Abstract: A bioreactor for culturing of cells is described. Screens suitable as a cell growth scaffold may comprise crossed fibers. Screens may be contained loosely in a screen holder, which in turn may be contained inside a manifold assembly. A lower manifold, screen holder and upper manifold may have identical or similar interior open cross-sections. Flow of liquid medium can occur upwardly through the array of screens, then flowing over a weir in the presence of an air pocket, and into a moat and a pump. The screen holder may have slots whose exterior-facing ligaments are rounded, and may have grooves whose interior-facing edges are rounded. These components may be located inside an incubator suitable to maintain desired environmental conditions and cleanliness.

Abstract: Provided among other things are a cleaning composition comprising a carrier fluid comprising in the carrier fluid polymer comprising particulate super absorbent polymer (PSAP), wherein the PSAP as in the cleaning composition is substantially at the percolation volume fraction or higher; wherein the cleaning composition can be passed over a surface driven by a pressure drop effective to render the composition traditional biofilm (TBF) cleaning effective and protein cleaning effective.

Abstract: Provided among other things is a cleaning composition comprising: a carrier fluid; and Minute Fibrils suspended in the carrier fluid, wherein the composition is protein cleaning effective.

Abstract: Provided among other things are a cleaning composition comprising a carrier fluid comprising in the carrier fluid polymer comprising particulate super absorbent polymer (PSAP), wherein the PSAP as in the cleaning composition is substantially at the percolation volume fraction or higher; wherein the cleaning composition can be passed over a surface driven by a pressure drop effective to render the composition traditional biofilm (TBF) cleaning effective and protein cleaning effective.

Abstract: Provided among other things is a cleaning composition comprising: a carrier fluid; and Minute Fibrils suspended in the carrier fluid, wherein the composition is protein cleaning effective.

Abstract: Hollow fiber drug delivery devices are described. Device can contain structural or solid fibers. Fabric can be formed by fibers being interwoven or joined to each other. All or some of the fibers can be resorbable. Fibers can be subdivided, by deformations or closure points, into numerous compartments that separately deliver drug. Deformations can be located at points of fiber intersection or joining. Different drug or drug formulation can be provided in different places. Fibers can be given appropriate surface treatments or coatings to achieve desired properties such as wetting of pores and surfaces. Different release characteristics in different directions can be achieved. The hollow fibers can contain solid particles of drug, and can contain gel. Possible applications include hernia meshes, pouches, sutures, catheters, wound dressings, stents, nerve regrowth guides, refillable/drainable devices, and devices that deliver drug to lymphatic flow.

Abstract: An energy or water storage system can comprise a storage reservoir, a discharge reservoir, a pump for charging the storage reservoir, and a turbine or similar discharge device. The storage reservoir can comprise a flexible bag covered by overburden that creates pressure inside the bag. Energy is stored by raising the overburden. The bag can comprise a shaped internal filler piece to prevent formation of a crease at the bag edge. Solar panels can be mounted above any bag to make additional use of the land. Solar panels mounted on overburden can have tracking mechanisms and controls suitable to achieve desired orientation regardless of the slope of overburden. Elevation difference between the storage reservoir and discharge reservoir can be used, including an underground cavity. The bag can have internal tethers to influence bag shape.

Abstract: Disclosed are hollow fibers suitable for use in dialysis in an outside-in configuration. For such fibers, it is desirable that the fiber have a low albumin sieving coefficient and have a permeability high enough to be considered a High Flux dialyzer, and it is desirable that the outer (blood-facing) surface have a sufficiently small roughness and be hydrophilic. It is desirable that there be a selective layer on the outer surface and, interiorly of that, a porous structurally supportive region, which may contain elongated macrovoids. Such a fiber may be spun through a triple-concentric spinneret that produces a bore liquid surrounded by dope surrounded by a shower. The shower and the coagulation bath may be pure water, which is a non-solvent. The process may be performed at room temperature. Spinning parameters are discussed.

Abstract: Provided among other things is a sampling system for determining an amount or type of contamination a narrow, elongated passageway in a medical device, said sampling system comprising: (a) a fluid supply system that supplies to said passageway a sampling liquid for flowing through said passageway and a gas for flowing through said passageway; and (b) a receiving container that receives liquid from said passageway, wherein said sampling liquid is sterile, wherein said sampling liquid is configured to allow recovery of viable pathogens from the passageway, and wherein said sampling liquid comprises an amount and selection of surfactant effective to enhance the dislodgement of Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria from the narrow passageways.

Abstract: Hollow fiber drug delivery devices are described. Device can contain structural or solid fibers. Fabric can be formed by fibers being interwoven or joined to each other. All or some of the fibers can be resorbable. Fibers can be subdivided, by deformations or closure points, into numerous compartments that separately deliver drug. Deformations can be located at points of fiber intersection or joining. Different drug or drug formulation can be provided in different places. Fibers can be given appropriate surface treatments or coatings to achieve desired properties such as wetting of pores and surfaces. Different release characteristics in different directions can be achieved. The hollow fibers can contain solid particles of drug, and can contain gel. Possible applications include hernia meshes, pouches, sutures, catheters, wound dressings, stents, nerve regrowth guides, refillable/drainable devices, and devices that deliver drug to lymphatic flow.

