Abstract: Embodiments of this disclosure provide techniques for receiving reference signals by a user equipment (UE) from a base station in a downlink channel, as well as transmitting a linear combination index from the UE to the base station. In particular, the linear combination index identifies a combination of beams selected from a set of beams in accordance with the RS.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for operating in a reduced power mode (RPM) of a user equipment (UE) in communications with a base station pursusant to a normal power mode (NPM). The NPM is characterized by one or more normal-power parameters comprising a normal sampling frequency and a normal signal bandwidth. The RPM is characterized by one or more reduced-power parameters comprising a reduced sampling frequency or a partial signal bandwidth. The UE determines whether to enter into the RPM for a duration. In response to determining to enter into the RPM for the duration, the UE powers down into the RPM by operating with the one or more reduced-power parameters for the duration of the RPM. Upon expiry of the duration of the RPM by the UE, the UE powers up into the NPM by resuming to the sampling frequency of the NPM and the signal bandwidth of the NPM.

Abstract: A method for measuring beams includes determining a measurement period duration in accordance with periods of one or more periodic beam failure detection (BFD) reference signals (RSs) of a BFD RS set, wherein the BFD RSs of the one or more BFD RSs of the BFD RS set have a quasi-co-located (QCL) relationship with demodulation RSs (DMRSs) of PDCCH receptions monitored by a user equipment (UE), monitoring a subset of the one or more BFD RSs having the QCL relationship with the DMRSs of PDCCH receptions monitored by the UE that occur during a measurement period, and determining that measures of all BFD RSs in the subset of the one or more BFD RSs do not meet a specified threshold, and based thereon, reporting a beam failure (BF) instance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used in multi-AP and multi-wireless transmit/receive unit joint transmissions. The apparatus may be configured to transmit a joint transmission request on a first medium, and receive a joint transmission response on the first medium. In response, the apparatus my perform a joint transmission negotiation on a second medium and transmit data on the second medium based on the joint transmission negotiation. The apparatus may be configured to perform coordinated sectorized or beamformed transmissions through access point (AP)/PCP negotiations. The apparatus may provide an indication of support for joint transmission and coordinated sectorized or beamformed transmissions. The method and apparatus may also implement multi-AP/WTRU request-to-send (RTS)/clear-to-send (CTS) procedures. The apparatus may be configured to perform coordinated sectorized or beamforming grouping.

Abstract: A method and system for pretreating waste plastics and a method and system for producing an automotive fuel from waste plastics are provided. The method for pretreating waste plastics includes the steps of: 1) contacting a waste plastic with a pretreating agent and a solvent oil for impurity removal; and 2) subjecting the effluent from step 1) to solid-liquid separation to obtain an insoluble material and an impurity-removed plastic-containing solution. The impurity-removed plastic-containing solution obtained by the method and system for pretreating waste plastics has very low metal content, chlorine content and silicon content.

Abstract: A method for operating a user equipment includes receiving a first frame on a first channel associated with a first beam identified during a beam failure recovery procedure, and determining that an assumed quasi-co-located relationship exists between the first channel and the first beam, and based thereon, decoding the first frame in accordance with a first reference signal on the first channel and using a first spatial domain receive filter that was used to decode the first beam.

Abstract: A method for sidelink beam acquisition for device to device (D2D) communication includes calculating, by a base station, one or more first directions, where the one or more first directions are directions of a second electronic device located relative to a first electronic device; calculating, by the base station, one or more second directions, where the one or more second directions are directions of the first electronic device located relative to the second electronic device; transmitting, by the base station and to the first electronic device, the one or more first directions; and transmitting, by the base station and to the second electronic device, the one or more second directions.

Abstract: A station may receive a frame transmitted to a plurality of stations (STAs). The frame may indicate a first frequency resource allocated for the STA and a second frequency resource allocated for another STA of the plurality of STAs. The STA may transmit a data frame using the first frequency resource and receive an acknowledgement frame that acknowledges receipt of the data frame. The STA may receive a multiple user request to send (MU RTS) frame transmitted to the plurality of STAs and may subsequently transmit a clear to send (CTS) frame in response to receipt of the MU RTS frame. The RTS/CTS transmissions may occur prior to transmission of the data frame.

Abstract: Technologies directed to grant-free transmission communication methodology and systems are described. One method includes determining first data that is associated with data transmission between a communication device and a first user terminal (UT). The method further includes determining, based on the first data, second data. The second data indicates communication resources associated with an uplink to the communication system that is allocated to the first UT. The second data further indicates that the communication resources are available for sending additional data by other non-scheduled UTs. The method further includes sending the second data to the first UT and receiving third data using the communication resources. The method further includes identifying a first portion of the third data that is associated with data transmission by a second UT. The method further includes identifying a second portion of the third data that is associated with data transmission by the first UT.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used to support coordinated and cooperative sectorized transmissions. Power control and clear channel assessment for sectorized transmissions may be used, along with sectorized beacon and associated procedures. Transmissions in a network may be protected by a first access point (AP) sending an omni-directional transmission and a beamformed or sectorized transmission to a station (STA), an overlapping basic service set (OBSS) confirming a spatially orthogonal (SO) condition based on the omni-directional transmission, and a second AP monitoring the omni-directional transmission and confirming the SO condition. The STA may be configured to receive a request-to-send (RTS) frame indicating data is available for transmission, and transmit a cooperative sectorized (CS) clear-to-send (CTS) frame indicating an ability for multiple AP reception.

