Abstract: A heat storage device keeps engine coolant hot during operating pauses of the engine allowing quick heating during a cold start of the engine. The capacity of the heat storage device for coolant is twice as large as the capacity for coolant of the coolant circulation system and the engine. An inflow line, an outflow line and a ventilation line pass through the bottom of the heat storage device and are heat insulated on the inside of the heat storage device. Hot coolant from the heat storage device is transferred in two portions into the cold engine. The second portion is transferred when the rising temperature of the metal motor mass has come close to the falling temperature of the first portion of coolant that was circulating in the engine. The heat storage device includes outer and inner containers with a high vacuum in the insulating space between the containers.

Abstract: A heat storage device keeps engine coolant hot during operating pauses of the engine allowing quick heating during a cold start of the engine. The capacity of the heat storage device for coolant is twice as large as the capacity for coolant of the coolant circulation system and the engine. An inflow line, an outflow line and a ventilation line pass through the bottom of the heat storage device and are heat insulated on the inside of the heat storage device. Hot coolant from the heat storage device is transferred in two portions into the cold engine. The second portion is transferred when the rising temperature of the metal motor mass has come close to the falling temperature of the first portion of coolant that was circulating in the engine. The heat storage device includes outer and inner containers with a high vacuum in the insulating space between the containers.

Abstract: A method of controlling supply of combustion air in an internal combustion engine comprising at least one combustion chamber, a piston slidable in said combustion chamber and adapted to perform suction strokes, an inlet passage for feeding combustion air to said combustion chamber, an inlet valve for controlling flow of combustion air into said combustion chamber and adapted to be opened during opening periods, and a supplemental valve assembly disposed in said inlet passage and movable between opening and closing positions, in which method combustion air supply is selectively controlled by said supplemental valve assembly during said opening periods of said inlet valve such that combustion air supply to the combustion chamber during said suction strokes of the piston is interrupted prior to the end of the respective suction stroke or enabled only towards the end of the respective suction stroke or is enabled in two phases such that combustion air flows into the combustion chamber in a first phase during a fi

Abstract: A shut-off or throttle valve comprises a housing defining a flow passage and a valve flap to be pivoted about an axis of rotation extending across the flow cross-section of the valve. The valve flap in its closed position is located in a closing plane containing said axis of rotation and extending transversely to the direction of fluid flow and is spaced at its edges in all positions from the housing such that the respective spacing cannot be overcome by thermal expansions to be expected in operation. The peripheral portions of the valve flap cooperate with abutment edges serving as a front seal. The flap surface is subdivided by the axis of rotation into a pair of sections. Each section has associated therewith an abutment edge extending towards the axis of rotation such that the abutment edges are positioned on opposite sides of the valve flap.

Abstract: A method of operating cooling fluid circuit of an internal combustion engine for an automotive vehicle at cold start of said engine. Said cooling fluid circuit includes pump means, a heat storage and a cabin heating system heat exchanger interconnected between said heat storage and said engine. The method comprises unloading said heat storage to transfer heat thereof to cooling fluid circulating in said cooling fluid circuit and operating said heat exchanger so as to transfer at least some of the heat of the circulating cooling fluid to heating air of said cabin heating system.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for reducing harmful emissions in the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine which may be a Diesel engine or an Otto engine operated by a lean fuel air mixture. The exhaust gases are subjected to a catalytic treatment for oxidizing carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, and the exhaust gases are throttled to increase their temperature under operative conditions of heat deficiency such as at cold start. The exhaust gases are subjected to an additional catalytic treatment for reducing nitrogen oxides in a deoxidation means. The throttling of the exhaust gases is controlled such that the temperature of the exhaust gases will be within a predetermined temperature range at which said deoxidation means is operative.

Abstract: In order to reduce the exhaust gas emissions of automotive vehicle combustion engines including exhaust gas catalytic converters, the exhaust gases are caused to flow between the engine and the catalytic converter through conduit branches of different thermal caracteristics. Said conduit branches comprise a full load tube and a partial load tube, with the full load tube surrounding the partial load tube so as to provide an annular space between the full load tube and the partial load tube.

Abstract: A shut-off or throttle valve comprises a housing (12) defining a flow passage and a valve flap (18) to be pivoted about an axis of rotation (20) extending across the flow cross-section of the valve. The valve flap (18) in its closed position is located in a closing plane containing said axis of rotation and extending transversely to the direction of fluid flow and is spaced at its edges in all positions from the housing such that the respective spacing cannot be overcome by thermal expansions to be expected in operation. The peripheral portions of the valve flap (18) cooperate with abutment edges (34, 36) serving as a front seal. The flap surface is subdivided by the axis of rotation (29) into a pair of sections. Each section has associated therewith an abutment edge (34, 36) extending towards the axis of rotation (20), such that the abutment edges (34, 36) are positioned on opposite sides of the valve flap (18).

Abstract: A heat storage, in particular for automotive vehicles, includes a storage housing which consists of an internal casing of a not round cross-section and an external casing enclosing the former in spaced relationship and a heat insulation, in particular a not supportive high vacuum insulation, enclosed between the internal and external casings. The cross-section of the casing shell of at least the internal casing comprises circular arc segments. The casing shell is supported at the transitions between the circular arc segments and adjacent cross-sectional portions of the container shell. Supplemental or alternative to such structure of the circular arc segments the external casing shell and the internal casing shell can be rigidly connected by connection elements so as to form an insulation container havina walls of sandwich-structure.