Abstract: An implantable medical device, such as an intervertebral spacer, may comprise a polymeric component and a metallic component. The metallic component can contain both porous metal and substantially-solid metal. The polymeric material can contain particles of an osseointegrative material. The metallic component can be more protruding toward bone than the polymeric component while having a smaller dimension of roughness than the polymeric component. In embodiments, the pin may press-fit against substantially solid metal. The porous metal may surround solid metal which in turn may surround the pin. The pin may have a press-fit with metal and a looser fit with polymeric component, if the metal components and polymeric components are trapped. A pin may connect superior and inferior metal components by a press-fit. The central opening may be exposed to porous metal and also to substantially-solid metal and to polymer. Specific geometries of implants are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided among other things are a cleaning composition comprising a carrier fluid comprising in the carrier fluid polymer comprising particulate super absorbent polymer (PSAP), wherein the PSAP as in the cleaning composition is substantially at the percolation volume fraction or higher; wherein the cleaning composition can be passed over a surface driven by a pressure drop effective to render the composition traditional biofilm (TBF) cleaning effective and protein cleaning effective.

Abstract: An implantable medical device, such as an intervertebral spacer, may comprise a polymeric component and a metallic component. The metallic component can contain both porous metal and substantially-solid metal. The polymeric material can contain particles of an osseointegrative material. The metallic component can be more protruding toward bone than the polymeric component while having a smaller dimension of roughness than the polymeric component. In embodiments, the pin may press-fit against substantially solid metal. The porous metal may surround solid metal which in turn may surround the pin. The pin may have a press-fit with metal and a looser fit with polymeric component, if the metal components and polymeric components are trapped. A pin may connect superior and inferior metal components by a press-fit. The central opening may be exposed to porous metal and also to substantially-solid metal and to polymer. Specific geometries of implants are disclosed.

Abstract: An energy or water storage system can comprise a storage reservoir, a discharge reservoir, a pump for charging the storage reservoir, and a turbine or similar discharge device. The storage reservoir can comprise a flexible bag covered by overburden that creates pressure inside the bag. Energy is stored by raising the overburden. The bag can comprise a shaped internal filler piece to prevent formation of a crease at the bag edge. Solar panels can be mounted above any bag to make additional use of the land. Solar panels mounted on overburden can have tracking mechanisms and controls suitable to achieve desired orientation regardless of the slope of overburden. Elevation difference between the storage reservoir and discharge reservoir can be used, including an underground cavity. The bag can have internal tethers to influence bag shape.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention pertain to cartridges, systems and methods for performing hemodialysis and related extracorporeal blood treatment modalities and therapies, in which blood flows in the inter fiber space and dialysate flows in the lumens of hollow fibers. Appropriate connectors and fitting orientations may be provided. There may be provided orbital distributors, fanning of fibers, and features to promote uniformity of fiber spacing in the fiber bundle. Orbital distributors may contain contoured surfaces, flow redirectors, non-uniform-conductance flow elements, through-wall distributors, and other features. There may be subdivision of the fiber bundle into two groups of fibers with separate control fluid to each group. Appropriate systems may be provided for various therapies. Flow past the fibers may be parallel, transverse or other configuration.

Abstract: Hollow fiber drug delivery devices are described. Device can contain structural or solid fibers. Fabric can be formed by fibers being interwoven or joined to each other. All or some of the fibers can be resorbable. Fibers can be subdivided, by deformations or closure points, into numerous compartments that separately deliver drug. Deformations can be located at points of fiber intersection or joining. Different drug or drug formulation can be provided in different places. Fibers can be given appropriate surface treatments or coatings to achieve desired properties such as wetting of pores and surfaces. Different release characteristics in different directions can be achieved. The hollow fibers can contain solid particles of drug, and can contain gel. Possible applications include hernia meshes, pouches, sutures, catheters, wound dressings, stents, nerve regrowth guides, refillable/drainable devices, and devices that deliver drug to lymphatic flow.

Abstract: Provided among other things is a sampling system for determining an amount or type of contamination a narrow, elongated passageway in a medical device, said sampling system comprising: (a) a fluid supply system that supplies to said passageway a sampling liquid for flowing through said passageway and a gas for flowing through said passageway; and (b) a receiving container that receives liquid from said passageway, wherein said sampling liquid is sterile, wherein said sampling liquid is configured to allow recovery of viable pathogens from the passageway, and wherein said sampling liquid comprises an amount and selection of surfactant effective to enhance the dislodgement of Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria from the narrow passageways.

Abstract: Provided among other things is a sampling system for determining an amount or type of contamination a narrow, elongated passageway in a medical device, said sampling system comprising: (a) a fluid supply system that supplies to said passageway a sampling liquid for flowing through said passageway and a gas for flowing through said passageway; and (b) a receiving container that receives liquid from said passageway, wherein said sampling liquid is sterile, wherein said sampling liquid is configured to allow recovery of viable pathogens from the passageway, and wherein said sampling liquid comprises an amount and selection of surfactant effective to enhance the dislodgement of Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria from the narrow passageways.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention pertain to cartridges, systems and methods for performing hemodialysis and related extracorporeal blood treatment modalities and therapies, in which blood flows in the inter fiber space and dialysate flows in the lumens of hollow fibers. Appropriate connectors and fitting orientations may be provided. There may be provided orbital distributors, fanning of fibers, and features to promote uniformity of fiber spacing in the fiber bundle. Orbital distributors may contain contoured surfaces, flow redirectors, non-uniform-conductance flow elements, through-wall distributors, and other features. There may be subdivision of the fiber bundle into two groups of fibers with separate control fluid to each group. Appropriate systems may be provided for various therapies. Flow past the fibers may be parallel, transverse or other configuration.

Abstract: Provided among other things is a cleaning composition comprising: a carrier fluid; and Minute Fibrils suspended in the carrier fluid, wherein the composition is protein cleaning effective.