Abstract: An X-ray diffractometer system analyzes objects including biological tissue samples and physical and chemical samples. The diffractometer system includes an X-ray beam projector that projects an incident micro-beam of X-ray at an analysis target, an X-ray receiver including an X-ray detector array to detect the transmitted X-rays passed through the object and X-rays that the target diffracts, and a computer workstation for system control and data analysis. The X-ray beam projector may include a radiation source, a beam forming system including at least one of a monochromator, a collimator, and focusing device. The computer workstation may control the X-ray devices and positioning mechanisms and motors, may acquire, process, store, or display data received from diffractometric examination, and may also calculate parameters of the three-dimensional reciprocal lattice of the analyzed target.

Abstract: An x-ray diffractometer may perform 3D-analysis of collagen tissue of a patient (a human or another animal). The diffractometer includes an oblong housing that may be hinged and that contains an x-ray projector on one side of a recess and a receiver on an opposite side of the recess. The recess accommodates analyzed tissue such as the external ear and skin of a patient. The x-ray projector directs an x-ray micro-beam at the patient's tissue, and the receiver contains a movable two-dimensional x-ray detector that detects a transmitted x-ray micro-beam passed through the analyzed tissue and detects x-rays scattered or diffracted by the analyzed tissue.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides device having a reaction vessel with one or more permeable membranes disposed therein that separate the reaction vessel into at least a first portion and a second portion. The one or more membranes permit first reactants from a first solution in the first portion or reactants from a second solution in the second portion to seep or percolate to a reaction zone proximate a surface of the one or more membranes. A reaction of the first and second reactants forms a two-dimensional polymer film material. A roller located inside of the reaction vessel draws the two-dimensional polymer film material reaction out of the reaction zone.

Abstract: Diffractometer-based global in vitro diagnostic systems or methods may use one or more diffraction apparatuses for the structural analysis of ?-keratin and collagen in samples of hair, nails, skin, internal organs, or other tissue of a human or non-human animal. The diffraction apparatuses operatively couple to a computer database and provide sample data including diffraction pattern data for in vitro samples or data derived therefrom. One or more computer systems receive or transmit the sample data or data derived therefrom and process the sample data or data derived therefrom to provide a computer-aided diagnostic indicators.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides device having a reaction vessel with one or more permeable membranes disposed therein that separate the reaction vessel into at least a first portion and a second portion. The one or more membranes permit first reactants from a first solution in the first portion or reactants from a second solution in the second portion to seep or percolate to a reaction zone proximate a surface of the one or more membranes. A reaction of the first and second reactants forms a two-dimensional polymer film material. A roller located inside of the reaction vessel draws the two-dimensional polymer film material reaction out of the reaction zone.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides device comprising a cylindrical reaction vessel having one or more permeable cylindrical membranes disposed therein separating the cylindrical reaction vessel into at least a first portion and a second portion, wherein the one or more permeable cylindrical membranes are configured to permit first reactants from a first solution in the first portion or reactants from a second solution in the second portion to percolate or seep to a reaction zone proximate a surface of the one or more cylindrical membranes. A lifting device (mechanism) located above the first portion of the cylindrical reaction vessel configured to continuously draw a preform two-dimensional polymer tube formed by continuous reaction of the first and second reactants out from the reaction zone.

Abstract: An organic polymeric compound called a Furuta or para-Furuta polymer is characterized by polarizability and resistivity has repeating units of a general structural formula: P1 may be acrylate, methacrylate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, polyaramid, polyester, siloxane, or polyethylene terephthalate. Tail is a resistive substitute. L is a linker group attached to an ionic functional group Q; j, a number of ionic functional groups Q, ranges from 1 to 5; n and m independently range from 3 to about 1000. Q is an ionic liquid ion, zwitterion, or polymeric acid. The number t ranges from 6 to 200,000. B is a counter ion, that can supply an opposite charge to balance a charge of the organic polymeric compound; s is a number of counter ions B. A plasticizer increases mobility of the polymers within the compound.

Abstract: An organic polymeric compound called a Furuta or para-Furuta polymer is characterized by polarizability and resistivity has repeating units of a general structural formula: P1 may be acrylate, methacrylate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, polyaramid, polyester, siloxane, or polyethylene terephthalate. Tail is a resistive substitute. L is a linker group attached to an ionic functional group Q; j, a number of ionic functional groups Q, ranges from 1 to 5; n and m independently range from 3 to about 1000. Q is an ionic liquid ion, zwitterion, or polymeric acid. The number t ranges from 6 to 200,000. B is a counter ion, that can supply an opposite charge to balance a charge of the organic polymeric compound; s is a number of counter ions B. A plasticizer increases mobility of the polymers within the compound.

Abstract: The present invention is related to 6,7-dihydrobenzimidazo[1,2-c]quinazolin-6-one derivatives of the general structural formula (I), the anisotropic optical film based on these derivatives with phase-retarding properties for displays, and method of producing thereof: where X is a carboxylic group COOH, m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; Y is a sulfonic group SO3H, n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; Z is an acid amide group L-NH2; p is 0, 1, 2 or 3; K is a counterion selected from the list comprising H+, NH4+, Na+, K+, Li+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, and Al3+; s is the number of counterions providing neutral state of the molecule; R is a substituent selected from the list comprising CH3, C2H5, NO2, Cl, Br, F, CF3, CN, OH, OCH3, OC2H5, OCOCH3, OCN, SCN, NH2, and NHCOCH3; w is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and R1 is a substituent selected from the list comprising H, CH3, C2H5, C3H7, i-C3H7, CH2CH2CH2CH3, CH(CH3)CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)CH3 and C(CH3)3 and L is a linking group.

