Abstract: This invention provides a dynamic image adjusting apparatus for dynamically adjusting the contrast of a first image signal which includes a plurality of pixels. The adjusting apparatus includes a first transformation module, an operation module, and a second transformation module. The first transformation module receives the first image signal for generating a plurality of adjusting signals, wherein each pixel of the first image signal corresponds to one of the plurality of adjusting signals. The operation module is coupled to the first transformation module and receives a first set of adjusting signals of the plurality of adjusting signals to generate a first gain curve. The second transformation module is coupled to the operation module and the first transformation module, and generates a second image signal according to the first gain curve and the plurality of adjusting signals.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and an apparatus for applying a dynamic contrast expansion technique to plasma display panels through performing a gamma conversion for the inputted image to convert the relationship of the brightness and gray level of the inputted image into a linear relation, performing a subtraction for the gray level value of the image to maintain the image at its smallest color deviation, analyzing the image property histogram to compute the maximum gray level and the minimum gray level required for carrying out the image contrast expansion and obtaining an image contrast expansion gain, and adopting an average of several previously inputted image contrast expansion gains and a current image contrast expansion gain as the contrast expansion gain used in the actual contrast expansion gain formula, so as to compute a new outputted gray level value after the image contrast expansion is performed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a PDP structure including a first substrate, a second substrate and a Waffle barrier rib structure located between the first and second substrate. The Waffle barrier rib structure includes three first barrier ribs having different width and a plurality of second barrier ribs perpendicular to the first barrier ribs. The second barrier ribs are located between the two first barrier ribs, and connect the wider structure of the two first barrier ribs. Therefore, discharge spaces are formed. Because of different width, the height difference of the barrier rib structure is formed after thermal process. Hence, gas can pass through the barrier ribs structure between the front and the back substrate sealed together.

Abstract: Methods for normalizing output from an instrument employing a reference standard or non-fluorescing substance disposed within at least one of a plurality of reaction chambers. The method comprises collecting and analyzing a signal associated with the reference standard or non-fluorescing substance to determine a normalizing bias. The normalizing bias is then applied to the data signal collected from a remainder of the plurality of reaction chambers.

Abstract: A camera alignment system that can enable alignment in at least one of three planes and about an axis of at least one of the planes. An alignment mount can mate to a camera and lens. The alignment mount can comprise a mechanism to adjust the camera relative to the lens to that an image plane of the camera aligns with an image plane of the lens in a predetermined orientation. One predetermined orientation can be that the image plane of the camera being parallel to the image plane of the lens.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to automatically regulate brightness of liquid crystal displays (LCDs), which resolves the overload and easy fatigue of human eyes and poor image contrast due to high brightness of the conventional LCD. The present invention includes use of four parts, including an image brightness regulating unit, an image brightness ratio computation and output controlling unit, an ambient light detection and brightness adaptation regulating unit and an image gray level expanding unit. The image signals of an LCD are processed in such a manner to enable automatic control of optical flux of LCD TV by regulating the gray level of output images. Also, optical flux of LCD TV can be automatically controlled with the change of images and ambient light, thus alleviating overburdening of human eyes and improving the contrast and comfort of images for a better visual effect.

Abstract: A method for simultaneously determining a genetic expression profile for an individual member of a species relative to an entire standard genome for the species. The method can comprise distributing a liquid sample into an array of reaction chambers of a substrate. The array can comprise a primer set and a probe for each polynucleotide target along the entire standard genome. The liquid sample can comprise substantially all genetic material of the member. Each of the reaction chambers can comprise the primer set and the probe for at least one of the polynucleotide targets and a polymerase. The method can further comprise amplifying the liquid sample in the array, detecting a signal emitted by at least one of the probes, and identifying the genetic expression profile in response to the signal.

Abstract: A method for adjusting a target gray level of a target pixel based on a spatial mask is provided. The target pixel is surrounded with N adjacent pixels; each of the N adjacent pixels respectively has an adjacent gray level. The method first multiplies the target gray level with a sharpness index to generate an amplified target gray level and respectively multiplies each of the adjacent gray level with an adjacent index to generate N modified adjacent gray levels. Then, the amplified target gray level and the N modified adjacent gray levels are added up to generate a first gray level sum. The method multiplies the first gray level sum with a multiplying parameter to generate a second gray level sum. At last, the method divides the second gray level sum by a dividing parameter to generate an adjusted gray level for the target pixel.

Abstract: The invention provides an image adjusting apparatus for receiving a set of input signals transmitted from a video interface, which is used for receiving a plurality of sets of input signals. The image adjusting apparatus is further used for automatically adjusting the set of input signals to generate a set of output signals. The image adjusting apparatus includes an operation module, a storage module, an offset module and a gain module. The operation module receives a test image to generate a plurality of adjusting signals. The storage module stores the adjusting signals. The offset module transforms, according to the adjusting signals, the set of input signals into a set of temporary signals. Moreover, the gain module transforms, according to the plurality of adjusting signals, the set of temporary signals into the set of output signals.

