Abstract: The present disclosure describes devices, methods and systems for modifying or altering gait kinematics via sensory augmentation and/or modifying muscle activation patterns via augmented motor learning to slow the progression of and/or reduce the pain associated with knee OA, particularly during gait (e.g., walking, running, stair climbing, etc.). Sensors can be used to measure gait parameters and characteristics and muscle activation patterns. Stimulation can be provided to the individual in order to promote learning new gait kinematics and muscle activation patterns.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing a razor blade comprises a base, a material support table, a material sample, a transport carriage, a blade retention assembly, and a razor blade. The material support table is supported by the base. The transport carriage is movably coupled with the base and is movable with respect to the material support table between a start position and an end position. The blade retention assembly is movably coupled with the transport carriage and is movable with respect to the material support table between a blade-engaged position and a blade disengaged position. The blade retention assembly is movable together with the transport carriage between the start position and the end position. The blade is releasably attached to the blade retention assembly. The razor blade contacts the material sample when the blade retention assembly is in the blade-engaged position. Methods are also provided.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention is a system to maximize efficiency as a mobile terminal receives data signals transmitted through multiple satellite spot beams. The multiple spot beams can be broadcast via a single satellite or multiple satellites. As a mobile terminal travels throughout a region, the system determines which spot beam would delivers data in the most efficient manner possible. This system takes into account multiple factors, including but not limited to velocity of the mobile terminal, traffic within a spot beam, business affiliations, etc. Once the system takes into account the various factors, an embodiment of the present invention generates a relative weighted factor that is subsequently associated with various available spot beams. Based on rankings of the weighted factors associated with each spot beam, the system may choose to receive data from a different spot beam.

Abstract: A dental implant identification system of the non-contact type has a dental implant (260) and a non-contact tip (262) of a reader probe (263). The dental implant (260) has a non-contact RFID tag (264), which is cylindrical in shape, positioned immovably inside an open cylindrical cavity (266) within the main body of the dental implant (260), The non-contact tip (262) of the reader probe (263) includes, at its leading end, a reader antenna coil (268) (which is a transmitter receiver element in the form of a power coil), a coil positioning spring (270) and a reader positioning collar (272). The reader antenna coil (268) is electrically connected to, and receives its power through, wiring (273) from a match circuit (274) along which current flows.

Abstract: A fiber-reinforced composite structure includes a cut edge; an elastomeric cap covering the cut edge; and an adhesive sealant bonding the elastomeric cap to the cut edge. The fiber-reinforced composite structure is joined to a component and the elastomeric cap includes a generally Z or L-shaped cap with a web bonded to the cut edge of the fiber-reinforced structure and a flange bonded to the component and extending away from the fiber-reinforced structure.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present invention is a system to maximize efficiency as a mobile terminal receives data signals transmitted through multiple satellite spot beams. The multiple spot beams can be broadcast via a single satellite or multiple satellites. As a mobile terminal travels throughout a region, the system determines which spot beam would delivers data in the most efficient manner possible. This system takes into account multiple factors, including but not limited to velocity of the mobile terminal, traffic within a spot beam, business affiliations, etc. Once the system takes into account the various factors, an embodiment of the present invention generates a relative weighted factor that is subsequently associated with various available spot beams. Based on rankings of the weighted factors associated with each spot beam, the system may choose to receive data from a different spot beam.

Abstract: In a method of establishing communication between a primary node and secondary nodes over communications channels, the secondary nodes are placed in a sleep state in the absence of active communications and are responsive to a wake-up message transmitted over the one or more communications channels from the primary node to enter a wake-up state. A wake-up message is sent from an instigator at the primary node to a receptor at a said secondary node. The communications channels with the receptor at said secondary node are periodically sniffed for a valid wake-up message. In response to reception of a valid wake-up message the receptor places the secondary node in the wake-up state. The instigator and receptor employ a selected operational mode being defined by the timing of the wake-up message and sniff pattern at the receptor. The selected operational mode is changed to suit different channel conditions.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods assist telcos and service providers with Ethernet virtual circuit (EVC) set up. They need only set up ends of a path with a pair of units with automated private addressing, and designate one unit as a remote terminal (RT) and the other unit as a central office (CO) to ensure different addresses. After a DS1 state is enabled, no other operator involvement is needed to set up a DS1 end to end connection with the other unit since the enable DS1 state triggers automated connection set up functions such as creating/saving Default Parameters based on CO versus RT selection, creating Emulated Circuits based on saved parameters, and enabling/disabling Emulated Circuits based on DS1 Service State. Automated provisioning operations for EVC set up can be configured for other types of time division multiplexing (TDM) payloads such as other digital signaling levels, and other circuit channel types.

