Abstract: The present application relates to a device for regulating the passage of light which is characterised in that it comprises a layer comprising a liquid-crystalline mixture containing a characteristic structural element.

Abstract: The present application relates to a device for regulating the passage of energy from an outside space into an inside space, where the device comprises a switching layer comprising one or more dichroic dyes of a formula (I) or formula (II).

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid-crystalline medium which is suitable for use in a guest-host system. The application furthermore relates to an LC device, preferably a device for the regulation of the passage of energy, containing the liquid-crystalline medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline media (LC media) having negative or positive dielectric anisotropy comprising self-alignment additives (SAMs) with an at least one bifunctional or polyfunctional anchor group, which effects the homeotropic (vertical) alignment of the LC media at a surface or the cell walls of a liquid-crystal display (LC display). The invention therefore also encompasses LC displays having homeotropic alignment of the liquid-crystalline medium (LC medium) without conventional imide alignment layers. The LC media may be supplemented by a polymerizable or polymerized component, which serves for stabilisation of the alignment, for adjustment of the tilt angle and/or as passivation layer.

Abstract: The application relates to a liquid-crystalline medium comprising at least one dichroic dye having a rylene structure which absorbs red light. The application furthermore relates to a device, preferably a device for the regulation of the passage of energy through a light-transmitting area, which contains the liquid-crystalline medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of electrically semiconducting or conducting metal-oxide layers having improved conductivity which is suitable, in particular, for the production of flexible thin-film transistors, to metal-oxide layers produced thereby, and to the use thereof for the production of electronic components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds containing perfluoroalkyl-cyano-alkoxy-borate anions or perfluoroalkyl-cyano-alkoxy-fluoro-borate anions, ((per)fluoro)phenyl-cyano-alkoxy-borate anions or ((per)fluoro)phenyl-cyano-alkoxy-fluoro-borate anions or phenyl-cyano-alkoxy-borate anions which are monosubstituted or disubstituted with perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms or phenyl-cyano-alkoxy-fluoro-borate anions which are monosubstituted or disubstituted with perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms, the preparation thereof and the use thereof, in particular as part of electrolyte formulations for dye sensitized solar cells.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrolyte formulations comprising at least one compound of formula (I) Ma+[B(Rf)(CN)x(F)y]a— (I) in which Ma+ is an inorganic or organic cation, Rf denotes straight-chain or branched perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms, C6F5, C6H5, partially fluorinated phenyl or phenyl which is monosubstituted or disubstituted by perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms, a is 1 or 2, x is 1, 2 or 3, y is 0, 1 or 2 and x+y is 3 and their use in an electrochemical and/or optoelectronic device such as a photovoltaic cell, a capacitor, a light emitting device, an electrochromic or photo-electrochromic device, an electrochemical sensor and/or biosensor, preferably their use in a dye or quantum dot sensitized solar cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrolyte formulations comprising at least one imidazolium difluorodicyanoborate or pyrrolidinium difluorodicyanoborate and their use in an electrochemical and/or optoelectronic device such as a photovoltaic cell, a light emitting device, an electrochromic or photo-electrochromic device, an electrochemical sensor and/or biosensor, preferably their use in a dye or quantum dot-sensitized solar cell.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of ring compounds via a combinatorial synthesis, the reaction procedure is based on a Suzuki coupling; subsequent halo-demetallation and finally a further Suzuki coupling. The Suzuki couplings are each carried out with a boronic acid or a boronic acid ester. The reaction procedure uses provides novel ring compounds and uses novel synthesis units used for this purpose. The novel ring compounds are suitable for use as constituents in liquid-crystalline mixtures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrolyte formulations comprising at least one imidazolium difluorodicyanoborate or pyrrolidinium difluorodicyanoborate and their use in an electrochemical and/or optoelectronic device such as a photovoltaic cell, a light emitting device, an electrochromic or photo-electrochromic device, an electrochemical sensor and/or biosensor, preferably their use in a dye or quantum dot-sensitized solar cell

