Abstract: A recording apparatus includes a carriage on which the recording head is mounted and in which a first measuring area and a second measuring area are provided, a platen disposed to face the recording head, a reference portion disposed on the platen at a position faceable by the recording head; a distance sensor provided on either of the carriage or the reference portion and configured to measure a distance between a measuring area and the reference portion, and a controller that determines an inclination of the carriage with respect to the platen based on a measurement result of the distance sensor, and controls execution of a predetermined process.

Abstract: A substrate, a diaphragm, and a piezoelectric actuator are laminated in this order in a first direction, the diaphragm includes a first layer containing silicon as a constituent element, a second layer disposed between the first layer and the piezoelectric actuator, and containing any one or both of at least one metal element selected from the group made of chromium, titanium, aluminum, tantalum, hafnium, and iridium, and silicon nitride, as a constituent element, and a third layer disposed between the second layer and the piezoelectric actuator and containing zirconium as a constituent element, and a fourth layer containing any one or both of at least one metal element selected from the group made of chromium, titanium, aluminum, tantalum, hafnium, and iridium, and silicon nitride, as a constituent element is provided on the third layer on a piezoelectric actuator side.

Abstract: A substrate, with an electrode layer for a metal-supported electrochemical element of a solid oxide fuel cell or a solid oxide electrolytic cell, including a metal support, an electrode layer formed on/over the metal support, and an intermediate layer formed on/over the electrode layer, wherein the intermediate layer has a region with a surface roughness (Ra) of 1.0 ?m or less.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a substrate processing apparatus includes a rotating table configured to rotate a substrate and a plurality of fixing members configured to fix the substrate on the rotating table by grasping the substrate while abutting an outer periphery of the substrate, wherein each fixing member includes a curved surface on a side that abuts the substrate, a reduced portion formed to be connected to an end of the curved surface and having a width which is continuously reduced in the first direction from a boundary with the curved surface, a first sloping surface formed on a top portion to slope downwards in the first direction, and a support portion formed on the curved surface and configured to support the substrate such that a top surface of the top portion is flush with an upper surface of the substrate in a state where the substrate is grasped.

Abstract: Provided is a low-cost electrochemical element that includes a high-performance electrode layer. The electrochemical element includes an electrode layer, and the electrode layer contains small particles and large particles. The small particles have a particle diameter of 200 nm or less in the electrode layer, and the large particles have a particle diameter of 500 nm or more in the electrode layer.

Abstract: A metal support for an electrochemical element has a plate shape as a whole, and is provided with a plurality of penetration spaces that pass through the metal support from a front face to a back face. The front face is a face to be provided with an electrode layer. Each of front-side openings that are openings of the penetration spaces formed in the front face has an area of 3.0×10?4 mm2 or more and 3.0×10?3 mm2 or less.

Abstract: A storage battery device includes a plurality of cell modules including a plurality of battery cells, a data acquirer configured to acquire voltage data of the battery cells, a calculator configured to calculate a rise rate of an internal resistance value with respect to a default value according to the voltage data of the battery cells, and a storage configured to store therein the rise rate of the internal resistance value with respect to the default value.

Abstract: A storage battery device including a housing, battery packs, and a heat detection member having a linear structure. The battery packs are accommodated in the housing. The battery packs are electrically connectable to each other. The heat detection member has a heat detection function and continuously extends while making thermal contact with a member located near bottom surfaces of the battery packs.

Abstract: Realized is an element having an electrolyte layer that is dense and has high gas barrier characteristics. A metal-supported electrochemical element includes at least a metal substrate as a support, an electrode layer formed on/over the metal substrate, a buffer layer formed on the electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer formed on the buffer layer. The electrode layer is porous and the electrolyte layer is dense. The buffer layer has density higher than density of the electrode layer and lower than density of the electrolyte layer.

Abstract: Realized is an element having an electrolyte layer that is dense and has high gas barrier characteristics. A metal-supported electrochemical element includes at least a metal substrate as a support, an electrode layer formed on/over the metal substrate, a buffer layer formed on the electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer formed on the buffer layer. The electrode layer is porous and the electrolyte layer is dense. The buffer layer has density higher than density of the electrode layer and lower than density of the electrolyte layer.

