Abstract: The device according to the invention has the purpose of connecting a first component (5) to a second component (12) in a positively locking but detachable fashion, and for sealing a joint region between the first component (5) and a third component (4) which is fixedly connected to the second component (12).

Abstract: A glass container forming machine has a machine base with a vertical front wall which includes a console assembly. This assembly has vertical front and rear box halves which are hingedly connected at the bottom and releasably connected at the top. The rear box is connected to the machine base via vertical hinges so that the console assembly can be pivoted away from the machine base. A console unit having a console screen is hingedly connected at the top proximate the top of the rear box half and the front box half includes vertically extending channels and the bottom of the console unit has followers for following the channels so that as the front box half is pivoted from a closed position whereat the box halves are closed, away from the rear box half to an open position, the console unit will be displaced from an initial position located between the closed front and rear box halves to a final position with the screen exposed and horizontal.

Abstract: A magnetically coupled rotary pump has, in a pump chamber, a pump rotor mounted by a single slide bearing on a stationary axis of a pump bearing support. The slide bearing is formed on one side by a metal sleeve shrunk over the bearing sleeve, said sleeve being connected by means of a weld with the pump rotor, and on the other side by a bushing mounted on the pump bearing support or a one-piece slide bearing surface formed correspondingly directly on pump bearing support. With this design of the bearing, dead spaces and gaps are avoided, enabling complete cleaning and sterilization of the pump chamber with complete draining of the pump chamber. A pump of this kind is especially suitable for use in sterile applications.

Abstract: A stuffing-box packing for establishing a seal between a housing bore and a rotatable shaft which has at least one packing ring comprising expanded graphite and a pair of disc-shaped stripper elements which are comprised of a suitable plastic or metal. To ensure high tightness over a long service life, the packing ring is inclined relative to the radial plane of the shaft, is covered on both sides by a stripper element having an edge which makes coaxial and circumferential contact with the shaft, the laminate of packing ring and stripper elements is arranged between two support rings-which have oblique support surfaces inclined corresponding to the angle of inclination of the packing ring, and the thickness of the packing ring is such that the area of the shaft swept by the packing ring is at least almost completely subjected to the stripping action of the stripper elements.

Abstract: A piston type of shut-off valve with a sealing ring made of expanded graphite. A plurality of ring-shaped lamellae are each stamped from a foil of expanded graphite and then joined to form a sealing ring. A peripheral edge surface of the sealing ring, rather than its planar facing surface, comes into sealing contact with the piston thereby improving its service life. Service life of the sealing ring can be further improved by using a guard ring on a facing surface of the sealing ring as well as by using an installed density for the sealing ring of 1.5 to 2.2 g/cm.sup.3.

Abstract: Apparatus for reactive sputtering of an electrically resistive coating onto a planar substrate includes a magnetron cathode with a planar target of a metal which forms one component of the coating. The reaction gas, which provides another component of the coating, is released as close as possible to the target, but outside of its outline. The distance "a" between the target surface and the substrate surface is less than 60 mm, and a mask system is provided at a distance "d" from the substrate which is less than half the distance "a". The density of reaction gas particles in front of the substrate is thus increased, resulting in a high deposition rate.

Abstract: Method of applying optical coatings of silicon compounds to substrates by reactive cathode sputtering of siliceous target materials. To solve the problem of improving the utilization of the target material and eliminating the blowout of particles from the target, the target of the invention is a polycrystalline silicon casting of at least 99% silicon containing dopants from the group, boron, antimony, phosphorus and arseic, and it is sputtered by direct current in an atomsphere containing the reaction gas.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fabricating magneto-optical, storable, and/or deletable data carriers. One or more layers, each comprising two or more different chemical materials, are applied on a substrate (4) by means of a magnetron sputtering system (1). The fractional composition of each layer is controlled by changing the strength of the magnetic field produced by the magnetron system (1). By means of a suitable measuring device (51, 58) the compensation temperature of a particular layer is measured and compared with a desired value. If the measured compensation temperature differs from the desired value, the desired value can be attained by adjusting the cathode voltage U.sub.K of the magnetron system. A controller (63) is provided for controlling the cathode voltage and adjusting the distance between the magnetron system's target (6) and magnets (8, 9, 10).

Abstract: In an apparatus for coating a substrate with an organic substance by placing the substrate in a coating chamber containing a gaseous hydrocarbon compound, in which the hydrocarbon compound can be broken down by means of a cathode system having magnets, a plasma is formed in the vicinity of the substrate by applying a radiofrequency voltage to the cathode system while the substrate is held immediately in front of the cathode. The pressure in the coating chamber and the supply of the electric energy from the generator to the cathode are variable for the purpose of achieving a coating quality that will change during the build-up of the coating. For this purpose, electric motor-powered valve means are inserted into the gas supply line and into the pump suction line and are operated through a timing mechanism or a control apparatus which is connected to a vacuum gauge.