Abstract: A wake-up system includes an instigator for transmitting a wake-up message from a primary node to a receiver at a secondary node. The instigator sends a wake-up on either first RF channel or a second RF channel having respective frequencies such that the second RF channel is an image of the first RF channel at a local oscillator frequency of the receiver. The receiver includes an RF filter that passes both the image and non-image channels, a frequency generator for generating a local oscillator signal at the local oscillator frequency, and a mixer for mixing the filtered modulated RF signal with said local oscillator signal to generate a modulated intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The receiver monitors both the image and non-image channels simultaneously for a valid wake-up message. A wake-up message detector indicates a wake-up condition in response to the reception of a valid wake-up message.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided to employ an enhanced Loss of Signal (ELOS) function in network equipment (NE) such as an Ethernet switch that is coupled to an optical path by a transceiver (e.g., an SFP). Diagnostics such as optical path receive (Rx) level from the transceiver are used by the ELOS function to regenerate LOS status from the transceiver when either LOS or designated low Rx level conditions exist. By generating an enhanced LOS (ELOS) on a designated low Rx level, the ELOS function ensures a failing data path is removed before an undesirable amount of errors occur to enhance Ethernet path selection and improve Carrier Ethernet quality of service.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided to employ an enhanced Loss of Signal (ELOS) function in network equipment (NE) such as an Ethernet switch that is coupled to an optical path by a transceiver (e.g., an SFP). Diagnostics such as optical path receive (Rx) level from the transceiver are used by the ELOS function to regenerate LOS status from the transceiver when either LOS or designated low Rx level conditions exist. By generating an enhanced LOS (ELOS) on a designated low Rx level, the ELOS function ensures a failing data path is removed before an undesirable amount of errors occur to enhance Ethernet path selection and improve Carrier Ethernet quality of service.

Abstract: An multiservice access device (MAD) for Ethernet and DS1/DS3 services is provided for public communications carriers (telcos), for example, and has a reduced form factor (e.g., Type 400 NCTE mechanics or small enclosure), at least two 2.5 Gb/1 Gb facility side ports, at least four full rate GigE drops, complementary RJ48C demarcation and stub-ended DS1 cable options, integral T1 NIUs for in-band loopback, NPRM, SPRM, AIS/AIS-CI and RAI/RAI-CI diagnostics, lightning protection, and protection switching. The MAD has built-in SynchE and IEEE 1588 synchronization, and Stratum 3 and incoming DS1/DS3 synchronization capabilities.

Abstract: An multiservice access device (MAD) for Ethernet and DS1/DS3 services is provided for public communications carriers (telcos), for example, and has a reduced form factor (e.g., Type 400 NCTE mechanics or small enclosure), at least two 2.5 Gb/1 Gb facility side ports, at least four full rate GigE drops, complementary RJ48C demarcation and stub-ended DS1 cable options, integral T1 NIUs for in-band loopback, NPRM, SPRM, AIS/AIS-CI and RAI/RAI-CI diagnostics, lightning protection, and protection switching. The MAD has built-in SynchE and IEEE 1588 synchronization, and Stratum 3 and incoming DS1/DS3 synchronization capabilities.

