Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for estimating timing and/or frequency of a wireless signal; the method including the steps: receiving a digitally modulated signal; extracting a plurality of signal samples associated with a short training field (STF) of a PHY protocol data unit (PPDU) of an 802.11 frame; performing correlation operations on the plurality of signal samples to generate a predetermined number of correlation peaks; comparing the generated correlation peaks with a variable dynamic threshold; and calculating timing and/or frequency of the digitally modulated signal using the outcome of the comparing step.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for estimating timing and/or frequency of a wireless signal; the method including the steps: receiving a digitally modulated signal; extracting a plurality of signal samples associated with a short training field (STF) of a PHY protocol data unit (PPDU) of an 802.11 frame; performing correlation operations on the plurality of signal samples to generate a predetermined number of correlation peaks; comparing the generated correlation peaks with a variable dynamic threshold; and calculating timing and/or frequency of the digitally modulated signal using the outcome of the comparing step.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for estimating timing and/or frequency of a wireless signal; the method including the steps: receiving a digitally modulated signal; extracting a plurality of signal samples associated with a short training field (STF) of a PHY protocol data unit (PPDU) of an 802.11 frame; performing correlation operations on the plurality of signal samples to generate a predetermined number of correlation peaks; comparing the generated correlation peaks with a variable dynamic threshold; and calculating timing and/or frequency of the digitally modulated signal using the outcome of the comparing step.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for estimating timing and/or frequency of a wireless signal; the method including the steps: receiving a digitally modulated signal; extracting a plurality of signal samples associated with a short training field (STF) of a PHY protocol data unit (PPDU) of an 802.11 frame; performing correlation operations on the plurality of signal samples to generate a predetermined number of correlation peaks; comparing the generated correlation peaks with a variable dynamic threshold; and calculating timing and/or frequency of the digitally modulated signal using the outcome of the comparing step.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a system and methods for waking-up a wireless receiver on a wireless network. The method includes the steps of: listening, by the wireless receiver, for signals in a predetermined frequency band periodically and decoding a wake-up key; validating the wake-up key by correlating the wake-up key with values stored in a memory using a first processing device; if the wake-up key is validated, decoding at least one PHY Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) and checking the value of one or more bits of the PPDU to validate the decoded PPDU as a wake-up PPDU; if the wake-up packet is validated, decoding a wake-up address and comparing the wake-up address to the station (STA) wake-up address; if the decoded wake-up address matches the STA wake-up address, powering-up a second processing device and confirming wake-up by exchanging an encrypted frame with Access Point (AP).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for estimating timing and/or frequency of a wireless signal; the method including the steps: receiving a digitally modulated signal; extracting a plurality of signal samples associated with a short training field (STF) of a PHY protocol data unit (PPDU) of an 802.11 frame; performing correlation operations on the plurality of signal samples to generate a predetermined number of correlation peaks; comparing the generated correlation peaks with a variable dynamic threshold; and calculating timing and/or frequency of the digitally modulated signal using the outcome of the comparing step.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for estimating timing and/or frequency of a wireless signal; the method including the steps: receiving a digitally modulated signal; extracting a plurality of signal samples associated with a short training field (STF) of a PHY protocol data unit (PPDU) of an 802.11 frame; performing correlation operations on the plurality of signal samples to generate a predetermined number of correlation peaks; comparing the generated correlation peaks with a variable dynamic threshold; and calculating timing and/or frequency of the digitally modulated signal using the outcome of the comparing step.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for estimating timing and/or frequency of a wireless signal; the method including the steps: receiving a digitally modulated signal; extracting a plurality of signal samples associated with a short training field (STF) of a PHY protocol data unit (PPDU) of an 802.11 frame; performing correlation operations on the plurality of signal samples to generate a predetermined number of correlation peaks; comparing the generated correlation peaks with a variable dynamic threshold; and calculating timing and/or frequency of the digitally modulated signal using the outcome of the comparing step.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a system and methods for waking-up a wireless receiver on a wireless network. The method includes the steps of: listening, by the wireless receiver, for signals in a predetermined frequency band periodically and decoding a wake-up key; validating the wake-up key by correlating the wake-up key with values stored in a memory using a first processing device; if the wake-up key is validated, decoding at least one PHY Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) and checking the value of one or more bits of the PPDU to validate the decoded PPDU as a wake-up PPDU; if the wake-up packet is validated, decoding a wake-up address and comparing the wake-up address to the station (STA) wake-up address; if the decoded wake-up address matches the STA wake-up address, powering-up a second processing device and confirming wake-up by exchanging an encrypted frame with Access Point (AP).

Abstract: An apparatus for testing a razor blade comprises a base, a material support table, a material sample, a transport carriage, a blade retention assembly, and a razor blade. The material support table is supported by the base. The transport carriage is movably coupled with the base and is movable with respect to the material support table between a start position and an end position. The blade retention assembly is movably coupled with the transport carriage and is movable with respect to the material support table between a blade-engaged position and a blade disengaged position. The blade retention assembly is movable together with the transport carriage between the start position and the end position. The blade is releasably attached to the blade retention assembly. The razor blade contacts the material sample when the blade retention assembly is in the blade-engaged position. Methods are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for estimating timing and/or frequency of a wireless signal; the method including the steps: receiving a digitally modulated signal; extracting a plurality of signal samples associated with a short training field (STF) of a PHY protocol data unit (PPDU) of an 802.11 frame; performing correlation operations on the plurality of signal samples to generate a predetermined number of correlation peaks; comparing the generated correlation peaks with a variable dynamic threshold; and calculating timing and/or frequency of the digitally modulated signal using the outcome of the comparing step.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a system and methods for waking-up a wireless receiver on a wireless network. The method includes the steps of: listening, by the wireless receiver, for signals in a predetermined frequency band periodically and decoding a wake-up key; validating the wake-up key by correlating the wake-up key with values stored in a memory using a first processing device; if the wake-up key is validated, decoding at least one PHY Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) and checking the value of one or more bits of the PPDU to validate the decoded PPDU as a wake-up PPDU; if the wake-up packet is validated, decoding a wake-up address and comparing the wake-up address to the station (STA) wake-up address; if the decoded wake-up address matches the STA wake-up address, powering-up a second processing device and confirming wake-up by exchanging an encrypted frame with Access Point (AP).