Abstract: The method to reduce image sticking in a plasma display panel (PDP) includes four steps. There is converting a relationship between gray level and brightness of an input signal into a linear relation by a converter. Next, there is recording an image with a static image detector at time t using a frame buffer, and after a period of time ?t, comparing the image at time t with the image at time t+?t, thereby identifying static or dynamic images in the pixel. Then, there is recording a gain of every pixel by a brightness regulator using an image gains memory buffer zone, the gain being regulated according to detection results of the static image detector. Finally, there is improving gray level performance of output images by a gray level promoter and brightness converter. Thus, method actively detects static pixels and reduces brightness in the static region for minimized image sticking.

Abstract: The invention provides an image display system including a detection module, an adjusting module, and a display module. The display module includes a control unit and a panel. The detection module is used to determine whether an image signal includes a black stripe area. If the determination is true, the detection module will transmit out a control signal. The adjusting module is used to adjust a gray level of the black stripe area to a predetermined value. The control unit lowers the brightness corresponding to the black stripe area according to the control signal. The panel is used to display the image signal.

Abstract: A method of separating components having a given negative or positive charge and contained in a sample is disclosed. The method involves, in one embodiment, loading a microchannel with a sample, placed between a trailing-edge electrolyte having a selected concentration of a titratable species, and a leading-edge electrolyte.

Abstract: Methods for normalizing output from an instrument employing a reference standard or non-fluorescing substance disposed within at least one of a plurality of reaction chambers. The method comprises collecting and analyzing a signal associated with the reference standard or non-fluorescing substance to determine a normalizing bias. The normalizing bias is then applied to the data signal collected from a remainder of the plurality of reaction chambers.

Abstract: The invention discloses an apparatus for increasing the display gray levels. The apparatus includes a signal transformation circuit, an error diffusion circuit, and an operation circuit. According to a first predetermined manner, the signal transformation circuit transforms a set of image signals into a set of transformed signals. The error diffusion circuit receives the set of transformed signals and generates a set of diffused signals according to a judging rule. The operation circuit receives the set of diffused signals and generates a set of output image signals according to a second predetermined manner and a predetermined operational rule.

Abstract: A method for adjusting an input image on the basis of the characteristics of a display system is provided. The input image includes N color elements and the display system is capable of displaying P second gray levels. P sets of first conversion coefficients related to the characteristics of the display system are beforehand stored in a look-up table. The method according to this invention first calculates an estimated gray level according to the input image and a set of predetermined second conversion coefficients. Then, a set of third conversion coefficients corresponding to the estimated gray level is selected from the look-up table. A final gray level is calculated on the basis of the set of third conversion coefficients. Finally, the final gray level and the N color components are combined into an adjusted image to replace the input image, whereby the input image is adjusted.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus for dynamically adjusting the saturation of an image signal consisting of a plurality of pixels. The apparatus includes a first transformation module, an operation module, a gain module, an adjustment module and a second transformation module. The first transformation module transforms the pixels of the image signal into a plurality of intermediate signals, where each of the intermediate signals has a respective saturation value. The intermediate signals are adjusted in accordance with a gain signal determined by a histogram relative to the saturation distribution of the intermediate signals. The adjusted intermediate signals are transformed back into the pixels of the image signal, thereby the saturation of the image signal is adjusted.

Abstract: A plasma display panel is provided. The plasma display panel includes N scan electrodes, N common electrodes, M address electrodes, and N rows and M columns of lighting cells. The ith row of lighting cells among the N rows of lighting cells is corresponding to the ith scan electrode among the N scan electrodes and the ith common electrode among the N common electrodes. The jth lighting cell in the ith row of lighting cells is corresponding to the jth address electrode among the M address electrodes. During a sustain period, an ith scan voltage is applied to the ith scan electrode, an ith common voltage is applied to the ith common electrode, a jth address voltage is applied to the jth address electrode, the ith common voltage comprises an AC voltage, and the ith scan voltage and the jth address voltage are substantially DC voltages.

Abstract: The invention discloses an image processing apparatus for adjusting lightness of an input image. The image processing apparatus includes a first processing module, a second processing module, a third processing module, and a fourth processing module. The first processing module is used for generating a lightness histogram with reference to the input image and determining a maximum lightness and an average lightness according to the lightness histogram. The second processing module is used for determining a first gain and a second gain according to the maximum lightness and a look-up table. The third processing module is used for selecting a lightness adjusting curve according to the average lightness. The fourth processing module is used for generating an output lightness corresponding to the input image.

Abstract: A device (420) and method for real-time amplification and detection of a large number of target nucleic acids contained in a large number of biological samples is provided. The device (420) can comprise a substrate (422) and an optically transparent cover, wherein the substrate can comprise a first surface, at least one sample receiving chamber (430), a distributor channel (434), at least one reaction chamber (428), and a vent (440) for each reaction chamber. The substrate can comprise a material having a thermal conductivity of at least about 0.25 W/m° K.

Abstract: An apparatus for normalizing a PCR instrument, can comprise a microplate comprising at least 6,000 wells and a system of dyes at known concentrations in a plurality of the at least 6,000 wells. A method for normalizing a system can comprise (a) providing a microplate comprising at least 6,000 wells and a system of dyes; (b) exciting at least one dye; (c) detecting an emission output for the at least one dye; (d) determining if the emission output is in an acceptable range; and (e) adjusting the system so that the emission output is in the acceptable range.