Abstract: The present invention is related to 6,7-dihydrobenzimidazo[1,2-c]quinazolin-6-one derivatives of the general structural formula (I), the anisotropic optical film based on these derivatives with phase-retarding properties for displays, and method of producing thereof: where X is a carboxylic group COOH, m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; Y is a sulfonic group SO3H, n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; Z is an acid amide group L-NH2; p is 0, 1, 2 or 3; K is a counterion selected from the list comprising H+, NH4+, Na+, K+, Li+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, and Al3+; s is the number of counterions providing neutral state of the molecule; R is a substituent selected from the list comprising CH3, C2H5, NO2, Cl, Br, F, CF3, CN, OH, OCH3, OC2H5, OCOCH3, OCN, SCN, NH2, and NHCOCH3; w is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and R1 is a substituent selected from the list comprising H, CH3, C2H5, C3H7, i-C3H7, CH2CH2CH2CH3, CH(CH3)CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)CH3 and C(CH3)3 and L is a linking group.

Abstract: A patterned retarder includes at least one retardation plate comprising a substrate substantially transparent in visible spectral range and having front and rear surfaces and a set of parallel stripes located on front surface of the substrate and possessing in-plane retardation.

Abstract: The present invention is related to 6,7-dihydrobenzimidazo[1,2-c]quinazolin-6-one derivatives of the general structural formula (I), where X is a carboxylic group COOH, m is 0, 1, 2 or 3; Y is a sulfonic group SO3H, n is 0, 1, 2 or 3; Z is an acid amide group L-NH2; p is 0, 1, 2 or 3; K is a counterion selected from the list comprising H+, NH4+, Na+, K+, Li+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, and Al3+; s is the number of counterions providing neutral state of the molecule; R is a substituent selected from the list comprising CH3, C2H5, NO2, Cl, Br, F, CF3, CN, OH, OCH3, OC2H5, OCOCH3, OCN, SCN, NH2, and NHCOCH3; w is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and R1 is a substituent selected from the list comprising H, CH3, C2H5, C3H7, i-C3H7, CH2CH2CH2CH3, CH(CH3)CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)CH3 and C(CH3)3 and L is a linking group.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of organic chemistry and particularly to the organic compound for organic photovoltaic devices. More specifically, the present invention is related to the organic compounds and the organic photovoltaic devices based on these compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of macro- and microelectronics with the potential for large-scale integration, optics, communications, and computer technology and particularly to the materials for these and other related fields. The present invention provides an anisotropic semiconductor film on a substrate, comprising at least one solid layer of material that comprises predominantly planar graphene-like carbon-based structures and possesses anisotropy of conductivity, and wherein the layer thickness is in a range from approximately 5 nm to 1000 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of macro- and microelectronics with the potential for large-scale integration, optics, communications, and computer technology and particularly to the materials for these and other related fields. The present invention provides an anisotropic semiconductor film on a substrate, comprising at least one solid layer of material that comprises predominantly planar graphene-like carbon-based structures and possesses anisotropy of conductivity, and wherein the layer thickness is in a range from approximately 5 nm to 1000 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of macro- and microelectronics with the potential for large-scale integration, optics, communications, and computer technology and particularly to the materials for these and other related fields. The present invention provides an anisotropic semiconductor film on a substrate, comprising at least one solid layer of material that comprises predominantly planar graphene-like carbon-based structures and possesses anisotropy of conductivity, and wherein the layer thickness is in a range from approximately 5 nm to 1000 nm.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to backlight modules for display devices and liquid crystal displays incorporating the same, and more particularly, to a backlight module for generating light with a single polarization state. The present invention provides a backlight module, comprising an optical cavity for reflecting and depolarizing light that is incident upon a front surface of said optical cavity and a multilayer polarizer comprising a plurality of layers. Said multilayer polarizer faces the front surface of the optical cavity and the layers are arranged in such a way that a light of polarization substantially parallel to the transmission axis of said multilayer polarizer is substantially transmitted and the light of substantially orthogonal polarization is substantially reflected by said multilayer polarizer in at least one predetermined wavelength subrange of the visible wavelength range.

Abstract: This invention relates to polycyclic organic compounds of a general structural formula (I): wherein Y is a predominantly planar polycyclic system being at least partially aromatic, W1, W2, and W3 are different groups providing solubility in an organic solvent, and sum n1+n2+n3 is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10, which are capable of forming supramolecular structures in a wide range of organic solvents, and which are capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation in at least one subrange of the visible spectral range.

Abstract: The disclosed polarizer comprises at least one substrate made of a birefringent material, and a polarizing plate located on the substrate. The substrate possesses anisotropic property of positive A-type and has a slow optical axis parallel to the substrate surface. The polarizing plate possesses anisotropic absorption of the electromagnetic radiation in at least one subrange of the visible spectral range, and a transmission axis of the polarizing plate and the slow optical axis of the substrate are directed substantially parallel to each other.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display panel with improved image contrast comprising an array of pixel regions and a sequence of a recycling backlight structure comprising broadband rear interference polar (RI-Polar) having a transmission axis AB with preset orientation, a spatial intensity modulation structure comprising a broadband front interference polar (FI-Polar) having a transmission axis approximately parallel to the transmission axis AB, a spectral filtering structure, and antireflection means. Each said pixel region spatially encompasses a plurality of subpixel regions. The RI-Polar and FI-Polar are multilayer structures of stacked layers. At least one layer of each structure is optically anisotropic, made by means of Cascade Crystallization Process and characterized by a globally ordered biaxial crystalline structure with an intermolecular spacing of 3.4±0.3 ? in the direction approximately parallel to the transmission axis AB.