Abstract: For charging the combustion chambers (10) provided with an inlet (14) and an outlet (16) valve of an IC engine of the piston type there is a charger (20) producing a continuous pressure and pumping into a storage space (28). In a way dependent on the ignition frequency of the associated combustion chambers (10) an air control valve (34) is opened and closed which is arranged between the storage space (28) and an inlet duct (36) leading to the inlet valve (14) of these combustion chambers (10). The phase relationship of the valve (34) to the inlet valve (14) may be changed in a way dependent on the required manner of operation of the engine between a position concentrating the air supply from the storage space (28) on the start of inlet and a position concentrating the supply on the end of inlet to such combustion chambers (10), each duct (40) supplying each combustion with non-compressed charge being shut off on the side of the combustion chamber to be supplied.

Abstract: In the case of a multicylinder IC engine of the piston type with a stroke charging means (12), and in which branch ducts (16, 18, 20 and 22) extend from at least one air inlet duct (149) to the individual engine cylinders (24, 26, 28 and 30) and at the associated cylinder such ducts are able to be shut by at least one inlet valve (32, 34, 36 and 38), in order to reduce the amount of dead space each branch duct (16, 18, 20 and 22) is provided with a further valve (58, 60, 62 and 64).

Abstract: In order to postcharge an IC engine of the piston type during the piston motion in the vicinity of the lower dead center position in addition to the charge drawn in from an induction duct (17) via an induction valve (42) charge compressed by a charger is introduced from a pressure duct (19) via a pressure valve (28) from a charger into an inlet duct (21) leading to the inlet valve (11) of the combustion chamber, the opening phase of the pressure valve (28) and the closing of the induction valve (42) overlap and then a pulse exchange takes place towards the combustion chamber between the induction and pressure flows. For this purpose the connection between the induction and the pressure ducts is preferably designed in the manner of a suction jet pump pumping into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A piston charger being driven by exhaust gas having a mechanism controlling the exiting of the exhaust gas from the charger. The control mechanism is coupled with the charger piston and includes a member for opening and closing the exhaust gas outlet. Also included is a method of driving the piston charger.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying precompressed combustion air to an internal combustion engine. The engine having at least one piston including a piston cylinder, a piston positioned in the cylinder, and inlet and outlet ports in the cylinder. The apparatus includes a supercharger for compressing the combustion air which is transported, via a conduit, to the piston cylinder; a cooling element associated with the conduit for expanding and cooling the combustion air before the combustion air enters the cylinder; and a controller associated with the charger for controlling the volume of combustion air entering the piston cylinder. Also, disclosed is a method for supplying combustion air to a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is connected to a supercharger which is powered by exhaust energy for compressing and feeding of the air charge. The supercharger has at least one exhaust chamber and one air compression chamber both having an intake and an output. A membrane is sandwiched between the two chambers for changing the volume in the charger. The membrane is comprised of tightly fitted single elements which are movable relative to each other and are made from a heat resistant material. The membrane is driven by exhaust gases entering into the exhaust chamber from the internal combustion engine such that the movement of the membrane is synchronized with piston movement of the internal combustion engine to move charged air from the air charge chamber to a piston cylinder.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an exhaust gas supercharger. The supercharger is coupled with an internal combustion engine having a plurality of cylinders. The cylinders produce exhaust gas pulses which drive the supercharger. The supercharger includes a first and second housing each defining a chamber. A first and second partition are movable in the housing chambers. Inlets and outlets are associated with the housing chambers. Exhaust ducts transmit exhaust gases from a first and second set of cylinders to the first housing to drive the first partition. A first and second pair of air ducts are coupled with the second housing to transmit air from the second housing chamber to the first and second set of cylinders. A guide rod connects the first and second partitions together so that they move simultaneously. Also, a biasing element is coupled with the guide rod to move the partitions to a middle position in the housing chambers between exhaust pulses of the first and second set of cylinders.

