression ring, etc. can be identified.

Abstract: A light-emitting unit includes an LED, a lead on which the LED is mounted, and a transparent protector covering the LED. The lead is formed with a dent to accommodate the LED. The dent includes a bottom surface to which the LED is attached and a side surface extending from the bottom surface in a flaring manner. The side surface of the dent is formed with at least one opening so that it avoids encircling the LED completely.

Abstract: A semiconductor device (X1) including a semiconductor chip (3), a first lead (1) connected to an electrode of the semiconductor chip (3), a second lead (2) connected to another electrode of the semiconductor chip (3), and a resin package (4) sealing the semiconductor chip (3), an inner terminal (10) of the first lead (1), and an inner terminal (20) of the second lead (2). The resin package (4) includes a first to a fourth side surfaces (41-44), an upper surface (47) and a bottom surface (45). Each of the first and the second leads (1, 2) includes at least one outer terminal (11, 21) extending along the first side surface (41) and the bottom surface (45) of the resin package (4).

Abstract: A method of testing the assembled state of an internal combustion engine and quickly and accurately judging whether there is at least one fault with the assembling of the engine. While an exhaust-valve side space is closed and a crank shaft is rotated at a constant speed, the pressure in the exhaust-valve side space and the pressure in a surge tank are detected by pressure sensors, respectively. The assembled state of an engine is tested based on the predetermined conditions of the detected two pressures. Those predetermined conditions may be the crank-shaft angles when the two pressures take respective maximal values, the crank-shaft angles when the two pressures change from their constant states to their increasing or decreasing states, etc. Based on those values, incorrect phases of crank and cam pulleys, incorrect clerances of intake and exhaust valves, missing of a compression ring, etc. can be identified.

Abstract: A light-emitting unit includes an LED, a lead on which the LED is mounted, and a transparent protector covering the LED. The lead is formed with a dent to accommodate the LED. The dent includes a bottom surface to which the LED is attached and a side surface extending from the bottom surface in a flaring manner. The side surface of the dent is formed with at least one opening so that it avoids encircling the LED completely.

Abstract: An illuminance sensor chip includes a first semiconductor layer, and a second semiconductor layer joined to the first semiconductor layer. When light is incident on the junction between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer, the sensor chip outputs an electric signal in accordance with an amount of light incident on the junction. The thickness D of the second semiconductor layer is set to 2-4 &mgr;m for example so that the peak sensitivity wavelength in the spectral sensitivity characteristics lies in a visible light wavelength range. An illuminance sensor further includes, besides the above-described illuminance sensor chip, an additional illuminance sensor chip which is identical or generally identical to the first-mentioned illuminance sensor chip in spectral sensitivity characteristics. The additional illuminance sensor chip is provided with a visible light shielding portion for absorbing visible light.

Abstract: In a method for verifying the accuracy of hybridization experiments in which a plurality of probe biopolymers are hybridized to sample biopolymers, information concerning the hybridization level for each of the probe biopolymers obtained from the hybridization experiment is displayed together with similarity scores representing the similarities between base sequences of the respective probe biopolymers.

Abstract: An optical semiconductor device for surface mounting includes a semiconductor chip having a light emitting function or a light receiving function and two electrodes of the semiconductor chip sealed into a light-permeable resin package. The electrodes have tip surfaces externally exposed from the sides at the four corners of the resin package. The tip surfaces 4 of the electrodes are located on only the sides 4a of the resin package, but not located on the bottom thereof. In this configuration, when the optical semiconductor device for surface mounting is arranged on the solder paste on a board, its stand-up due to the contraction of the solder paste after the reflow can be avoided.

Abstract: A method of testing the assembled state of an internal combustion engine and quickly and accurately judging whether there is at least one fault with the assembling of the engine. While an exhaust-valve side space (100) is closed and a crank shaft (18) is rotated at a constant speed, the pressure in the exhaust-valve side space and the pressure in a surge tank (96) are detected by pressure sensors (106, 98), respectively. The assembled state of an engine (90) is tested based on the predetermined conditions of the detected two pressures. Those predetermined conditions may be the crank-shaft angles when the two pressures take respective maximal values, the crank-shaft angles when the two pressures change from their constant states to their increasing or decreasing states, etc. Based on those values, incorrect phases of crank and cam pulleys, incorrect clerances of intake and exhaust valves, missing of a compression ring, etc. can be identified.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for inspecting a spark plug as installed in an engine, for an abnormal size of a discharge gap and cracking of porcelain, based on a shape parameter value Sn (=Vn/Tn) calculated from a voltage parameter value Vn which is an average of primary voltage V1 during a period of substantially inductive discharge, and a time parameter value Tn indicative of the period of the substantially inductive discharge. The inspection for the abnormal discharge gap size is effected with the engine held at rest, while the inspection for the porcelain cracking is effected with the engine controlled by a motor so as to increase air pressure within the cylinder bore, contrary to conventional system wherein the inspection is effected during operation of the engine by combustion of an air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: The method of the present invention comprises the steps of:providing a first aluminum member and a second aluminum member to be bonded to each other;forming a zinc alloy soldering layer on the surface while applying ultrasonic vibration to any one of the first aluminum member and the second aluminum member; andbonding the first aluminum member and the second aluminum member through the zinc alloy soldering layer. That is, the first aluminum member and the second aluminum member are formed by casting. The first aluminum member is thereafter immersed in a molten zinc alloy soldering bath. Ultrasonic vibration is applied, and a zinc alloy soldering layer is formed in a prescribed region of the first aluminum member. Further, a zinc alloy soldering layer is formed in a prescribed region of the second aluminum member in the same manner as in the first aluminum member. Then, the first aluminum member and the second aluminum member are bonded through the zinc alloy soldering layer.