Abstract: Synthesis of imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s is disclosed. Chemical Mechanical Planarization (CMP) slurries comprise abrasives; activator; oxidizing agent; additive comprising imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid); and water. The use of the synthesized imidazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s in the CMP slurries reduces dishing and erosion in highly selective tungsten slurries.

Abstract: A two-bit memory device having a layer structure containing in order a bottom layer, a molecular layer containing a chiral compound having at least one polar functional group, and a top layer, which is electrically conductive and ferromagnetic. The chiral compound acts as a spin filter for electrons passing through the molecular layer. The chiral compound is of flexible conformation and has a conformation-flexible molecular dipole moment. An electrical resistance of the layer structure for an electrical current running from the bottom layer to the top layer has at least four distinct states which depend on the magnetization of the top layer and on the orientation of the conformation-flexible dipole moment of the chiral compound. Furthermore, a method for operating the two-bit memory device and an electronic component containing at least one two-bit memory device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystalline medium comprising dichroitic dyes made of benzothiadiazoles and related extended heterocyclic derivatives, the use of said medium for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in devices for regulating the passage of radiation energy from an outside space into an inside space, for example in windows. The invention further relates to devices containing the liquid crystalline medium according to the invention. Some new dichroitic dyes are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of an electronic component comprising a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) using compounds of the formula I R1-(A1-Z1)r—(B1)n—(Z2-A2)s-Sp-G??(I) in which the groups occurring have the meanings defined in Claim 1; the present invention furthermore relates to the use of the components in electronic switching elements and to compounds for the production of the SAM.

Abstract: An electronic switching device, in particular tunnel junctions, containing an organic molecular layer for use in memory, sensors, field-effect transistors or Josephson junctions. More particularly, related to the field of random access non-volatile memristive memories (RRAM). Another aspect is a compound of formula I for use in a molecular layer. Also, the use of the molecular layer and processes for the production and operation of an electronic switching element and components based thereon.

Abstract: The present invention relates to azo dye of formula I defined in claim 1, to a liquid crystalline medium comprising said azo dye, the use of said medium for optical, electrooptical and electronic purposes, in particular in devices for regulating the passage of energy from an outside space into an inside space, for example in windows. The invention further relates to a device containing the liquid crystalline medium according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to benzotriazole derivatives selected from the group of compounds of formulae Ia, Ib and Ic as defined in claim 1, to mesogenic media comprising the compounds of formulae Ia, Ib and Ic, and to the use of these compounds and mesogenic media in optical, electronic and electro-optical applications, in particular in devices for regulating the passage of energy from an outside space into an inside space, for example in windows.

Abstract: The present invention relates to azo dye of formula I defined in claim 1, to a liquid crystalline medium comprising said azo dye, the use of said medium for optical, electrooptical and electronic purposes, in particular in devices for regulating the passage of energy from an outside space into an inside space, for example in windows. The invention further relates to a device containing the liquid crystalline medium according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electronic switching device comprising an organic molecular layer in contact with a metal nitride electrode for use in memory, sensors, field-effect transistors or Josephson junctions. More particularly, the invention is included in the field of random access non-volatile memristive memories (RRAM). The invention thus further relates to an electronic component comprising a crossbar array comprising a multitude of said electronic switching devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of a molecular layer on a substrate using atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques, for use in electronic components, in particular in memory elements of the ReRAM type. The present invention furthermore relates to compounds for the production of the molecular layer and to memory elements comprising the molecular layer.

Abstract: An electronic switching element is described having, in sequence, a first electrode, a molecular layer bonded to a substrate, and a second electrode. The molecular layer contains compounds of formula I, R1-(A1-Z1)r—B1—(Z2-A2)s-Sp-G, wherein A1, A2, B1, Z1, Z2, Sp, G, r, and s are as defined herein, in which a mesogenic radical is bonded to the substrate via a spacer group, Sp, by means of an anchor group, G. The switching element is suitable for production of components that can operate as a memristive device for digital information storage.

Abstract: A two-bit memory device having a layer structure containing in order a bottom layer, a molecular layer containing a chiral compound having at least one polar functional group, and a top layer, which is electrically conductive and ferromagnetic. The chiral compound acts as a spin filter for electrons passing through the molecular layer. The chiral compound is of flexible conformation and has a conformation-flexible molecular dipole moment. An electrical resistance of the layer structure for an electrical current running from the bottom layer to the top layer has at least four distinct states which depend on the magnetization of the top layer and on the orientation of the conformation-flexible dipole moment of the chiral compound. Furthermore, a method for operating the two-bit memory device and an electronic component containing at least one two-bit memory device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystalline medium comprising dichroitic dyes made of benzothiadiazoles and related extended heterocyclic derivatives, the use of said medium for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in devices for regulating the passage of radiation energy from an outside space into an inside space, for example in windows. The invention further relates to devices containing the liquid crystalline medium according to the invention. Some new dichroitic dyes are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compounds of formula I R1-(A1-Z1)r—B1—ZL-A2-(Z3-A3)s-G ??(I) in which the occurring groups and parameters have the meanings given in claim 1, to the use thereof for the formation of molecular layers, in particular self assembled monolayers, to a process for the fabrication of a switching element for memristive devices comprising said molecular layers and to a memristic device comprising said switching element.

Abstract: The present invention relates to diamondoid compounds of formula I D1-ZD-(A1-Z1)r-B1-(Z2-A2)s-Sp-G ??(I) in which the occurring groups and parameters have the meanings given in claim 1, to the use thereof for the formation of molecular layers, in particular self assembled monolayers (SAM), to a process for the fabrication of a switching element for memristive devices comprising said molecular layers and to a memristic device comprising said switching element.

Abstract: Polyfluorinated additives for use as components in liquid-crystal mixtures. Liquid-crystal mixtures which comprise these compounds. And liquid-crystal displays based on these liquid-crystal mixtures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline media comprising one or more pleochroic compounds, and one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formulae I, II and III, in which the groups have the meanings as set forth in claim 1, and to components comprising these media for high-frequency technology, in particular phase shifters and microwave array antennas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid crystalline media comprising one or more benzothiadiazol derivatives of formula I, in which R11, R12, A11, A12, A21, A22, Z11, Z12, Z21, Z22, W, X11, X12, r and s have the meanings indicated in claim 1, to the use of such liquid crystal media for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in devices for regulating the passage of energy from an outside space into an inside space, for example in windows.

Abstract: An electronic switching element is described having, in sequence, a first electrode, a molecular layer bonded to a substrate, and a second electrode. The molecular layer contains compounds of formula I, R1-(A1-Z1)r—B1—(Z2-A2)s-Sp-G, wherein A1, A2, B1, Z1, Z2, Sp, G, r, and s are as defined herein, in which a mesogenic radical is bonded to the substrate via a spacer group, Sp, by means of an anchor group, G. The switching element is suitable for production of components that can operate as a memristive device for digital information storage.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of an electronic component comprising a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) using compounds of the formula I R1-(A1-Z1)r—(B1)n—(Z2-A2)s-Sp-G ??(I) in which the groups occurring have the meanings defined in claim 1; the present invention furthermore relates to the use of the components in electronic switching elements and to compounds for the production of the SAM.