Abstract: The invention relates to a drive arrangement in a spacecraft, comprising several drive units (TW1,TW2,TW3), several individually controllable drive units that can be continuously applied to a common, constant voltage potential (HV), and a control of the axial thrust in the respective drive units is achieved due to the fact that the production of plasma in the respective drive units is individually controlled. In particular, the time-variable control of the production of plasma occurs by the time-variable control of the flow of neutral working gas (AG) in the ionization chamber (IK).

Abstract: A voltage sensor includes an insulator with mutually insulated electrodes embedded therein. The electrodes are coaxial and cylindrical and overlap axially along part of their lengths. They are mutually staggered and control the surfaces of electric equipotential such that there is a substantially homogeneous electric field outside the insulator and a substantially homogeneous but higher field within a sensing cavity within the insulator. A field sensor is arranged within the sensing cavity to measure the field. This design allows for the production of compact voltage sensors for high voltage applications.

Abstract: The invention relates, inter alia, to an arrangement (10) for generating electromagnetic radiation, wherein the arrangement comprises inorganic semiconductor material and organic material (130), characterized by a semiconductor cylinder (30, 40) composed of inorganic semiconductor material and a charge carrier injection zone (50) situated in the semiconductor cylinder, wherein the charge carrier injection zone adjoins the lateral surface (110) of the semiconductor cylinder, the organic material (130) is suitable for emitting electromagnetic radiation in the case of a charge carrier recombination, and the organic material bears indirectly or directly on that section of the lateral surface of the semiconductor cylinder which is adjoined by the charge carrier injection zone and electron-hole pairs from the charge carrier injection zone of the semiconductor cylinder can enter into the organic material, and excite there the emission of electromagnetic radiation by recombination.

Abstract: The invention relates to a surface section that is exposed to an ion flow, in particular for a drive arrangement in a spacecraft, comprising an electrostatic ion accelerator arrangement. According to the invention, in order to reduce erosion, an intermediate potential energy surface is provided, the surface being advantageous in that it allows a magnetic field that is essentially parallel to the surface section to be formed.

Abstract: An arrangement with radiation cooling of the anode, which avoids the need for complex additional cooling measures, is proposed for an electrostatic ion accelerator arrangement in which the thermal power loss which is not negligible occurs at the anode, which is arranged in an ionization chamber, during operation.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ion accelerator arrangement comprising an electrostatic acceleration field between a cathode to which a frame potential is applied and an anode to which a high-voltage potential is applied. The ion accelerator arrangement further comprises a gas supply system into which a gas-permeable, open porous insulator member is introduced. Also described is a high-voltage insulator arrangement that comprises such an insulator member and is suitable, inter alia, for such an ion accelerator arrangement and for the corona-resistant insulation of other components to which a high voltage is applied.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ion accelerator arrangement comprising an ionization chamber which is surrounded by a chamber wall and a magnetic arrangement that is disposed outside the chamber wall. Steps are taken to dissipate lost heat occurring on the chamber wall, and advantageous solutions are provided to protect permanent-magnet elements of the magnetic arrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates, inter alia, to an arrangement (10) for generating electromagnetic radiation, wherein the arrangement comprises inorganic semiconductor material and organic material (130), characterized by a semiconductor cylinder (30, 40) composed of inorganic semiconductor material and a charge carrier injection zone (50) situated in the semiconductor cylinder, wherein the charge carrier injection zone adjoins the lateral surface (110) of the semiconductor cylinder, the organic material (130) is suitable for emitting electromagnetic radiation in the case of a charge carrier recombination, and the organic material bears indirectly or directly on that section of the lateral surface of the semiconductor cylinder which is adjoined by the charge carrier injection zone and electron-hole pairs from the charge carrier injection zone of the semiconductor cylinder can enter into the organic material, and excite there the emission of electromagnetic radiation by recombination.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is an insulating structure with screens shaping the electric field, applicable in high-voltage bushings, high-voltage cables, cable accessories and in measuring instruments, especially instrument transformers. The structure according to the invention comprising layers of electrically insulating material between which there are inserted conducting sheets which are screens shaping the electric field in high-voltage electric power equipment is characterized in that the conducting sheets are made of an insulating substrate layer with a porous structure, impregnatable and compressible along the direction parallel to the sheet plane, and at least one surface of the substrate layer has a strongly developed surface and is coated with a metal layer.

