Abstract: A method for operating a fuel cell device, the fuel cell device having a fuel cell, and a motor vehicle having a drive system and the fuel cell device are disclosed. In order to avoid energy which has been made available by the fuel cell device being used merely to heat the fuel cell and therefore not being available for a consumer, there is provision according to the invention that the energy to be stored is limited as a function of the ambient temperature and the fuel cell device has for this purpose an ambient temperature-determining unit and a charge limiter which is connected to the ambient temperature-determining unit in a control signal-transmitting fashion.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of wear-resistant layers which are exposed to friction wear on surfaces of components of internal combustion engines. In the process, wear-resistant layers are formed on the respective surface by electric arc discharge under vacuum conditions. The wear-resistant layers are formed from at least approximately hydrogen-free tetrahedrally amorphous (ta-C) comprising a mixture of sp2 and sp3 hybridized. carbon and have a microhardness of at least 3500 HV and an arithmetical mean roughness value Ra of 0.1 ?m without a mechanical, physical and/or chemical surface processing taking place.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a fuel cell device (10), a fuel cell device (10) having a fuel cell (11), and a motor vehicle (20) having a drive system and a fuel cell device (10). In order to avoid energy which has been made available by the fuel cell device (10) being used merely to heat the fuel cell (11) and therefore not being available for a consumer, there is provision according to the invention that the energy to be stored is limited as a function of the ambient temperature and the fuel cell device (10) has for this purpose an ambient temperature-determining unit (17) and a charge limiter (16) which is connected to the ambient temperature-determining unit (17) in a control signal-transmitting fashion.

Abstract: An interface module has an integrated component for replacing a component on a circuit board, the terminal contacts on the bottom side of the interface module being designed as provided for the contacts of the component on the circuit board, the interface module being divided into an adaptor part as a base module and a protocol converter part as a tool access module.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain new pyridin analogues of Formula (I) to processes for preparing such compounds, to their utility as P2Y12 inhibitors and as anti-trombotic agents etc, their use as medicaments in cardiovascular diseases as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain new pyridin analogues of Formula (I), to processes for preparing such compounds, to their utility as P2Y12 inhibitors and as anti-trombotic agents etc, their use as medicaments in cardiovascular diseases as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain novel pyridin compounds of Formula (I) to processes for preparing such compounds, to their utility as P2Y12 inhibitors and as anti-thrombotic agents etc, and processes for their preparation, their use as medicaments in cardiovascular diseases as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: An interface module has an integrated component for replacing a component on a circuit board, the terminal contacts on the bottom side of the interface module being designed as provided for the contacts of the component on the circuit board, the interface module being divided into an adaptor part as a base module and a protocol converter part as a tool access module.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain novel pyridin compounds of Formula (I) to processes for preparing such compounds, to their utility as P2Y12 inhibitors and as anti-trombotic agents etc, and processes for their preparation, their use as medicaments in cardiovascular diseases as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain new pyridin analogues of Formula (I) Chemical formula should be inserted here. Please see paper copy Formula (I) to processes for preparing such compounds, to their utility as P2Y12 inhibitors and as anti-thrombotic agents etc, their use as medicaments in cardiovascular diseases as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: An access point (21) of an unlicensed mobile access network is provided with an analogue physical interface (26), arranged for communication with plain old telephony system—POTS—equipment (60). A converter (22) connected to the analogue physical interface (26) converts POTS signalling (65) into signalling (25) for a mobile communications system, and vice versa. The POTS-to-mobile converter (22) is connected to a converter (24) preferably according to the UMA standard for packeting and unpacketing of mobile communications system signalling (25) into IP packets (35). The POTS-to-mobile converter (22) is provided with an identity (23) that is interpretable by the mobile communications network. POTS services not directly available through the mobile communication network are preferably implemented in or in connection to the POTS-to-mobile converter (22).

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain new pyridin analogues of Formula (I) to processes for preparing such compounds, to their utility as P2Y12 inhibitors and as anti-trombotic agents etc, their use as medicaments in cardiovascular diseases as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain new pyridin analogues of Formula (I) to processes for preparing such compounds, to their utility as P2Y12 inhibitors and as anti-trombotic agents etc, their use as medicaments in cardiovascular diseases as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain new pyridin analogues of Formula (I) to processes for preparing such compounds, to their utility as P2Y12 inhibitors and as anti-trombotic agents etc, their use as medicaments in cardiovascular diseases as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain new pyridin analogues of Formula (I) to processes for preparing such compounds, to their utility as P2Y12 inhibitors and as anti-thrombotic agents etc, their use as medicaments in cardiovascular diseases as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.

Abstract: A method of ceasing operation of a fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack comprising a plurality of fuel cells, each fuel cell comprising at least one anode flow field and at least one cathode flow field for supplying fuel and oxidant thereto, the fuel comprising hydrogen, the method comprising the steps of disconnecting a primary load from the fuel cell stack; terminating the supply of oxidant to the disconnected fuel cell stack; terminating the supply of fuel to the disconnected fuel cell stack; recirculating the fuel through the at least one anode flow field of each fuel cell until all of the oxygen in the oxidant is substantially consumed; and maintaining a hydrogen depletion rate of less than about 3.0% hydrogen/° C. decrease in a fuel cell stack temperature as the fuel cell stack cools down to a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: A fuel cell subject to intermittent use may be operated in two distinct modes, a “summer” or a “winter” mode, depending on whether the cell is expected to be stored at below freezing temperatures or not. At steady state in summer mode, much of the cell interior may be fully saturated with water and thus may contain liquid water. While such conditions may be most desirable for performance reasons during operation, the presence of liquid water however may be detrimental when storing at below freezing temperatures. At steady state in winter mode, the cell interior is essentially sub-saturated throughout and liquid water is not present to form ice during storage. Winter mode operation allows for improved performance during startup, especially in automotive solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks.

Abstract: The nozzle serves for or for laser cutting. It has a main body and disposed on the main body a wear-resistant coating composed of a protective-coating material that comprises a metal material content and a non-metal material content, wherein the metal material content contains at least one of the metals aluminum, chrome and titanium, and the non-metal material content contains at least one of the elements nitrogen, oxygen, carbon and boron, especially in the form of a nitride, oxy-nitride, carbon nitride, boron nitride or boride.

Abstract: Improvements in startup time for an electrochemical fuel cell system from freezing and sub-freezing temperatures may be observed by minimizing the coolant volume in the coolant subsystem. In particular, this may be accomplished by having a two pump—dual loop cooling subsystem. During startup, one pump directs coolant through a startup coolant loop and after either the fuel cell stack or the coolant temperature reaches a predetermined threshold value, coolant from a main or standard coolant loop is then directed to the fuel cell stack. In an embodiment, coolant from the standard loop mixes with coolant in the startup loop after the predetermined threshold temperature is reached.

Abstract: The developer nozzle is employed to supply developer, in a photographic technique of a photoresist and etching process, for developing photoresist to a surface of a semiconductor process wafer at least partly covered with the photoresist. The face of the developer nozzle that comes to face the surface of the semiconductor wafer and that closes off the developer supply duct in the developer nozzle is flat.