Abstract: A method for operating an access node includes generating a configuration message including information specifying a set of reference signals of a first reference signal type and a set of reference signals of a second reference signal type used to identify a new beam, and information specifying random access channel resources allocated for transmitting preamble sequences, wherein each random access channel resource is associated with a reference signal of the first reference signal type, sending, to one or more user equipments (UEs), the configuration message, receiving, from a UE, a preamble sequence on one of the random access channel resources, and determining an identity of the UE in accordance with the preamble sequence and the one of the random access channel resources.

Abstract: Technologies directed to co-channel interference detection using a signal correlation test are described. One method includes receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal and generating digital sample corresponding to the RF signal. The method further includes determining a first correlation coefficient using the digital samples, a first value, and a second value. The first value corresponds to a signal lag parameter and the second value corresponds to a cyclic frequency parameter. The method further includes determining a second correlation coefficient using the digital samples, the first value, and a third value corresponding to the cyclic frequency parameter. The second value and the third value are multiples of a fourth value. The method further includes determining, using the first correlation coefficient and the second correlation coefficient, that first RF signal comprises a first portion from a second communication device and a second portion from a third communication device.

Abstract: A method for operating a user equipment includes receiving a first frame on a first channel associated with a first beam identified during a beam failure recovery procedure, and determining that an assumed quasi-co-located relationship exists between the first channel and the first beam, and based thereon, decoding the first frame in accordance with a first reference signal on the first channel and using a first spatial domain receive filter that was used to decode the first beam.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used in multi-AP and multi-wireless transmit/receive unit joint transmissions. The apparatus may be configured to transmit a joint transmission request on a first medium, and receive a joint transmission response on the first medium. In response, the apparatus my perform a joint transmission negotiation on a second medium and transmit data on the second medium based on the joint transmission negotiation. The apparatus may be configured to perform coordinated sectorized or beamformed transmissions through access point (AP)/PCP negotiations. The apparatus may provide an indication of support for joint transmission and coordinated sectorized or beamformed transmissions. The method and apparatus may also implement multi-AP/WTRU request-to-send (RTS)/clear-to-send (CTS) procedures. The apparatus may be configured to perform coordinated sectorized or beamforming grouping.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to the field of biomedical materials, and in particular relates to a medical hydrogel, a preparation method and uses thereof, and a kit for preparing the medical hydrogel. The medical hydrogel of the present disclosure comprises a hydrogel skeleton, and a chelating agent chelated to the hydrogel skeleton; wherein the hydrogel skeleton comprises a polymer that is formed by the bonding of a polyethylene glycol derivative I having a structure shown in Formula (I) and a polyethylene glycol derivative II having a structure shown in Formula (II) and has multiple “long arms”. After tannic acid and/or citric acid as a chelating agent chelates with the hydrogel skeleton, a medical hydrogel can be obtained, which has good bacteriostatic properties, mechanical properties, adhesion properties, low swelling properties, and controllable gel formation rate and degradation rate.

Abstract: A method for operating an access node includes sending to a user equipment (UE) configuration information of a discontinuous reception (DRX) mode including DRX-ON periods for sending physical downlink control channels (PDCCHs) to the UE, and configuration information for an uplink transmission associated with a DRX-ON period, the uplink transmission is configured for beam quality confirmation of a PDCCH transmitted during the DRX-ON period associated with the uplink transmission, receiving the uplink transmission, wherein a receive beam used to receive the uplink transmission and a transmit beam used to transmit the PDCCH transmitted during the DRX-ON period are beam correspondent, and determining a beam quality measurement for a channel between the access node and the UE in accordance with the received uplink transmission.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method includes sending, by an access node, to a user equipment (UE) configuration information for a beam quality reference signal (BQRS) that is associated with a discontinuous reception (DRX)-ON period used for sending a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) to the UE, wherein the BQRS has a spatial quasi-collocated (QCL) relationship with either the PDCCH or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) of the PDCCH. The method further includes sending, by the access node, the BQRS to the UE.

Abstract: Embodiments of this disclosure provide techniques for receiving reference signals by a user equipment (UE) from a base station in a downlink channel, as well as transmitting a linear combination index from the UE to the base station. In particular, the linear combination index identifies a combination of beams selected from a set of beams in accordance with the RS.

Abstract: A method for operating an access node includes receiving a first random access preamble in a first random access resource, wherein the first random access preamble and the first random access resource at least partially identifies a first beam selected by a user equipment (UE), and wherein the first random access resource is one of a plurality of random access resources assigned to the UE, and determining that first additional information associated with the first beam is needed, and based thereon, sending a first message responsive to the first random access preamble, the first message including a first information set to request the additional information associated with the first beam, and receiving a second message including the first additional information associated with the first beam.

Abstract: A method for operating an access node includes generating a configuration message including information specifying a set of reference signals of a first reference signal type and a set of reference signals of a second reference signal type used to identify a new beam, and information specifying random access channel resources allocated for transmitting preamble sequences, wherein each random access channel resource is associated with a reference signal of the first reference signal type, sending, to one or more user equipments (UEs), the configuration message, receiving, from a UE, a preamble sequence on one of the random access channel resources, and determining an identity of the UE in accordance with the preamble sequence and the one of the random access channel resources.