Abstract: A wake-up system includes an instigator for transmitting a wake-up message from a primary node to a receiver at a secondary node. The instigator sends a wake-up on either first RF channel or a second RF channel having respective frequencies such that the second RF channel is an image of the first RF channel at a local oscillator frequency of the receiver. The receiver includes an RF filter that passes both the image and non-image channels, a frequency generator for generating a local oscillator signal at the local oscillator frequency, and a mixer for mixing the filtered modulated RF signal with said local oscillator signal to generate a modulated intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The receiver monitors both the image and non-image channels simultaneously for a valid wake-up message. A wake-up message detector indicates a wake-up condition in response to the reception of a valid wake-up message.

Abstract: In a method of establishing communication between a primary node and secondary nodes over communications channels, the secondary nodes are placed in a sleep state in the absence of active communications and are responsive to a wake-up message transmitted over the one or more communications channels from the primary node to enter a wake-up state. A wake-up message is sent from an instigator at the primary node to a receptor at a said secondary node. The communications channels with the receptor at said secondary node are periodically sniffed for a valid wake-up message. In response to reception of a valid wake-up message the receptor places the secondary node in the wake-up state. The instigator and receptor employ a selected operational mode being defined by the timing of the wake-up message and sniff pattern at the receptor. The selected operational mode is changed to suit different channel conditions.

Abstract: An automated conversion method and apparatus are provided to automatically detect the type of an incoming signal (e.g., SONET or Ethernet signal) at a site and to encapsulate outgoing data, or not, based on that detection to facilitate conversion to new infrastructure (e.g., TDM to Ethernet). The automatic detection can be achieved by alternating a search for a first or second protocol signals (e.g., a SONET signal or Ethernet signal) received after a loss of signal or other similar event. Diagnostics of any prior valid transmission are retained in case the disruption was due to transmission quality problem rather than a change in the transmission protocol (e.g., SONET to Ethernet). An FPGA can have firmware configured as necessary to support either an IP or TDM configuration when change is detected in the format of the signal arriving at the optical port of the premises device.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are provided to assist telcos and other service providers with Ethernet virtual circuit set up. A service provider need only set up ends of a path with a pair of units with automated private addressing, and designate one unit as a remote terminal and the other unit as a central office to ensure different addresses. After a DS1 state is enabled, no other operator involvement is needed to set up a, for example, DS1 end to end connection with the other unit since the enable DS1 state triggers automated connection set up functions such as creating/saving Default Parameters based on CO versus RT selection, creating Emulated Circuits based on saved parameters, and enabling/disabling Emulated Circuits based on DS1 Service State. Automated provisioning operations for EVC set up can be configured for other types of TDM payloads such as other digital signaling levels, and other circuit channel types.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are provided to employ an enhanced Loss of Signal (ELOS) function in network equipment (NE) such as an Ethernet switch that is coupled to an optical path by a transceiver (e.g., an SFP). Diagnostics such as optical path receive (Rx) level from the transceiver are used by the ELOS function to regenerate LOS status from the transceiver when either LOS or designated low Rx level conditions exist. By generating an enhanced LOS (ELOS) on a designated low Rx level, the ELOS function ensures a failing data path is removed before an undesirable amount of errors occur to enhance Ethernet path selection and improve Carrier Ethernet quality of service.

Abstract: An automated conversion method and apparatus are provided to automatically detect the type of an incoming signal (e.g., SONET or Ethernet signal) at a site and to encapsulate outgoing data, or not, based on that detection to facilitate conversion to new infrastructure (e.g., TDM to Ethernet). The automatic detection can be achieved by alternating a search for a SONET signal or Ethernet signal received after a loss of signal or other similar event. Diagnostics of any prior valid transmission are retained in case the disruption was due to transmission quality problem rather than a change in the transmission protocol (i.e. SONET to Ethernet or Ethernet to SONET). The apparatus has an FPGA loaded by a microprocessor with the hardware configuration necessary to support either an IP or SONET configuration when change is detected in the format of the signal arriving at the optical port of the premises device.

Abstract: A wireless receiver for receiving a signal with a characteristic pattern includes a predictor for predicting the presence of a non-zero value of the characteristic pattern. A tracker tracks a noise component in the received signal between predicted non-zero values. The resulting noise component is subtracted from the received signal to output a processed signal, which is then decoded by a pattern discriminator and demodulator. The wireless receiver is less sensitive to noise and interference.