Abstract: A real-time system includes a plurality of processors for executing jobs of a plurality of periodic tasks each having predetermined period, assigns each job in a period of each of the tasks to the processors, calculates distribution of execution times during which jobs assigned are executed on the processors, determines, based on the distribution, whether each of the jobs finishes by a deadline within the period, determines that scheduling is impossible, when one of the jobs is determined not to finish by the deadline, determines whether the distribution of the execution times of the jobs each determined to finish by the deadline converge, and determines that scheduling is possible, when the distribution converge.

Abstract: A scheme for constructing a database in a user system, which can automatically store those portions of the structured documents which contain important contents without exerting a burden on the user is disclosed. A structured document provided by a server device is obtained according to a document request made by the user system, where each structured document has a structure represented by tags in each structured document. Then, at least one important portion is automatically extracted from the structured document by utilizing the structure of the structured document according to prescribed extraction criteria specified in advance, and the extracted important portion is stored into the database, while the obtained structured document is transferred to the user system.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product for performing bidirectional transformation between a first structured document and a second structured document is disclosed. A transformation rule having primitive rules each of which is applicable to respective one of elements specified in units of paths within the first structured document is prepared. A forward transformation is performed, which transforms the first structured document into the second structured document in accordance with the transformation rule. At that time, a transformation record is created. The record contains which primitive rules were applied and which paths were transformed in the forward transformation. The transformed second structured document may be edited by an application-side. After that, a backward transformation is performed, which transforms the second structured document into the first structured document with referral to the transformation record, the transformation rule, and the first structured document.

Abstract: A scheme for systematically registering meta-data with respect to various types of individual data so as to enable sophisticated retrieval or application program construction assistance utilizing the meta-data in a data server is disclosed. A data-type of registering data to be registered into a data server that registers and manages data and meta-data for data, and one procedure corresponding to the detected data type is selected from a plurality of procedures provided in correspondence to respective data types and stored in advance, each procedure having a program code for gene rating the meta-data for data according to a corresponding data type. Then, the meta-data for the registering data are generated by executing the program code of the selected procedure, and the generated meta-data are registered in relation to the registering data.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product for performing bidirectional transformation between a first structured document and a second structured document is disclosed. A transformation rule having primitive rules each of which is applicable to respective one of elements specified in units of paths within the first structured document is prepared. A forward transformation is performed, which transforms the first structured document into the second structured document in accordance with the transformation rule. At that time, a transformation record is created. The record contains which primitive rules were applied and which paths were transformed in the forward transformation. The transformed second structured document may be edited by an application-side. After that, a backward transformation is performed, which transforms the second structured document into the first structured document with referral to the transformation record, the transformation rule, and the first structured document.

Abstract: A scheme for constructing a database in a user system, which can automatically store those portions of the structured documents which contain important contents without exerting a burden on the user is disclosed. A structured document provided by a server device is obtained according to a document request made by the user system, where each structured document has a structure represented by tags in each structured document. Then, at least one important portion is automatically extracted from the structured document by utilizing the structure of the structured document according to prescribed extraction criteria specified in advance, and the extracted important portion is stored into the database, while the obtained structured document is transferred to the user system.

Abstract: An instrument includes a holder for holding a medium, a cap capable of covering a tip end portion of the medium, and a knock member provided to be capable of knocking to attach and detach the cap. The cap is connected to the knock member via a rotational transform mechanism. The rotational transform mechanism advances the cap in accordance with one knock of the knock member in the axial direction, the rotational transform mechanism rotates the cap around an axis parallel to the axial direction, then retreats the cap, so that the state in which the cap covers the tip end portion of the medium and the state in which the cap allows the tip end portion of the medium to be exposed are switchable for each knock of the knock member.

Abstract: A scheme for constructing a database in a user system, which can automatically store those portions of the structured documents which contain important contents without exerting a burden on the user is disclosed. A structured document provided by a server device is obtained according to a document request made by the user system, where each structured document has a structure represented by tags in each structured document. Then, at least one important portion is automatically extracted from the structured document by utilizing the structure of the structured document according to prescribed extraction criteria specified in advance, and the extracted important portion is stored into the database, while the obtained structured document is transferred to the user system.

Abstract: Schedulability determination method of determining whether real-time scheduling of tasks is possible using processors, includes calculating Lk and ?i=1 . . . NMi*Uk,i, (1?k,i?N;k,i:integer) where Lk corresponds to task-k, Mi represents number of the one or more processors simultaneously used by task-i, Uk,i corresponds to task-k and task-i, and N represents number of tasks, and determining that real-time scheduling of tasks is possible using processors, if tasks all satisfy conditions, ?i=1 . . .

Abstract: A scheme for systematically registering meta-data with respect to various types of individual data so as to enable sophisticated retrieval or application program construction assistance utilizing the meta-data in a data server is disclosed. A data type of registering data to be registered into a data server that registers and manages data and meta-data for data, and one procedure corresponding to the detected data type is selected from a plurality of procedures provided in correspondence to respective data types and stored in advance, each procedure having a program code for generating the meta-data for data according to a corresponding data type. Then, the meta-data for the registering data are generated by executing the program code of the selected procedure, and the generated meta-data are registered in relation to the registering data.