Abstract: In order to reduce the exhaust gas emissions of automotive vehicle combustion engines including exhaust gas catalytic converters, the exhaust gases are caused to flow between the engine and the catalytic converter through conduit branches of different thermal characteristics. Said conduit branches comprise a full load tube and a partial load tube, with the full load tube surrounding the partial load tube so as to provide an annular space between the full load tube and the partial load tube.

Abstract: In order to reduce the exhaust gas emissions of an internal combustion engine (10) for automotive vehicles including an exhaust gas catalytic converter (18), a ram condition will be generated at least during the starting phase in the exhaust gas conduit (16), which ram condition provides for an increase of pressure at the exhaust gas outlet of the engine of at least 0.5 bar, preferably of at least 1 bar, and the engine is additionally loaded at rapid load and speed changes.

Abstract: In the operation of heat storage devices in particular for reusable heat in automotive vehicles, and in particular for heating the engine at cold start, a coolant circulates in a cooling fluid circuit extending through the engine, with the coolant flowing between a heat source and/or a heat consumer and an heat storage device being used as the storage medium. At cold start, circulation of the coolant in the cooling fluid circuit occurs via the heat storage device and such circulation is terminated as soon as the temperatures of the coolant at the inlet and the outlet of the heat storage device have approximated each other to a predetermined value.

Abstract: In a sensible heat storage for automotive vehicles, in particular for heating the engine at cold start, the heat carrier for sensible heat between a heat source and/or heat sink and the heat storage is at the same time the storage medium and is adapted to be circulated independently of engine operation. Circulation of the heat carrier across the heat storage is initiated at the latest when the engine is started. It is continued until the whole contents of the heat storage have been replaced. Circulation of the heat carrier across the heat storage is resumed at the latest when the ignition of the engine is switched off, and it is continued until the contents of the heat storage have been completely replaced.

Abstract: A method of supplying a combustible gas into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine of the cylinder type during two phases. The supply of combustible gas is restricted at least towards the end of the first phase and restricting the supply of the combustible gas is terminated at least during the beginning of the second phase which ends when the piston begins to compress a charge in the combustion chamber. In this method the extent of restricting the supply of combustible gas and the times of starting and terminating to restrict the supply of combustible gas and the time of terminating the supply of combustible gas are coordinated such that the resultant piston work corresponds to the work necessary for filling the combustion chamber with a desired amount of combustible gas plus the energy necessary to increase the temperature of the charge for a predetermined amount.

Abstract: In a method of controlling the fuel-air ratio of an internal combustion engine the combustion chamber and its contents are preheated at times when the engine is started from cold and during other operative conditions of thermal energy deficiency. The engine is operated with a lean fuel-air mixture from the very beginning when the engine is started, and the fuel-air ratio is controlled exclusively by oxygen sensor means in the exhaust gas.

Abstract: A method of rapidly heating e.g. a vehicle engine to its operative temperature during cold starting periods. The vehicle engine is in heat exchange relationship with a section of a cooling fluid flow circuit which furthermore includes a sensible heat storage means. The heat carrier is fed into the heat storage means at the beginning of an inoperative period and is re-fed into said fluid flow circuit section in heat exchange relationship with the engine at the beginning of an operative period.

Abstract: For the production of a heat storage means, more particularly in the form of latent heat storage means, for vehicle heating systems run on heat from the engine, comprising a housing, which is made up of an outer container and in inner container arranged in spaced relationship to the outer container so as to include an insulating zone between them, a heat storage core arranged in the inner container and having at least one chamber for a storage medium in it, said chamber being separated by a partition wall from at least one flow path for a heat transfer medium, and an inlet duct and outlet duct for the heat transfer medium, such ducts being connected with the flow path and extending outwards through the insulating zone, a high quality insulation may be produced without thermal damage in a substantially shorter period of time, which is economically acceptable and the insulation may be sufficiently long lasting for use in automobiles, if after the insulating zone has been heated after the production of the housi

Abstract: In the case of a vacuum insulating structure adapted for the transmission of thrust forces and more particularly for the heat storage means of motor vehicles in an evacuated insulating zone and at least in the zones with a need of bracing a continuous, load-bearing brace means of pore-forming insulating material is arranged, whose mass density is so reduced that the load-bearing capacity thereof is just sufficient to take up the thrust forces to be transmitted. The gas pressure in the insulating zone is correspondingly reduced in accordance with the necessary insulating effect.

Abstract: For the operation of an IC engine for low emission of pollutants and with the passage of the engine exhaust gases through a thermal converter (14), the conversion temperature is produced and maintained even in periods in which the engine temperature is otherwise too low by a heating device (14) supplied by the engine exhaust gases and designed in the form of a thermal converter.

Abstract: In a method for the production of a heat storage means, more particularly in the form of a latent heat storage means, for vehicle heating systems run on heat from the engine, comprising a housing, which is made up of an outer container and an inner container arranged in spaced relationship to the outer container so as to constitute an insulating vessel including an insulating zone, a heat storage core arranged in the inner container and having at least one chamber for a heat storage medium in it, said chamber being separated by a partition wall from at least one flow path for a heat transfer medium, and an inlet duct and outlet duct for the heat transfer medium, such ducts being connected with the flow path and extending outwards through the insulating zone, the insulating zone having been baked out in the housing for degassing and having been evacuated.