Abstract: On measurement of a component Ay of the amplitude of the oscillations of the tip of a capillary which is clamped to a horn to which ultrasonics can be applied from an ultrasonic transducer, whereby measurement is based on the shading of a light beam by the capillary and whereby the intensity of the light beam is measured by means of an opto-receiver, the capillary is placed at one side of the light beam without it shading the light beam and ultrasonics is applied to it. The capillary is then moved in steps through the light beam whereby, for each of the i=1 to n steps, the direct voltage portion UDC(yi) and the alternating voltage portion UAC(yi) of the output signal of the opto-receiver are determined as well as a co-ordinate yi whereby the co-ordinate yi designates the position of the capillary in relation to a co-ordinate axis y running perpendicularly to the light beam. The amplitude Ay is then calculated from the values measured.

Abstract: A clamping element for the transport of a substrate in a predefined transport direction comprises a first and a second leg with a first and second clamping jaw for clamping a substrate. Each of the two clamping jaws has a clamping plate which is movable in transport direction relative to the corresponding leg. A sensor measures the deflection of the first clamping plate relative to the first leg. As soon as the measured deflection exceeds a predefined threshold value, the clamping element is opened.

Abstract: To determine the vectorial distance D between the tip of a capillary and an optical axis of an image recognition system of a Wire Bonder, a glass fibre supplied with light is used as a reference point and as a sensor. On the one hand, the glass fibre serves as a reference point with which the position of the optical axis of the image recognition system can be determined. On the other hand, the glass fibre serves as a sensor with which the position of the tip of the capillary can be determined in that it is determined at which position of the bondhead the intensity of the light which is reflected back into the glass fibre by a wire ball formed at the tip of the capillary is at a maximum.

Abstract: On measurement of a component Ay of the amplitude of the oscillations of the tip of a capillary which is clamped to a horn to which ultrasonics can be applied from an ultrasonic transducer, whereby measurement is based on the shading of a light beam by the capillary and whereby the intensity of the light beam is measured by means of an opto-receiver, the capillary is placed at one side of the light beam without it shading the light beam and ultrasonics is applied to it. The capillary is then moved in steps through the light beam whereby, for each of the i=1 to n steps, the direct voltage portion UDC(yi) and the alternating voltage portion UAC(yi) of the output signal of the opto-receiver are determined as well as a co-ordinate yi whereby the co-ordinate yi designates the position of the capillary in relation to a co-ordinate axis y running vertically to the light beam. The amplitude Ay is then calculated from the values measured.

Abstract: The printing form, such as a printing plate or the surface of a printing cylinder, has a semiconducting surface with defined hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas corresponding to a print image to be printed with the printing form. The wetting characteristics of the printing form can be altered. To this end, the surface of the printing form is first placed into an essentially uniform chemical state with a first wetting behavior. Parts of all of the areas of the semiconductor surface are then put into a second chemical state which has a second wetting property that is different from the first.

Abstract: An apparatus for making wire connections between a first connection area and a second connection area by means of a capillary. The apparatus contains an image recognition system which is designed so that the tip of the capillary enters the image area of the image recognition system immediately before impacting on the respective connection area. In this way, the position of the desired point of impact of the capillary on the connection area as well as the position of the tip of the capillary can be determined with the same measuring system, evaluated and used for the precise control of the movement of the capillary.

Abstract: The printing form, such as a printing plate or the surface of a printing cylinder, has a semiconducting surface with defined hydrophobic and hydrophilic areas corresponding to a print image to be printed with the printing form. The wetting characteristics of the printing form can be altered. To this end, the surface of the printing form is first placed into an essentially uniform chemical state with a first wetting behavior. Parts of all of the areas of the semiconductor surface are then put into a second chemical state which has a second wetting property that is different from the first.

Abstract: An apparatus for making wire connections between a first connection area (2) and a second connection area (3) by means of a capillary (10) contains an image recognition system which is designed so that the tip (27) of the capillary (10) enters the image area of the image recognition system immediately before impacting on the respective connection area (2). In this way, the position of the desired point of impact of the capillary (10) on the connection area (2) as well as the position of the tip (27) of the capillary (10) can be determined with the same measuring system, evaluated and used for the precise control of the movement of the capillary (10).

Abstract: A process for the recovery of carbon monoxide from a purge gas from acetic acid synthetic containing at least carbon monoxide, nitrogen and hydrogen, wherein the purge gas (6) containing at least carbon monoxide, nitrogen and hydrogen is separated into a gas fraction (11) rich in carbon monoxide and a residual gas fraction (12, 13) rich in nitrogen and hydrogen by an adsorption process (G), preferably by a pressure change absorption process, and the gas fraction (11) rich in carbon monoxide is returned upstream of the acetic acid.

Abstract: Motor vehicle door 1 with an integrated lattice-type support frame 2 receiving a window lifter. Support frame 2 is mountable in motor vehicle door 1 connected by hinges 36 and 37 with a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle. At least one support 3, 4 of support frame 2 is connected at its connecting ends 45 and 46 with force inleads 47 and 48 disposed in motor vehicle door 1, said inleads being in positive contact with areas of the passenger compartment which are adjacent on both sides with motor vehicle door 1 (FIG. 5).

