Abstract: Methods for making acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof by contacting a feed stream containing lactic acid, lactic acid derivatives, or mixtures thereof with a molten salt catalyst comprising an ionic liquid (IL) and an acid in liquid phase are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to chemical synthesis. The teachings thereof may be embodied in methods for chemical synthesis and/or reactors for synthesis. The teaching may increase the conversion of equilibrium-limited reactions in a single pass through a synthesis reactor. For example, a method may include: introducing a synthesis reactant into a reaction chamber with a prevailing pressure p1; forming a synthesis product; discharging the product and any unreacted reactant; separating the product from the unreacted reactant; and introducing the unreacted reactant into a second reaction chamber with a prevailing pressure p2 lower than the pressure p1.

Abstract: The present application relates to an arrangement for the advantageous construction of a hydrogen filling station. In this case, a special chemical substance class, which is called a Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC), is dehydrogenated and the hydrogen produced is pressed into the tank of a vehicle by compression. LOHCs have almost twice the quantity of hydrogen per liter compared with a 700 bar tank, but are, however, even stored at ambient temperature and ambient pressure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating formic acid from a reaction mixture which comprises, in addition to formic acid, a polyoxometalate ion of general formula [PMoxVyO40]n, where 6#x#11, 1#y#6, x+y=12 and 3<n<10, where n, x and y are each integers, wherein the separation occurs by means of an extraction using a linear primary alcohol, wherein the carbon chain of the alcohol comprises 5 to 12 carbon atoms, and the reaction mixture is present in a protic solvent.

Abstract: A process for producing and storing hydrogen includes providing an intermediate gas mixture having an increased proportion of hydrogen and contacting of the intermediate gas mixture with a hydrogen carrier medium in order to hydrogenate the hydrogen carrier medium.

Abstract: A method for detecting a degree of hydrogenation of a liquid comprises one or more liquid hydrogen carriers, which can be hydrogenated, comprising: detecting a material property of the liquid and determining the degree of hydrogenation of the liquid on the basis of the detected material property of the liquid.

Abstract: The present application relates to an arrangement for supplying energy to isolated buildings. The arrangement comprises at least one energy generating installation for providing an electrical current, at least one electrolyzer for producing hydrogen from water using the electrical current from the energy generating installation, at least one first chemical reactor for at least partially hydrogenating at least one substrate with an extended ?-conjugated system using the hydrogen formed in the electrolyzer, at least one storage tank for storing the substrate hydrogenated at least partially in the first chemical reactor, at least one second chemical reactor for at least partially dehydrogenating the at least partially hydrogenated substrate which was produced in the first chemical reactor and stored in the storage tank with the release of hydrogen, and at least one fuel cell for the oxidation of the hydrogen release in the second chemical reactor with the release of energy.

Abstract: A system for the material use of hydrogen includes a transfer-hydrogenation facility with a transfer-hydrogenation unit for the hydrogenation of a material for hydrogenation and a hydrogen-provision device for the provision of hydrogen for the transfer-hydrogenation facility, where, via the hydrogen-provision device, hydrogen in bound form is provided for the transfer-hydrogenation facility, and the hydrogen-provision device includes a loading unit for the loading of a carrier medium with hydrogen.

Abstract: A method for the preservation of a machine element, in which, after the production and before the installation and/or start-up of the machine element, a preservative is applied on the surface thereof, wherein an ionic liquid is used as a preservative is provided.

Abstract: A system for storing energy includes a hydrogen production unit for producing hydrogen, a hydrogen storage device for storing hydrogen, with a loading unit for loading a carrier medium with the hydrogen produced in the hydrogen production unit and with an unloading unit for unloading the hydrogen from the loaded carrier medium, a heat generation unit for generating heat and a heat storage unit for storing the heat generated by the heat generation unit, with the heat storage unit connected with the unloading unit in order to supply heat.

