Abstract: The invention relates to a bone screw (1) with a screw shank (2) that can be fastened in a bone, particularly a vertebra, and a screw head (3), on which a fastening device (20) can be fastened that can be. swiveled as regards its inclination relative to the screw shank (2) and/or rotated and that displays a receptacle (26) for mounting a connecting rod. To permit swiveling of the fastening device relative to the screw shank over the largest possible angular range, as well as easy and reliable handling, the screw head (3) displays a recess (5), to which a swiveling element (6) that can be located in the recess and at least swiveled and fixed in position relative to the screw shank can be assigned, to which a fastening device (20) can be fastened. The recess (5) can be located on the screw head (3) at the level of the screw shank (2) and designed as a slot that can extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the screw shank (2).

Abstract: A vertebral column replacement body or spacer has first and second anchoring sides each facing in the mounted or implanted state of the body an adjacent vertebra, wherein each anchoring side has a tooting for ensuring that displacement in the ventral or dorsal directions is safely prevented. The vertebral column replacement body has two body elements which are slidingly guided relative to each other and transversely of the anchoring sides, wherein, after a desired relative position has been reached, a first body element can be braced against the second body element by radially widening the first body element.

Abstract: A device for stabilizing vertebrae of a spinal column has a stabilizing rod and clamps each having a receiving bore for receiving the stabilizing rod. The clamps each have a first leg and a second leg. Each leg has a transverse bore extending transversely to the receiving bore. The transverse bores of the first and second legs are aligned with one another. Screws having a first threaded portion for threadingly engaging a vertebra are provided. The screws have a screw head remote from the first threaded portion and a second threaded portion projecting from the screw head in a direction away from the first threaded portion. At least the transverse bore of the first leg of the clamps have a bore insert member inserted in the transverse bore and resting against the outer surface of the first leg and having an eccentric insert bore. The second threaded portion of the screws penetrate the eccentric insert bore.

Abstract: There are described a process and apparatus for measuring the degree of filament intermingling of an intermingled multifilament yarn. The intermingled yarn is moved through a self-conveying fluid jet (air jet). The yarn substantially fills out the jet channel and emerges from the jet in a virtually tensionless state. Owing to the pressure difference at the jet outlet, noncohesive yarn zones expand explosively in the manner of a balloon. After expansion, the yarn passes before a sensor means, preferably an electronic camera, which detects the lightness differences or light diffraction phenomena due to the yarn filaments and sends as a function thereof a signal to a signal processing means. The method of measurement of the invention makes it possible to obtain very accurate information about the nature of the intermingling (spot type or continuous) and also about the geometry of intermingling (for example number and spacing of intermingling nodes in the case of spot type intermingling).