Abstract: The present invention relates to electrolyte formulations comprising at least one compound of formula (I) Ma+[B(Rf)(CN)x(F)y]a— (I) in which Ma+ is an inorganic or organic cation, Rf denotes straight-chain or branched perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms, C6F5, C6H5, partially fluorinated phenyl or phenyl which is monosubstituted or disubstituted by perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms, a is 1 or 2, x is 1, 2 or 3, y is 0, 1 or 2 and x+y is 3 and their use in an electrochemical and/or optoelectronic device such as a photovoltaic cell, a capacitor, a light emitting device, an electrochromic or photo-electrochromic device, an electrochemical sensor and/or biosensor, preferably their use in a dye or quantum dot sensitized solar cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds containing perfluoroalkyl-cyano-alkoxy-borate anions or perfluoroalkyl-cyano-alkoxy-fluoro-borate anions, ((per)fluoro)phenyl-cyano-alkoxy-borate anions or ((per)fluoro)phenyl-cyano-alkoxy-fluoro-borate anions or phenyl-cyano-alkoxy-borate anions which are monosubstituted or disubstituted with perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms or phenyl-cyano-alkoxy-fluoro-borate anions which are monosubstituted or disubstituted with perfluoroalkyl groups having 1 to 4 C atoms, the preparation thereof and the use thereof, in particular as part of electrolyte formulations for dye sensitized solar cells.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of ring compounds via a combinatorial synthesis, the reaction procedure is based on a Suzuki coupling; subsequent halo-demetallation and finally a further Suzuki coupling. The Suzuki couplings are each carried out with a boronic acid or a boronic acid ester. The reaction procedure uses provides novel ring compounds and uses novel synthesis units used for this purpose. The novel ring compounds are suitable for use as constituents in liquid-crystalline mixtures.

Abstract: The present invention is related to compounds for use in liquid crystal media, liquid crystal media comprising said compounds, the use of said media in electro-optical devices, said electro-optical devices, and the use of said compounds in mesogenic media for use in electro-optical devices that may be operated in an optically isotropic state.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of ring compounds via a combinatorial synthesis, the reaction procedure is based on a Suzuki coupling, subsequent halo-demetallation and finally a further Suzuki coupling. The Suzuki couplings are each carried out with a boronic acid or a boronic acid ester. The reaction procedure uses provides novel ring compounds and uses novel synthesis units used for this purpose. The novel ring compounds are suitable for use as constituents in liquid-crystalline mixtures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fatty acid esters of polyols or sulfonated fatty acid esters or sulfonated fatty acid amides containing at least one group Y, where Y stands for CF3—(CH2)a—O—, SF5—, CF3—(CH2)a—S—, CF3CF2S—, [CF3—(CH2)a]2N— or [CF3—(CH2)a]NH—, where a stands for an integer selected from the range from 0 to 5, or formula (I), where Rf stands for CF3—(CH2)r—, CF3—(CH2)r—O—, CF3—(CH2)r—S—, CF3CF2—S—, SF5—(CH2)t— or [CF3—(CH2)r]2N—, [CF3—(CH2)r]NH— or (CF3)2N—(CH2)r—, B stands for a single bond, O, NH, NR, CH2, C(O)—O, C(O), S, CH2—O, O—C(O), N—C(O), C(O)—N, O—C(O)—N, N—C(O)—N, O—SO2 or SO2—O, R stands for alkyl having 1 to 4 C atoms, b stands for 0 or 1 and c stands for 0 or 1, q stands for 0 or 1, where at least one radical from b and q stands for 1, and r stands for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, to processes for the preparation of these compounds, and to uses of these surface-active compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fatty acid alkanolamides or polyolamides containing at least one group Y, where Y stands for CF3—(CH2)a—O—, SF5—, CF3—(CH2)a—S—, CF3CF2S—, [CF3—(CH2)a]2N— or [CF3—(CH2)a]NH—, where a stands for an integer selected from the range from 0 to 5, or formula (I), where Rf stands for CF3—(CH2)r—, CF3—(CH2)r—O—, CF3—(CH2)r—S—, CF3CF2—S—, SF5—(CH2)r— or [CF3—(CH2)r]2N—, [CF3—(CH2)r]NH— or (CF3)2N—(CH2)r—, B stands for a single bond, O, NH, NR, CH2, C(O)—O, C(O), S, CH2—O, O—C(O), N—C(O), C(O)—N, O—C(O)—N, N—C(O)—N, O—SO2 or SO2—O, R stands for alkyl having 1 to 4 C atoms, b stands for 0 or 1 and c stands for 0 or 1, q stands for 0 or 1, where at least one radical from b and q stands for 1, and r stands for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, to processes for the preparation of these compounds, and to uses of these surface-active compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of end groups Y, where Y stands for CF3O— or F5S—, as hydrophobic end group in surface-active compounds, corresponding novel compounds, and processes for the preparation of these compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds containing CF3O end groups, to the use thereof as surface-active substances, and to processes for the preparation of these compounds.