Abstract: Provided are a method for preparing a food product, which uses a lipase to catalyze the hydrolysis of fat and phospholipids in a base composition, and a food product produced by the method. The present method may increase the viscosity of the base composition having a low fat content and/or improve the stability of the food product even without added emulsifiers.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing a razor blade comprises a base, a material support table, a material sample, a transport carriage, a blade retention assembly, and a razor blade. The material support table is supported by the base. The transport carriage is movably coupled with the base and is movable with respect to the material support table between a start position and an end position. The blade retention assembly is movably coupled with the transport carriage and is movable with respect to the material support table between a blade-engaged position and a blade disengaged position. The blade retention assembly is movable together with the transport carriage between the start position and the end position. The blade is releasably attached to the blade retention assembly. The razor blade contacts the material sample when the blade retention assembly is in the blade-engaged position. Methods are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing a razor blade comprises a base, a material support table, a material sample, a transport carriage, a blade retention assembly, and a razor blade. The material support table is supported by the base. The transport carriage is movably coupled with the base and is movable with respect to the material support table between a start position and an end position. The blade retention assembly is movably coupled with the transport carriage and is movable with respect to the material support table between a blade-engaged position and a blade disengaged position. The blade retention assembly is movable together with the transport carriage between the start position and the end position. The blade is releasably attached to the blade retention assembly. The razor blade contacts the material sample when the blade retention assembly is in the blade-engaged position. Methods are also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing a razor blade comprises a base, a material support table, a material sample, a transport carriage, a blade retention assembly, and a razor blade. The material support table is supported by the base. The transport carriage is movably coupled with the base and is movable with respect to the material support table between a start position and an end position. The blade retention assembly is movably coupled with the transport carriage and is movable with respect to the material support table between a blade-engaged position and a blade disengaged position. The blade retention assembly is movable together with the transport carriage between the start position and the end position. The blade is releasably attached to the blade retention assembly. The razor blade contacts the material sample when the blade retention assembly is in the blade-engaged position. Methods are also provided.

Abstract: A dental implant identification system of the non-contact type has a dental implant (260) and a non-contact tip (262) of a reader probe (263). The dental implant (260) has a non-contact RFID tag (264), which is cylindrical in shape, positioned immovably inside an open cylindrical cavity (266) within the main body of the dental implant (260), The non-contact tip (262) of the reader probe (263) includes, at its leading end, a reader antenna coil (268) (which is a transmitter receiver element in the form of a power coil), a coil positioning spring (270) and a reader positioning collar (272). The reader antenna coil (268) is electrically connected to, and receives its power through, wiring (273) from a match circuit (274) along which current flows.

Abstract: In a method of establishing communication between a primary node and secondary nodes over communications channels, the secondary nodes are placed in a sleep state in the absence of active communications and are responsive to a wake-up message transmitted over the one or more communications channels from the primary node to enter a wake-up state. A wake-up message is sent from an instigator at the primary node to a receptor at a said secondary node. The communications channels with the receptor at said secondary node are periodically sniffed for a valid wake-up message. In response to reception of a valid wake-up message the receptor places the secondary node in the wake-up state. The instigator and receptor employ a selected operational mode being defined by the timing of the wake-up message and sniff pattern at the receptor. The selected operational mode is changed to suit different channel conditions.

Abstract: A wake-up system includes an instigator for transmitting a wake-up message from a primary node to a receiver at a secondary node. The instigator sends a wake-up on either first RF channel or a second RF channel having respective frequencies such that the second RF channel is an image of the first RF channel at a local oscillator frequency of the receiver. The receiver includes an RF filter that passes both the image and non-image channels, a frequency generator for generating a local oscillator signal at the local oscillator frequency, and a mixer for mixing the filtered modulated RF signal with said local oscillator signal to generate a modulated intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The receiver monitors both the image and non-image channels simultaneously for a valid wake-up message. A wake-up message detector indicates a wake-up condition in response to the reception of a valid wake-up message.

Abstract: A wake-up system includes an instigator for transmitting a wake-up message from a primary node to a receiver at a secondary node. The instigator sends a wake-up on either first RF channel or a second RF channel having respective frequencies such that the second RF channel is an image of the first RF channel at a local oscillator frequency of the receiver. The receiver includes an RF filter that passes both the image and non-image channels, a frequency generator for generating a local oscillator signal at the local oscillator frequency, and a mixer for mixing the filtered modulated RF signal with said local oscillator signal to generate a modulated intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The receiver monitors both the image and non-image channels simultaneously for a valid wake-up message. A wake-up message detector indicates a wake-up condition in response to the reception of a valid wake-up message.