Abstract: An iterative decoder circuit includes an N number of sub-decoders, N?1 of the sub-decoders each being responsive to a baseband signal from one of M number of signal processing circuits. Each of the N?1 number of sub-decoders includes, an inner delay responsive to a baseband signal provided by a corresponding signal processing circuit for generating an inner delayed signal, a modified decoder that receives the inner delayed signal and generates a set partition signal, some of which have less errors than previous set partition signals. An Nth inner delay is responsive to the baseband signal and provides an Nth inner delayed signal. An Nth modified decoder is responsive to the Nth inner delayed signal and to the set partition signal and provides an output signal, wherein the probability of error of the output signal is reduced by correcting errors in some of the set partition signals.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are disclosed for scatterfield microscopical measurement. The method integrates a scatterometer and a bright-field microscope for enabling the measurement precision to be better than the optical diffraction limit. With the aforesaid method and apparatus, a detection beam is generated by performing a process on a uniform light using an LCoS (liquid crystal on silicon) or a DMD (digital micro-mirror device) which is to directed to image on the back focal plane of an object to be measured, and then scattered beams resulting from the detection beam on the object's surface are focused on a plane to form an optical signal which is to be detected by an array-type detection device. The detection beam can be oriented by the modulation device to illuminate on the object at a number of different angles, by which zero order or higher order diffraction intensities at different positions of the plane at different incident angles can be collected.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, a dynamic multi-path detection device is disclosed to include at least one narrow-band signal metric estimator responsive to input signal. Each of the at least one estimators measures a particular characteristic of the input signal in a frequency band that is narrower than the overall signal bandwidth and is operative to generate a signal parameter estimate signal. The dynamic multi-path detection device is further disclosed to include a signal metric comparison device responsive to the signal parameter estimate signal(s) and operative to generate a dynamic multi-path indication signal for detecting dynamic multi-path.

Abstract: In accordance with a method and apparatus of the present invention, a timing recovery device is disclosed to include a timing correction module responsive to a sampled input signal and adapted to generate a time-corrected signal and to further include a linear predictor coupled to the timing correction module for filtering the time-corrected signal to generate a whitened output signal and to further include a timing update module responsive to the whitened output signal for updating at least one parameter in the timing correction module.

Abstract: An electrical isolation barrier for use in a Data Access Arrangement uses a high frequency (HF) transformer 24 to provide isolation. An input signal, which may be analog or digital, is connected to a modulator. The analog output of the modulator is connected to the input of the HF transformer. The output of the HF transformer is connected to the input of a demodulator. Simple amplitude modulation can be used in the modulator to modulate the input signal to the frequency range of operation of the HF transformer. A simple low pass filter may be incorporated in the demodulator to remove harmonic distortion caused by the HF transformer. The output signal of the demodulator is substantially the same as input signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, a segmented equalizer includes a plurality of feedforward equalizer segments, each feedforward equalizer segment responsive to delayed samples of an input signal {vn}, wherein n is the index of samples, and including a filter block for filtering the delayed samples by using coefficients which are updated based on a step size generated for each equalizer segment.

Abstract: A device and method are provided for implementing digital baseband separation of composite video signals with reduced memory requirements. The method and device require that only the composite signal be stored in a large delay element. Multiple quadrature demodulators are employed to generate multiple delayed complex baseband signals. Therefore, no large complex baseband delay element is required.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multifunctional device, which is particularly applicable to a twin magnet loop (called TML) transducer with both vibrating and sound functions. The present invention integrates an inner and an outer magnet loop of TML into one device, which can be used as a vibrator and a speaker. A disc-shaped pole core, a flange bowl-shaped magnetic transfer, an annular pole piece, a cylindrical magnet and an annular magnet constitute the inner and outer magnetic loops; wherein the disc-shaped pole core is placed on the cylindrical magnet and centered with the flange bowl-shaped magnetic transfer; the annular magnet and the annular pole piece are overlaid together under the ring of the flange bowl-shaped magnetic transfer; the entire of the TML assembly is connected with a housing base via a resilient plate.

Abstract: A device for use in a modem configuration that enables the transfer of data from a host signal processor (HSP) to an A/D-D/A converter or CODEC with less data loss, with low noise and that can send data at varying carrier frequencies without changing the size of the buffers. The device further allows for data transfer that is flexible with any given modulation scheme, carrier frequency or baud frequency to conform with the V.34, V90, as well as prior and subsequent recommendations. The device further includes a counter for counting the number of data samples transferred between the CODEC and the HSP and for alerting the HSP to avoid an overflow condition. The counter is further configured to count beyond the physical size of the buffer in order to simplify operation in an overflow condition. A transmit buffer is included for transferring data from the HSP to the CODEC.

Abstract: A method and device are provided that allow computation of multiple modulus conversion (MMC) outputs using little or no division operations. Instead of division operations, multiplication and logical shift operations are used to produce pseudo-quotients and pseudo-remainders, which may be corrected in a final step to produce correct MMC outputs. This allows for more efficient implementation, since division is typically less efficient than multiplication and logical shift. The method and device operate on MMC inputs that may be partitioned into sub-quotients of varying numbers of digits in any numbering system. The multiplication and logical shift operations are performed on each of the sub-quotients according to a procedure derived from long-division techniques.