Abstract: A reformer of the present disclosure includes a reformer body which has a cylindrical shape and extends horizontally, introducing raw fuel and water to perform a reforming reaction, the reformer body including therein a vaporization portion which generates steam, and a reforming portion which reacts the steam generated in the vaporization portion with raw fuel to generate a reformed gas; a raw fuel introduction pipe which introduces the raw fuel into the reformer body; a water introduction pipe including therein a water passage which introduces water into the reformer body; and a vaporization accelerating portion which is disposed in at least one of the vaporization portion and the water introduction pipe and accelerates vaporization of water in the vaporization portion.

Abstract: An electrochemical element (Q) has a metal substrate (1) and multiple electrochemical reaction portions. The metal substrate (1) has gas flow allowing regions that allow the flowing of a gas between the upper side (4) and the lower side (5) of the metal substrate (1). The electrochemical reaction portions each have at least an electrode layer (A), an electrolyte layer (B), and a counter electrode layer (C), and are arranged on the upper side (4) of the metal substrate (1). The electrolyte layer (B) is arranged between the electrode layer (A) and the counter electrode layer (C), and the gas flowing through the gas flow allowing regions is supplied to the electrode layer (A).

Abstract: Provided is a low-cost electrochemical element that has excellent reliability and durability. A substrate with an electrode layer for a metal-supported electrochemical element includes a metal support and an electrode layer formed on/over the metal support, and the electrode layer has a region with a surface roughness of 1.0 ?m or less.

Abstract: A metal support for an electrochemical element has a plate shape as a whole, and is provided with a plurality of penetration spaces 1c that pass through the metal support from a front face 1a to a back face. The front face 1a is a face to be provided with an electrode layer. A region of the front face 1a provided with the penetration spaces is a hole region, and openings of the penetration spaces formed in the front face are front-side openings. An aperture ratio that is a ratio of the front-side openings to the hole region is 0.1% or more and 7.0% or less.

Abstract: A metal support for an electrochemical element has a plate shape as a whole, and is provided with a plurality of penetration spaces that pass through the metal support from a front face to a back face. The front face is a face to be provided with an electrode layer. Each of front-side openings that are openings of the penetration spaces formed in the front face has an area of 3.0×10?4 mm2 or more and 3.0×10?3 mm2 or less.

Abstract: Provided is a low-cost electrochemical element that includes a high-performance electrode layer. The electrochemical element includes an electrode layer, and the electrode layer contains small particles and large particles. The small particles have a particle diameter of 200 nm or less in the electrode layer, and the large particles have a particle diameter of 500 nm or more in the electrode layer.

Abstract: Realized is an element having an electrolyte layer that is dense and has high gas barrier characteristics. A metal-supported electrochemical element includes at least a metal substrate as a support, an electrode layer formed on/over the metal substrate, a buffer layer formed on the electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer formed on the buffer layer. The electrode layer is porous and the electrolyte layer is dense. The buffer layer has density higher than density of the electrode layer and lower than density of the electrolyte layer.

Abstract: Realized is an element having an electrolyte layer that is dense and has high gas barrier characteristics. A metal-supported electrochemical element includes at least a metal substrate as a support, an electrode layer formed on/over the metal substrate, a buffer layer formed on the electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer formed on the buffer layer. The electrode layer is porous and the electrolyte layer is dense. The buffer layer has density higher than density of the electrode layer and lower than density of the electrolyte layer.

Abstract: Realized is an element having an electrolyte layer that is dense and has high gas barrier characteristics. A metal-supported electrochemical element includes at least a metal substrate as a support, an electrode layer formed on/over the metal substrate, a buffer layer formed on the electrode layer, and an electrolyte layer formed on the buffer layer. The electrode layer is porous and the electrolyte layer is dense. The buffer layer has density higher than density of the electrode layer and lower than density of the electrolyte layer.

Abstract: A power control apparatus according to an embodiment includes acquisition circuitry and determination circuitry. The acquisition circuitry is configured to acquire a voltage of a secondary battery during charging. The determination circuitry is configured to determine a maximum current to be used during charging of the secondary battery using a difference between an upper limit voltage and the acquired voltage.