Abstract: Process for the preparation of 4,4'-dinitrodiphenylamine which comprises reacting 1 mole of 4-halonitrobenzene with about 1 to about 3 moles of an alkali metal cyanate in the presence of about 0.5 to about 5 moles of water in dimethylsulfoxide at temperatures of about 150.degree. to about 170.degree. C.

Abstract: A driver for a window lifter, particularly in a motor vehicle, including at least one slider pair for guiding a leg of a guide rail section, which leg extends in the direction of the plate plane, wherein each slider is formed by at least one sheet metal tab which is bent out of the plate plane of a driver plate and covered with an injection molded material, the two sheet metal tabs of the two sliders are connected with one another by means of a sheet metal web which is bent out of the plate plane, with a bending edge shared by the two sheet metal tabs and the sheet metal web.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of 3-(acyl)amino-4-alkoxy-phenyl-.beta.-hydroxyethyl-sulfone (sulfates) of the formula (1) ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 is alkyl having 1-4 carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is hydrogen or one of the groupings ##STR2## with the proviso that n=1 if R.sub.2 =H and n=0 if R.sub.2 =acyl, by converting 2-alkoxyacylanilines of the formula (2) ##STR3## in which R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have the meanings given, in a known manner to the corresponding sulfochlorides substituted in the p-position relative to the alkoxy group, reducing the sulfochlorides with an alkali metal sulfite or ammonium sulfite in an aqueous medium at pH 7.0-8.5 and at -5 to +40.degree. C. to give the corresponding sulfinates, alkoxylating the latter with ethylene oxide in an aqueous medium at pH 6.0-8.5 and 40.degree.-80.degree. C. to give the 3-acylamino-4-alkoxyphenyl-.beta.-hydroxyethyl-sulfones of the formula (1) (with R.sub.

Abstract: An automobile door is proposed with a unit carrier on which built-in units, especially a complete window winder with window pane can be preassembled. Only afterwards on preassembly the unit carrier is brought together with the door's outer shell to form the door. Both door hinges as well as a door lock are secured on the unit carrier.

Abstract: A mounting arrangement for a vehicle seat assembly including an electrically operated seat adjusting device which permits expedient fastening of the seat assembly to a vehicle floor and which essentially consists of lockable engaging connections provided on at least one side of the seat adjusting device as the fastening mechanism between the seat adjusting device and the vehicle floor and/or between a seat shell of the seat assembly and the seat adjusting device. On the opposite side of the seat adjusting device there are provided fastening connections preferably formed as screw connections which may be tightened to lock said engaging connections for a firm fastening of the assembly. The seat adjusting device is adapted to be manually operated by an auxiliary actuating device in the event of malfunction of elements thereof such as drive motors, gear units or interconnecting flexible shafts.

Abstract: In a driving gear, a wheel is mounted on a supporting plate. The wheel has a rim with teeth on its inside surface and a pinion mounted on the supporting plate is in meshed engagement with the teeth. A housing, attached to the supporting plate, encloses the wheel. Entrainment surfaces on the outside circumference of the wheel engage an elongated power take-off member supported within and extending through the housing.

Abstract: A drive mechanism for the window of a motor vehicle having a driven base member with the window affixed thereto and guided for movement along a longitudinal guide rail is activated by a driving member which is connected with the base member to drive the base member along the guide rail. A guide flange provided on the guide rail is engaged with slide elements formed on the base member which are arranged to rest against the sides of the guide rail and at least one of the slide elements is formed with a flexible construction. The slide elements include a pair of lateral slide elements arranged spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail which rest against one side of the guide flange and a central slide element arranged between the lateral slide elements which rests against the other side of the guide flange.

Abstract: A window cable driving mechanism particularly for an automotive vehicle, including a base plate, a cable drum supported on one side of the base plate and a bracket extending about the cable drum attached with the base plate, is formed so that the bracket has defined thereon at least one bearing for the cable drum. Cylindrical rolling surfaces formed at axial ends of the cable drum include a cylindrical rolling surface facing away from the base plate. The bracket is constructed with at least one bearing surface which supports at least the cylindrical rolling surface facing away from the base plate.

Abstract: A method of decoking (decarbonizing) surfaces of a cracking plant in which the cracking furnace is connected to a heat exchanger for cooling the cracked gas mixture, in which steam and air are admitted as a gas mixture to the cracking furnace and then the gas mixture is conducted through the cooler. The cooling medium is thus passed through the cracking gas cooler during the decoking operation while in a first stage the mixture is fed through the device at such a mass flow rate that the temperature of the deposits on the heat exchange surface is approximately at the temperature corresponding to cracking operations while, in a second stage, the gas flow rate is increased to raise the temperature of the deposits on the heat exchange surfaces of the cooler.

Abstract: Adjusting mechanism for a seat, particularly a seat of an automotive vehicle, in which the seat rests on carriers elongated in the direction of shifting movement, seat shifting guides being interposed, and the carriers being equipped with integrally connected, upwardly directed lugs which laterally back the seat shifting guides.