Abstract: A reaction gas is admitted in the immediate vicinity of a target on the cathode and a plasma is generated between the target and a substrate to be coated. The intensity of the spectral line of a target material is measured, and is used to provide a first signal with a relatively short time constant to a controller via a first control circuit. A property of the finished coating is sensed after the substrate leaves the coating zone, and is used to provide a second signal with a relatively long time constant to the controller via a second control circuit. The controller uses the combined signals to regulate the admission of the reaction gas so that a pre-established property of the finished coating is kept substantially constant.

Abstract: Cephalin derivatives of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each represents, independently of the other, hydrogen or lower alkyl, R.sup.3 represents hydrogen, lower alkoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl or free or protected carboxy, R.sup.4 represents hydrogen or an aliphatic, aromatic, aromatic-aliphatic or cycloaliphatic radical, W represents hydrogen and Z represents a 1,2-dihydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl or hydroxymethyl group in which at least one hydroxy group is esterified by an aliphatic C.sub.6-30 -carboxylic acid or etherified by an aliphatic C.sub.6-30 -alcohol and in which the other hydroxy group, if present, is free, esterified by an aliphatic C.sub.2-30 -carboxylic acid or etherified by an aliphatic C.sub.1-30 -alcohol, or W represents hydroxymethyl or a hydroxymethyl group that is esterified by an aliphatic C.sub.6-30 -alcohol and Z represents a hydroxymethyl group that is esterified by an aliphatic C.sub.6-30 -carboxylic acid or etherified by an aliphatic C.sub.

Abstract: In an apparatus for the production of coatings with a uniform thickness profile on substrates by cathode sputtering, a substrate carriage held and guided between rollers is provided, which can be driven through the coating chamber, and which has substrate disks rotatably mounted on its side facing the cathode. The axes of rotation of the substrate disks are disposed transversely of the plane of movement of the substrate carriage. On the side of the substrate carriage facing away from the cathode, a row of permanent magnets is fixedly disposed on magnet holders. The permanent magnets produce a disk current in magnetic disks which are joined for co-rotation with the pivot shafts of the substrate disks. On account of the disk current, the magnetic disks, and with them also the substrate disks, are made to rotate in passing along the row of magnets.

Abstract: An apparatus for coating substrates in a vacuum chamber has a cathode system, which is preceded and followed by evacuable isolating chambers. The individual chambers can be separated from one another by locks, and the apparatus has a conduit leading into the coating chamber for feeding one or more process gases. Transport frames carry the substrates through the individual chambers on rails and/or wheels. In such an apparatus one or more bypass lines are provided which connect the coating chamber to the isolating chambers preceding or following it, and a shutoff or valve is inserted into each bypass line and brings about an equalization of pressure between the chambers. By means of a pressure equalization performed in this manner, the constancy of the gas concentrations which is essential in a reactive process to the stability of the process and to uniform coating properties, is automatically assured.

Abstract: In a cathode sputtering apparatus, in order to achieve a very uniform utilization of the target and a high-quality coating on the substrate, the cathode is provided on its side of the target facing away from the substrate with a flat plate on which a plurality of magnets are disposed in rows, the magnets of the individual rows parallel to one another being at approximately equal distances apart and having the same polarity. Moreover, the magnetic of the one row are offset by a dimension g from the magnets of the adjacent row, so that, in the area of the target provided with the coating material, when the cathode is used in a chamber with suitable gas pressure and with a voltage of any desired frequency is applied, plasma tubes form which are like serpentinely curved racetracks.

Abstract: Sputtering cathode (1) according to the magnetron principle, having a target (11) of the material to be sputtered, which consists of at least one piece. Behind the target (11) there is a magnet system with a plurality of endless magnet units (14, 15, 16) of alternately different polarity, one inside the other. An endless magnetic tunnel (20) of arcuately curved lines of force is thereby formed. Those poles of the magnet units (14, 15, 16) which are turned away from the target (11) are connected together through a magnet yoke (19) of soft magnetic material. To achieve an especially good target utilization, the geometry and the amount of the magnetic field forming a magnetic tunnel (20) are variable relative to the magnetic field strength of another magnetic field through an electromagnetic (17), the current for the electromagnet (17) being variable in frequency, amplitude and pulse shape.