Abstract: A transaction processing system capable of easily and efficiently realizing the file update processing by a plurality of transactions operating in parallel as well as the recovery processing at a time of a fault occurrence is disclosed. In the transaction processing system, a plurality of transactions that carry out update processing with respect to one file read out onto a buffer region are executed, and that one file is written into a stable memory device at a time of commit of one transaction among the plurality of transactions, where that one file contains a content of committed updates made by that one transaction and a content of non-committed updates made by other non-committed transactions, and information for cancelling the non-committed updates.

Abstract: A transactional file system which is capable of realizing atomic update of plural files by transactions is disclosed. In the transactional file system, a log entry containing an information for validating all updates made by a transaction collectively on a stable memory device, is generated for one or more files updated on a buffer region by the transaction since a start of a processing of the transaction until a commit of the transaction. Then, the log entry is written into the stable memory device at a time of the commit of the transaction.

Abstract: A transactional file system capable of realizing atomic update of plural files by transactions. In the transactional file system, a log entry containing information for validating all updates made by transaction collectively on a stable memory device, is generated for one or more files updated on a buffer region by the transaction since a start of a processing of the transaction until a commit of the transaction. Then, the log entry is written into the stable memory device at a time of the commit of the transaction.

Abstract: A data management system capable of realizing improved flexibility, independency and expandability together is disclosed. The data management system is formed by a memory unit configured to store a plurality of data operation modules for operating data which have different operation functions, and an operation unit configured to read out data requested by the application program from the data storage system, select those data operation modules that should carry out the operations with respect to the data such that the data will be in compliance with a data model suitable for the processing that the application program wishes to carry out, from the plurality of data operation modules, such that the data to which the operations are applied by selected data operation modules are given to the application program.

Abstract: A data management system capable of realizing improved flexibility, independency and expandability together is disclosed. The data management system is formed by a memory unit configured to store a plurality of data operation modules for operating data which have different operation functions, and an operation unit configured to read out data requested by the application program from the data storage system, select those data operation modules that should carry out the operations with respect to the data such that the data will be in compliance with a data model suitable for the processing that the application program wishes to carry out, from the plurality of data operation modules, such that the data to which the operations are applied by selected data operation modules are given to the application program.

Abstract: A write control method of exclusively controlling write requests from a plurality of user terminals to an identical structured document is disclosed. The identical structured document includes a plurality of elements each containing document content. A monitor field is set in units of the elements within the identical structured document. Upon accepting one write request from one user terminal, it is determined if the one write request is directed to the document content under monitoring by referral to the monitor field. Then, the one write request is handled to reject overwriting of the document content despite the one write request if the document content has been rewritten by another write request from another user terminal in advance.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product for performing bidirectional transformation between a first structured document and a second structured document is disclosed. A transformation rule having primitive rules each of which is applicable to respective one of elements specified in units of paths within the first structured document is prepared. A forward transformation is performed, which transforms the first structured document into the second structured document in accordance with the transformation rule. At that time, a transformation record is created. The record contains which primitive rules were applied and which paths were transformed in the forward transformation. The transformed second structured document may be edited by an application-side. After that, a backward transformation is performed, which transforms the second structured document into the first structured document with referral to the transformation record, the transformation rule, and the first structured document.

Abstract: A transaction processing system capable of easily and efficiently realizing the file update processing by a plurality of transactions operating in parallel as well as the recovery processing at a time of a fault occurrence is disclosed. In the transaction processing system, a plurality of transactions that carry out update processing with respect to one file read out onto a buffer region are executed, and that one file is written into a stable memory device at a time of commit of one transaction among the plurality of transactions, where that one file contains a content of committed updates made by that one transaction and a content of non-committed updates made by other non-committed transactions, and information for cancelling the non-committed updates.

Abstract: A click-type writing implement with reduced diameter by suppressed swerving of writing element during advancing and with improved easiness of assembling and improved ornamental appearance, comprising manipulator pieces on outside; actuator pieces respectively advanced or retracted by the manipulator pieces; a main shaft arranging writing elements as forward and rearward slidable; springs respectively applying rearward stress on the actuator pieces. The each actuator piece has a first and second projecting portions, which protrude laterally respectively at forefront portion and at a rearward portion distanced from the forefront portion. The main shaft has an inner face comprised of a small-internal-diameter portion in vicinity of rearmost retracted position of the second projecting portion. The second projecting portion has a cam face for creating outward propelling force when two of the second projecting portions axially bear with each other.

Abstract: A transaction processing system capable of easily and efficiently realizing the file update processing by a plurality of transactions operating in parallel as well as the recovery processing at a time of a fault occurrence is disclosed. In the transaction processing system, a plurality of transactions that carry out update processing with respect to one file read out onto a buffer region are executed, and that one file is written into a stable memory device at a time of commit of one transaction among the plurality of transactions, where that one file contains a content of committed updates made by that one transaction and a content of non-committed updates made by other non-committed transactions, and information for cancelling the non-committed updates.