Abstract: A method for the introduction of the charging air into the cylinder of an internal combustion engine, in the case of which pre-compressed air from a displacement charger is cooled by exchange of heat and is then expanded till the desired charging pressure has been reached. The expulsion motion of the piston or pistons of the displacement charger is so synchronized with the piston motion of the engine cylinder to be supplied that the air displaced from the charger transfers directly into the respective engine cylinder.

Abstract: A piston-type IC engine is fitted with a mechanically driven displacement supercharger such that the displacement volume of a supercharging chamber for compression of the combustion air is made equal to the maximum requirement of an engine cylinder to be filled. The stroke rate of the supercharger is equal to the ignition rate of the engine and the piston motion of the supercharger bears a given phase relation to the piston motion of the engine in line with the desired supercharging effect, such phase relation preferably being adjustable.

Abstract: An apparatus for the expansion of pressurized, pulsating exhaust gases comprises at least one expansion chamber (12a, 12b; 40; 68, and 70), a piston (18; 44; and 66) oscillating in the expansion chamber (12a, 12b; 40; 68 and 70) and an output drive (16, 34; 46, 56, 63; 67, 90, 92 and 110) that is connected with the piston (18; 44; and 66) and includes a directional clutch (36; 58; 102, and 104), that is so arranged that it produces a coupling connection in the direction of motion corresponding to exhaust gas expansion. In the case of there being at least two expansion chambers (68 and 70) adapted to receive exhaust gas acting in opposite directions there is preferably a directional clutch (102 and 104) for each direction of expansion, said two directional clutches (102 and 104) being connected together by means of a reversing drive (86, 88, 90, 92 and 110 ) for output drive in the same direction.

Abstract: A method for the introduction of air into the cylinder of an IC engine, wherein the air is introduced from a displacement supercharger into the engine cylinder till the desired pressure in the cylinder has been produced, wherein the expulsion motion of the piston or pistons of the positive displacement supercharger is so synchronized with the piston motion of the engine cylinder to be supplied by same that the air displaced from the supercharger flows directly into the respective engine cylinder. An IC engine for use in the method has at least one piston, that moves in a cylinder having an air inlet, and a positive displacement supercharger joined outputwise with the air inlet of the engine and having at least one supercharging chamber.

Abstract: A piston-type internal combustion engine is fitted with a mechanically driven displacement supercharger such that the displacement volume of a supercharging chamber for compression of the combustion air is made equal to the maximum requirement of an engine cylinder to be filled. The stroke rate of the supercharger is equal to the ignition rate of the engine and the piston motion of the supercharger bears a given phase relation to the piston motion of the engine in line with the desired supercharging effect, such phase relation preferably being adjustable.

Abstract: An exhaust gas driven supercharger for an internal combustion engine having cylinders which produce cyclical exhaust gas pulses. The supercharger consists of a housing which is divided by a movable partition into a supercharging chamber which is connected to the engine air intake, and an exhaust chamber which is connected to the engine exhaust. The exhaust gas path contains a variable restriction choke valve for modifying the duration of the exhaust gas pulses in the exhaust chamber.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is connected to a supercharger operated by exhaust energy for the compression and transport of an air charge. The supercharger has at least one exhaust chamber and one air chamber which are separated from each other by a partition. The exhaust chamber is equipped with an exhaust inlet and an exhaust outlet, and the air charge chamber with an air charge inlet and an air charge outlet. In the gas circuit connected to the exhaust inlet is a system for the timed introduction of exhaust into the exhaust chamber. The supercharger is also powered by a linkage responsive to rotation of the engine crankshaft. The linkage permits changing the phase relationship between the partition and the engine crankshaft.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for increasing the heat flow density of heat exchangers having at least one gaseous fluid flowing therethrough at a high velocity. In one form of the method, which may be used in motor vehicles, the energy for the acceleration of the gaseous fluid is taken from the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. In this respect, an exhaust gas heat exchanger used for vehicle interior heating, or a heat exchanger used for cooling the engine coolant, may be used. In order to increase the energy content of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas undergoes a pressure build-up. The waste heat of the exhaust gas may thus be used at low engine loads, with a relatively low need for engine cooling and a relatively high need for interior heating, in order to increase the heat flow density at the exhaust gas heat exchanger for vehicle heating.