Abstract: A boring apparatus is described which comprises a substantially hollow vessel with a fixed base and a rotatable base. The rotatable base is provided, at its circumference, with at least one side cutter which rotatable with the rotatable base from a first position, in which the at least one side cutter serves to cover a respective opening provided in the vessel wall, to a second position, in which the opening in the vessel wall is exposed.

Abstract: The present application describes methods and apparatus for installing a load bearing pile 1 which is installed in the line of a perimeter wall, in particular to a perimeter wall consisting of a series of diaphragm wall panels.

Abstract: A waterbar for use between adjacent panels (22, 24) in a diaphragm wall, the waterbar comprising a first member (5) in the form of an elongate strip (6) provided along a first longitudinal edge (8) with a hydrophilic material (7) and along the opposite longitudinal edge (9) with a retaining channel (10), and a second member (12) in the form of an elongate strip (13) provided along a first longitudinal edge (15) with a hydrophilic material (14) and along the opposite longitudinal edge (16) with a keying projection (17). The retaining channel (10) of the first member (5) is shaped so as to slidably retain the keying projection (17) of the second member (12), and either the retaining channel (10) or the keying projection (17) is provided along its length with a hydrophilic material (18), which serves to seal the joint between the first and second members (5,12).

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a process for the treatment of a surface with a hygiene agent which can include the steps of: a) providing at the surface a non-photochemical catalyst (such as a transition metal compound) which catalyses the formation of the hygiene agent from one or more precursors, whereby the catalyst becomes deposited at the surface, and, b) subsequently treating the surface with a treatment agent (such as a solution of hydrogen peroxide) having the or each hygiene agent precursor, such that the hygiene agent is generated at the surface.