Abstract: In a nondestructive ultrasonic testing method for an implementation in a testing device, defects are installed in a testing area of a structural part by determining reflections on inhomogeneities in a testing area of the structural part. At least one ultrasonic transmitter is provided for coupling ultrasonic excitations into the structural part, and at least two ultrasonic receivers are installed for receiving structure responses to the excitations coupled into the structure. A number of testing points are determined and for each testing point and each location of the ultrasonic receivers, expectancy range data are determined and stored for signal forms being implemented in the testing device. When, an inhomogeneity is present in the respective testing point, excitations are reflected thereon and are measured by the respective ultrasonic receiver. The received reflection data are compared with the stored expectancy ranges to determine the location of a defect.

Abstract: The invention concerns nondestructive ultrasonic test equipment for detection and visualization of damage to and in structural components through reflections of introduced ultrasound waves at inhomogeneities in the test area, consisting of primarily piezo sensors, which, depending on how they are driven, can function as transmitter or as receiver for ultrasound waves, and which are permanently attached, for example by gluing, to the damage-critical areas of structural components to be tested and/or monitored, and also of a control device, which is connected to the relevant sensor by electrically conducting wires, so that the received reflected ultrasound waves can be used as imaging data in a suitable device (analysis unit), in order to finally be compared with expected ultrasound images to evaluate any damage that may have occurred.

Abstract: Nanoscale, pyrogenically produced zinc oxide having a BET surface area of 10 to 200 m2/g, which is in the form of aggregates of anisotropic primary particles and whereby the aggregates display an average diameter of 50 to 300 nm. It is obtained from zinc powder, which is converted to zinc oxide powder in the four successive reaction zones, evaporation zone, nucleation zone, oxidation zone and quench zone. It can be used in sunscreen formulations.

Abstract: Polycrystalline cerium oxide powder in the form of aggregates of primary particles with a specific surface of between 70 and 150 m2/g, an average primary particle diameter of between 5 and 20 nm and an average, projected aggregate diameter of between 20 and 100 nm. It is produced in that an aerosol is reacted in a flame obtained from a hydrogen-containing combustible gas and primary air and the solid obtained is then separated from the gaseous substances.

Abstract: In a nondestructive ultrasonic testing method for an implementation in a testing device, defects are installed in a testing area of a structural part by determining reflections on inhomogeneities in the a testing area of the structural part. A least one ultrasonic transmitter is provided for coupling ultrasonic excitations into the structural part and at least two ultrasonic receivers are installed for receiving structure responses to the excitations coupled into the structure. A number of testing points being are determined and for each testing point and each location of the ultrasonic receivers, expectancy range data are determined and stored for signal forms being implemented in the testing device. When an inhomogeneity is present in the respective testing point, excitations are reflected thereon and are measured by the respective ultrasonic receiver. The received reflection data are compared with the stored expectancy ranges to determine the location of a defect.

Abstract: Indium-tin oxides with the following physical and chemical properties: 1 Mean primary particle size 1 to 200 obtained from TEM BET surface (DIN 66131) 0.1 to 300 m2/g Structure XRD cubic indium oxide tetragonal tin oxide Mesopores according to the 0.03 mL/g to 0.30 mL/g BJH method (DIN 66134) Macropores (DIN 66133) 1.5 to 5.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for dyeing asphalt and/or bitumen with inorganic granulated pigments, which is characterized in that inorganic pigments, to which have been added oils which possess a kinematic viscosity at 40.degree. C. (DIN 51 561) of 1.6 to 1,500 mm.sup.2 /s, and/or waxes, polyols, polyethers and paraffins with dropping points (DIN 51 801, ASTM D 566) of between 50.degree. and 180.degree. C. as binding agents, are granulated and mixed with the asphalt and/or bitumen.

Abstract: Red iron oxide pigments with improved coloring properties wherein the isoelectric point of the pigments is greater than 7.

Abstract: A heat-stable iron oxide black pigment resistant to hydrothermal treatment in air at temperatures above 180.degree. C. and which has a specific BET surface of 0.5 to 5 m.sup.2 /g is useful as a coloring agent for building materials, paints, cements, bricks and so forth and is prepared by reacting an aqueous solution of FeOOH, iron (II) salts and alkalis at elevated temperature and precipitating iron oxide from the solution with Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 at temperatures in the range from 80.degree. C. to the boiling point of the solution.

Abstract: This invention relates to corrosion-inhibiting paints and lacquers containing pigments comprising an organic corrosion inhibitor intercalated into an inorganic matrix said pigment having the formula wherein ##EQU1## wherein Me(II)O is at least one divalent metal oxide;Me(III).sub.2 O.sub.3 is at least one trivalent metal oxide;A is at least one inorganic acid anhydride;I is at least one organic corrosion inhibitor;aq is from 0.5 to 9 moles of water; andx, y and z are whole or fractional numbers andx has a value of from 0 to 1,y has a value of from 0 to 0.7 andz has a value of from greater than 0 to 0.4,with the proviso that the organic corrosion inhibitor is at least 0.5% by weight of inorganic material a process for the production of these pigments and their use in paints, lacquers and lubricants.