Abstract: A device and method are provided for implementing digital baseband separation of composite video signals with reduced memory requirements. The method and device require that only the composite signal be stored in a large delay element. Multiple quadrature demodulators are employed to generate multiple delayed complex baseband signals. Therefore, no large complex baseband delay element is required.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multifunctional device, which is particularly applicable to a twin magnet loop (called TML) transducer with both vibrating and sound functions. The present invention integrates an inner and an outer magnet loop of TML into one device, which can be used as a vibrator and a speaker. A disc-shaped pole core, a flange bowl-shaped magnetic transfer, an annular pole piece, a cylindrical magnet and an annular magnet constitute the inner and outer magnetic loops; wherein the disc-shaped pole core is placed on the cylindrical magnet and centered with the flange bowl-shaped magnetic transfer; the annular magnet and the annular pole piece are overlaid together under the ring of the flange bowl-shaped magnetic transfer; the entire of the TML assembly is connected with a housing base via a resilient plate.

Abstract: An electrical isolation barrier for use in a Data Access Arrangement uses a high frequency (HF) transformer 24 to provide isolation. An input signal, which may be analog or digital, is connected to a modulator. The analog output of the modulator is connected to the input of the HF transformer. The output of the HF transformer is connected to the input of a demodulator. Simple amplitude modulation can be used in the modulator to modulate the input signal to the frequency range of operation of the HF transformer. A simple low pass filter may be incorporated in the demodulator to remove harmonic distortion caused by the HF transformer. The output signal of the demodulator is substantially the same as input signal.

Abstract: A method and device are provided that allow computation of multiple modulus conversion (MMC) outputs using little or no division operations. Instead of division operations, multiplication and logical shift operations are used to produce pseudo-quotients and pseudo-remainders, which may be corrected in a final step to produce correct MMC outputs. This allows for more efficient implementation, since division is typically less efficient than multiplication and logical shift. The method and device operate on MMC inputs that may be partitioned into sub-quotients of varying numbers of digits in any numbering system. The multiplication and logical shift operations are performed on each of the sub-quotients according to a procedure derived from long-division techniques.

Abstract: A method and device are provided that allow computation of multiple modulus conversion (MMC) outputs using little or no division operations. Instead of division operations, multiplication and logical shift operations are used to produce pseudo-quotients and pseudo-remainders, which may be corrected in a final step to produce correct MMC outputs. This allows for more efficient implementation, since division is typically less efficient than multiplication and logical shift. The method and device operate on MMC inputs that may be partitioned into sub-quotients of varying numbers of digits in any numbering system. The multiplication and logical shift operations are performed on each of the sub-quotients according to a procedure derived from long-division techniques.

Abstract: An electrical isolation barrier for use in a Data Access Arrangement uses a high frequency (HF) transformer 24 to provide isolation. An input signal, which may be analog or digital, is connected to a modulator. The analog output of the modulator is connected to the input of the HF transformer. The output of the HF transformer is connected to the input of a demodulator. Simple amplitude modulation can be used in the modulator to modulate the input signal to the frequency range of operation of the HF transformer. A simple low pass filter may be incorporated in the demodulator to remove harmonic distortion caused by the HF transformer. The output signal of the demodulator is substantially the same as input signal.

Abstract: A method and device are provided that allow computation of multiple modulus conversion (MMC) outputs using little or no division operations. Instead of division operations, multiplication and logical shift operations are used to produce pseudo-quotients and pseudo-remainders, which may be corrected in a final step to produce correct MMC outputs. This allows for more efficient implementation, since division is typically less efficient than multiplication and logical shift. The method and device operate on MMC inputs that may be partitioned into sub-quotients of varying numbers of digits in any numbering system. The multiplication and logical shift operations are performed on each of the sub-quotients according to a procedure derived from long-division techniques.

Abstract: A spectral shaping PCM modem communication system uses a symbol encoder to encode a data bit stream into a PCM symbol stream. A plurality of different frames are formed from the PCM symbol stream. Performance metrics are computed for each possible frame and its inversion so a decision can be made in order to select a most desirable frame and inversion Delays are injected in the data flow to allow a look-ahead and thus provide for better frame selection and inversion decisions. A channel multiplexer combines decision bits and output frames to form encoded output frames that are fed to a digital channel connected to a telephone network wherein they are converted to analog signal. A corresponding decoder converts analog signals from the telephone network to digital signals. A timing recovery and equalization means corrects sample timing and removes inter-symbol interference effects introduced by telephone networks.

Abstract: A device for use in a modem configuration that enables the transfer of data from a host signal processor (HSP) to an A/D-D/A converter or CODEC with less data loss, with low noise and that can send data at varying carrier frequencies without changing the size of the buffers. The device further allows for data transfer that is flexible with any given modulation scheme, carrier frequency or baud frequency to conform with the V.34, V90, as well as prior and subsequent recommendations. The device further includes a counter for counting the number of data samples transferred between the CODEC and the HSP and for alerting the HSP to avoid an overflow condition. The counter is further configured to count beyond the physical size of the buffer in order to simplify operation in an overflow condition. A transmit buffer is included for transferring data from the HSP to the CODEC.

Abstract: A spectral shaping PCM modem communication system uses a symbol encoder to encode a data bit stream into a PCM symbol stream. A plurality of different frames are formed from the PCM symbol stream. Performance metrics are computed for each possible frame and its inversion so a decision can be made in order to select a most desirable frame and inversion. Delays are injected in the data flow to allow a look-ahead and thus provide for better frame selection and inversion decisions. A channel multiplexer combines decision bits and output frames to form encoded output frames that are fed to a digital channel connected to a telephone network wherein they are converted to analog signal. A corresponding decoder converts analog signals from the telephone network to digital signals. A timing recovery and equalization means corrects sample timing and removes inter-symbol interference effects introduced by telephone networks.