Abstract: A method of evaluating a water sample for the presence or possible future presence of nitrification comprises obtaining data values of a number of parameters, processing the data values to determine correlation coefficients, to identify any linear dependencies, to standardize the scales, evaluating the data values over a plurality of proliferation time periods and neuron numbers, calculating MSEs and R2's from the evaluations, and estimating a valid likelihood of nitrification of the water sample. A method of evaluating a water sample for the presence or possible future presence of nitrification, comprises obtaining data values of a number of parameters, statistically pre-processing the data values and supplying the pre-processed data values to a neural network. Apparatus, media and processors which are used in performing such methods.

Abstract: Described herein are chimeric peptides comprising a soluble trimeric coiled-coil and all or a portion of the N-peptide region of HIV gp41. These molecules are stable, trimeric coiled-coils that inhibit HIV entry into cells, such as human cells. Such peptides can be further assessed to demonstrate their ability to serve as potent anti-HIV therapeutic molecules and thus, as therapeutic molecules or drugs.

Abstract: Five-Helix protein, which comprises the three N-helices and at least two, but not three, of the three C-helices of the trimer-of-hairpin structure of HIV gp41, separated by linkers, such as amino acid residue linkers, is disclosed. Six-Helix protein, which includes the three N-helices and the three C-helices of the trimer-of-hairpin structure of HIV gp41, separated by linkers, is also disclosed.

Abstract: Inhibitors of HIV membrane fusion and a method of identifying drugs or agents which inhibit binding of the N-helix coiled-coil and the C helix of HIV gp41 envelope protein.

Abstract: Inhibitors of HIV membrane fusion and a method of identifying drugs or agents which inhibit binding of the N-helix coiled-coil and the C helix of HIV gp41 envelope protein.

Abstract: Described herein are chimeric peptides comprising a soluble trimeric coiled-coil and all or a portion of the N-peptide region of HIV gp41. These molecules are stable, trimeric coiled-coils that inhibit HIV entry into cells, such as human cells. Such peptides can be further assessed to demonstrate their ability to serve as potent anti-HIV therapeutic molecules and thus, as therapeutic molecules or drugs.

Abstract: Described herein are chimeric peptides comprising a soluble trimeric coiled-coil and all or a portion of the N-peptide region of HIV gp41. These molecules are stable, trimeric coiled-coils that inhibit HIV entry into cells, such as human cells. Such peptides can be further assessed to demonstrate their ability to serve as potent anti-HIV therapeutic molecules and thus, as therapeutic molecules or drugs.

Abstract: Stable, helical, biologically active peptides, particularly stable, helical, biologically active C-peptides, which comprise all or a portion of an unstructured peptide (a peptide which is unstructured in solution) linked to a scaffold (or support) polypeptide. Such peptides are referred to herein as structured C-peptides. In particular embodiments, structured C-peptides of the present invention comprise all or a portion of a binding epitope of a C-peptide, such as all or a portion of a binding epitope of a peptide derived from the carboxy-terminal region of the HIV-1 gp41 envelope glycoprotein. The C-peptide can be, for example, C34 peptide of HIV-1 gp41.

Abstract: Functional chimeric proteins that comprise HIV Gag protein and a Gag protein of non HIV origin (e.g., of viral or retroviral origin other than HIV origin) and overcome the block to HIV assembly in non human cells. One embodiment of the present invention is chimeras between HIV Gag protein and a Gag protein from a murine virus, such as Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus (MLV) Gag protein, that overcome the block to HIV assembly in mouse cells.

Abstract: Described are the crystal structure of the &agr;-helical domain of the gp41 component of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein which represents the core of fusion-active gp41, methods of identifying and designing drugs which inhibit gp41 function and drugs which do so.

Abstract: Five-Helix protein, which comprises the three N-helices and at least two, but not three, of the three C-helices of the trimer-of-hairpin structure of HIV gp41, separated by linkers, such as amino acid residue linkers, is disclosed. Six-Helix protein, which includes the three N-helices and the three C-helices of the trimer-of-hairpin structure of HIV gp41, separated by linkers, is also disclosed.

Abstract: Recombinant Bcr-Abl polypeptides that form a stable &agr;-helical structure; nucleic acids encoding recombinant Bcr-Abl polypeptides; methods of identifying or designing inhibitors of Bcr-Abl oligomerization and methods of inhibiting Bcr-Abl oligomerization in cells and in individuals in need of inhibiting Bcr-Abl oligomerization, such as individuals who have developed or are at risk of developing chronic myelogenous leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Abstract: Described are the crystal structure of the &agr;-helical domain of the gp41 component of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein which represents the core of fusion-active gp41, methods of identifying and designing drugs which inhibit gp41 function and drugs which do so.

Abstract: Inhibitors of HIV membrane fusion and a method of identifying drugs or agents which inhibit binding of the N-helix coiled-coil and the C helix of HIV gp41 envelope protein.

Abstract: Five-Helix protein, which comprises the three N-helices and at least two, but not three, of the three C-helices of the trimer-of-hairpin structure of HIV gp41, separated by linkers, such as amino acid residue linkers, is disclosed. Six-Helix protein, which includes the three N-helices and the three C-helices of the trimer-of-hairpin structure of HIV gp41, separated by linkers, is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of identifying a drug that inhibits the RSV membrane fusion machinery, such as the HRSV membrane fusion machinery; drugs that bind the N-helix coiled-coil of HRSV, particularly the N-helix coiled-coil pocket, and, thus, inhibit HRSV infection of cells, such as human cells; methods of inhibiting (partially or totally) HRSV infection of an individual; anitbodies that bind to the N-helix coiled-coil region of HRSV F1; and pharmaceutical compositions comprising HRSV infection neutralizing antibodies.

Abstract: Described are the crystal structure of the .alpha.-helical domain of the gp41 component of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein which represents the core of fusion-active gp41, methods of identifying and designing drugs which inhibit gp41 function and drugs which do so.

Abstract: A method of identifying macromolecules (peptides, oligonucleotides, sugars and macromolecular complexes, such as RNA-protein complexes, protein-lipid complexes), which are not of the natural handedness (not of the chirality as they occur in nature or as a wild type molecule) and which are ligands for other chiral macromolecules.

Abstract: Process for producing an immunoproximity catalyst for a chemical reaction. Chemical reactions in which the immunoproximity catalyst can be used are also disclosed.

Abstract: Process for producing an antibody catalyst for a chemical reaction. Chemical reactions in which the antibody catalyst can be used are also disclosed.