Abstract: A zinc ferrite pigment comprising, by weight, about 99.8 to 90% of ZnFe.sub.2 O.sub.4 and about 0.2 to 10% of the component system (1-x)Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and xP.sub.2 O.sub.5 wherein 0<x<1 is produced by calcining a suitable mixture of compounds. The resulting pigments are of high color quality and are substantially halogen-free, rendering them especially useful industrially even as anti-corrosion pigments.

Abstract: An anti-corrosion pigment comprising about 30.0 to 2.0 mole % of CaO and about 70.0 to 98.0 mole % of Me.sub.2 O.sub.3, wherein Me.sub.2 O.sub.3 is (1-x) Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and x Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, x is from 0 to 1 and up to about 25 mole % of the Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 may be replaced by the corresponding quantity of Mn.sub.2 O.sub.3, and having a specific surface area according to BET of about 0.1 to 200 m.sup.2 /g and a percentage weight loss per gram of pigment, as determined by the Thompson corrosion test, of less than about 0.05% per gram of pigment is produced by calcining the corresponding metal oxides or materials which form the metal oxides on calcination at about 200.degree. to 1100.degree. C. The pigments are especially useful in making up anti-corrosion paints and lacquers.

Abstract: An anti-corrosion pigment comprising about 30 to 70 mole % of an oxide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium and zinc, about 70 to 30 mole % of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, and up to about 20 mole % of Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, the pigment having a specific surface of about 1 to 30 m.sup.2 /g and exhibiting a weight loss of less than about 0.05% per gram of pigment by the Thomson corrosion test, is produced by calcining the corresponding metal oxides. The temperature is about 200.degree. to 650.degree. C. in the absence of chromium and about 200.degree. to 900.degree. C. when chromium is present.

Abstract: In the production of a coated structural element by producing a workable composition of an inorganic binder and water, forming the composition into a structural element, providing an inorganic salt at least on the surface of the structural element, applying to the surface of the structural element an aqueous paste containing at least one metal oxide and waterglass thereby to form a gel-like non-fluid coating and hardening the coated structural element, the improvement which comprises hardening the structural element prior to applying the aqueous paste thereto, whereby the resulting coating is of enhanced weather resistance. The inorganic salt may be provided on the surface by being present in the workable composition per se or by being present in a facing layer applied to the structural element. It can also be provided by being sprayed thereon as an aqueous solution in which event the first hardening must precede such spraying. The resulting coatings are of enhanced weather resistance.

Abstract: A pigment of high anti-corrosion properties comprises(a) about 30 to 70 mole percent of at least one of MgO, ZnO and CaO, and(b) about 70 to 30 mole percent of Me.sub.2 O.sub.3 wherein Me.sub.2 O.sub.3 has the approximate molar percent compositionFe.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 0-100, preferably 0.5-100, most preferably 1-95, mole %Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 +Mn.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 0-100, preferably 0.5-100, most preferably 1-95, mole %Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 : 0-20 mole %Is produced by calcining such oxides or compounds yielding such oxides at from about 200.degree. .RTM. to 650.degree. C. with the option of going up to about 950.degree. C. if the Al+Mn+Cr oxides total 10 mole % or more.

Abstract: An anticorrosion pigment suited for paints and lacquers and consisting of CaZn.sub.2 (PO.sub.4).sub.2 . 2H.sub.2 O crystallizing in the Scholzite lattice and having a specific surface according to BET of from 0.1 to 50 m.sup.2 /g is produced by a process wherein(a) (i) a salt solution containing calcium and zinc cations in a ratio of about 1:2 is normally, inversely or simultaneously precipitated in air at temperatures of up to about 100.degree. C. with an equivalent or substantially equivalent quantity of a solution containing an alkali metal or ammonium phosphate ion; or (ii) compounds of calcium and zinc, which can be decomposed with relatively strong acids or neutralized with acids, in a ratio of about 1:2, have phosphoric acid or ammonium phosphate added to them in approximately the quantity which is required for decomposition or neutralization, or in a slight excess of that quantity, at temperatures of up to about 100.degree. C.

Abstract: An anti-corrosion pigment comprising about 30 to 70 mole % of an oxide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium and zinc, about 70 to 30 mole % of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, and up to about 20 mole % of Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, the pigment having a specific surface of about 1 to 30 m.sup.2 /g and exhibiting a weight loss of less than about 0.05% per gram of pigment by the Thomson corrosion test, is produced by calcining the corresponding metal oxides. The temperature is about 200 to 650.degree. C. in the absence of chromium and about 200 to 900.degree. C. when chromium is present.

Abstract: In the production of a coated building component comprising the steps of mixing an inorganic binder, water and aggregate to produce a workable mass, molding said mass into a preformed component, applying to the preformed component an aqueous paste containing a metal oxide and at least one of waterglass and a phosphate to form a coating and allowing the coating to harden, the improvement which comprises applying about 190 to 400 g of the paste per square meter of surface to be coated, the application being effected in the presence of at least about 0.5% by weight of the inorganic binder or, in the case of lime-sand bricks, by weight of the binder plus aggregate, of a water soluble inorganic salt which converts the aqueous paste into a gel-like non-flowing form.