Abstract: Provided herein is a method for altering an electronic property of a structure comprising an oxide surface or an oxide surface in electronic communication with the structure, the method comprising providing a covalently-bound film comprising at least one organic acid residue on a portion of the oxide surface so that at least one of the following properties of the structure is modified: (a) the charge carrier injection barrier properties; (b) the charge conductivity properties; (c) the charge transport properties; (d) the work function properties; (e) the sub-threshold slope; and (f) the threshold voltage.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ion accelerator arrangement comprising an ionization chamber which is surrounded by a chamber wall and a magnetic arrangement that is disposed outside the chamber wall. Steps are taken to dissipate lost heat occurring on the chamber wall, and advantageous solutions are provided to protect permanent-magnet elements of the magnetic arrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to an ion accelerator arrangement comprising an electrostatic acceleration field between a cathode to which a frame potential is applied and an anode to which a high-voltage potential is applied. The ion accelerator arrangement further comprises a gas supply system into which a gas-permeable, open porous insulator member is introduced. Also described is a high-voltage insulator arrangement that comprises such an insulator member and is suitable, inter alia, for such an ion accelerator arrangement and for the corona-resistant insulation of other components to which a high voltage is applied.

Abstract: The invention relates to a surface section that is exposed to an ion flow, in particular for a drive arrangement in a spacecraft, comprising an electrostatic ion accelerator arrangement. According to the invention, in order to reduce erosion, an intermediate potential energy surface is provided, the surface being advantageous in that it allows a magnetic field that is essentially parallel to the surface section to be formed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a drive arrangement in a spacecraft, comprising several drive units (TW1,TW2,TW3), several individually controllable drive units that can be continuously applied to a common, constant voltage potential (HV), and a control of the axial thrust in the respective drive units is achieved due to the fact that the production of plasma in the respective drive units is individually controlled. In particular, the time-variable control of the production of plasma occurs by the time-variable control of the flow of neutral working gas (AG) in the ionisation chamber (IK).

Abstract: An arrangement with radiation cooling of the anode, which avoids the need for complex additional cooling measures, is proposed for an electrostatic ion accelerator arrangement in which the thermal power loss which is not negligible occurs at the anode, which is arranged in an ionization chamber, during operation.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is an insulating structure with screens shaping the electric field, applicable in high-voltage bushings, high-voltage cables, cable accessories and in measuring instruments, especially instrument transformers. The structure according to the invention comprising layers of electrically insulating material between which there are inserted conducting sheets which are screens shaping the electric field in high-voltage electric power equipment is characterized in that the conducting sheets are made of an insulating substrate layer with a porous structure, impregnatable and compressible along the direction parallel to the sheet plane, and at least one surface of the substrate layer has a strongly developed surface and is coated with a metal layer.

Abstract: A high-voltage capacitor is used to transmit energy and has an insulator housing, wherein at least two serially connected capacitors, which are mounted in parallel, are arranged. Said capacitors are made of, respectively, a serial connection of individual capacitors which are embodied as stackable capacitor elements. The resulting high-voltage capacitor is compact and economical. Each capacitor element comprises several individual capacitors which are maintained in an isolated manner, whereby the number corresponds to the number of serially connected capacitors, such that said serially connected capacitors are formed by one stack of capacitor elements.

Abstract: A hydraulic stabilizing device for vehicles having an actuator which can be acted on in opposite directions comprises a switching device, which is formed by a directional control valve, and, in series with the switching device, a switching apparatus, which is formed by two separate directional control valves which are connected in parallel and correspondingly have a blocking position and different pass-through positions.

Abstract: Hybrid devices, such as optically erasable memory cells and light sensors, and related methods are disclosed. In some embodiments, a device includes a structure capable of converting between a first resistance state and a second resistance state, and a light source configured to convert the structure from the first resistance state to the second resistance state. The structure includes an organic first material and a second material different from the first material.

Abstract: For an ion accelerator system having a special magnetic field structure with an alternating predominantly longitudinal and crosswise progression of the magnetic field, a geometry of the ionization chamber having a non-cylindrical shape of the chamber wall that is adapted to the progression of the magnetic field is proposed.