Abstract: The invention relates to a filter material which is used, in particular in filters or as a filter for treating and/or purifying gas, in particular for clean room environments. The filter material comprises at least one activated carbon, in particular with reactive and/or catalytic finishing and the activated carbon is present in the form of discrete activated carbon particles, preferably in a spherical and/or grain form. The activated carbon comprises and/or is provided with at least one metal component which contains at least one metal-containing ionic liquid (IL), containing in particular metal ions, preferably based on a metal compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to an activated carbon, in particular an activated carbon with reactive and/or catalytic activity, said activated carbon being in the form of discrete activated carbon particles, preferably in a spherical and/or grain form. The activated carbon is provided with and/or comprises at least one metal component which has at least one metal-containing ionic liquid (IL) containing, in particular metal ions, preferably based on a metal compound. The invention also related to methods for producing said activated carbon, to the uses thereof and to materials provided herewith.

Abstract: SILP catalyst for the hydroformylation of olefins with synthesis gas, wherein the catalyst comprises at least one spherical catalyst pellet of radius R, characterized in that the catalyst complies with the following SILP modulus: c i c i , S = R x ? sinh ? ( ? SILP ? x R ) sinh ? ( ? SILP ) where ?SILP is a dimensionless number in respect of the spherical catalyst pellet relating the mass transfer, in the pore, across the phase interface between gas and ionic liquid and in the ionic liquid to the reaction, where ci is the concentration of a component i and ci,S is the concentration of a component i at the surface of the SILP catalyst pellet, and x is the position. Also featured is a process for hydroformylation of olefins with synthesis gas by using the SILP catalyst.

Abstract: A reactor is configured to release hydrogen from a hydrogen-bearing, liquid compound, having a reactor vessel which comprises at least one body with metallic support structure. A solid, highly porous coating is applied on said at least one body which comprises catalytically acting substances for the release of hydrogen from the liquid, hydrogen-bearing compound, wherein the at least one body with metallic support structure is configured to be heated by one of intrinsic Joule heating or induction heating.

Abstract: A reactor configured to release hydrogen from a hydrogen-bearing, liquid compound, having a reactor vessel which comprises at least one body with metallic support structure. A solid, highly porous coating is applied on said at least one body which comprises catalytically acting substances for the release of hydrogen from the liquid, hydrogen-bearing compound, wherein the at least one body with metallic support structure comprises at least one cutout with a volume that remains the same or becomes larger from along a cross-sectional dimension extending from bottom to top, based on the reactor vessel.

Abstract: A composition and the use of said composition as catalytically active composition in processes for synthesis of chemical compounds, especially the hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon mixtures.

Abstract: The present application relates to an arrangement for the advantageous construction of a hydrogen filling station. In this case, a special chemical substance class, which is called a Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC), is dehydrogenated and the hydrogen produced is pressed into the tank of a vehicle by compression. LOHCs have almost twice the quantity of hydrogen per litre compared with a 700 bar tank, but are, however, even stored at ambient temperature and ambient pressure.

Abstract: The invention provides a catalyst system composed of: a) a support material selected from at least one of the following materials: silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, zirconium oxide and mixed oxides thereof, carbon nanotubes; b) an ionic liquid; c) a catalytically active composition comprising nickel; d) an activator selected from the group of Lewis acids with alkylating properties. Additionally provided is the use of the catalyst systems of the invention in the oligomerization of unsaturated hydrocarbon mixtures.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mixture, which is liquid at room temperature and which is composed of two or more compounds, which are constructed exclusively of the elements carbon and hydrogen and, in individual known compositions, form a synthetic substance mix that can be used as a heat-transfer liquid. The mixture is characterized in that the mixture contains at least one compound having at least two non-condensed, non-pi-conjugated aromatic units and is used in catalytic methods to bind hydrogen to or release hydrogen from the mixture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition comprising: a) an inert porous support material, b) an ionic liquid, c) a metal selected from group 9 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, d) a phosphorus-containing organic ligand, e) at least one organic amine. The present invention further provides a process for hydroformylating olefin-containing hydrocarbon mixtures to aldehydes with addition of the inventive composition as a catalytically active composition, wherein: a) the water content of the olefin-containing hydrocarbon mixture is adjusted to not more than 20 ppm, b) the content of polyunsaturated compounds in the olefin-containing hydrocarbon mixture is adjusted to not more than 3000 ppm, c) a molar ratio of organic amines according to claims 10-13 to phosphorus-containing organic ligands according to claims 8-9 of at least 4:1 is established, d) a molar ratio of phosphorus-containing organic ligands according to claims 8-9 to rhodium of at least 10:1 is established.