Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A marketplace diagnostics framework for analyzing and managing online marketplaces.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are membranes, composition for forming membranes, methods for forming membranes, and sensors and other devices comprising membranes. The membrane comprises a polyurethane component, the polyurethane component comprising a blend of from 5 wt % to 95 wt %, based on the total weight of the polyurethane component, of an amphiphilic polyurethane, and from 5 wt % to 95 wt %, based on the total weight of the polyurethane component, of a hydrophobic polyurethane.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media can receive a set of video frames associated with a video. A determination can be made that a threshold number of video frames of the set of video frames depict two or more reaction icons of a set of reaction icons. The video can be identified as a poll video based on the determining that the threshold number of video frames of the set of video frames depict two or more reaction icons of the set of reaction icons.

Abstract: A multi-protocol receiver for receiving at least one input signal comprises: a comparator, a protection controller, and a multi-stage current mode logic (“CML”) buffer. The comparator compares a reference voltage and a predefined voltage. At least one output of the comparator is coupled to at least one input of the protection controller. The multi-stage current mode logic buffer receives the input signal and the reference voltage. Outputs of the protection controller are coupled to control inputs of the multi-stage CML buffer for operating the multi-stage CML buffer to process the input signal and the reference signal.

Abstract: A digital voltmeter, where a number of clock pulses for a first ramp voltage to reach an input voltage is determined. Next, a number of clock pulses for a second ramp voltage to reach the input voltage is determined. One of the first and the second ramp voltages having a least number of clock pulses to reach the input voltage is determined. A determination is made for a number of clock pulses for the determined one of the first and the second ramp voltages to reach a reference voltage. A digital code is generated for the input voltage based on the determined number of clock pulses for reaching the reference voltage and the determined least number of clock pulses for reaching the input voltage.

Abstract: A synchronizing high-speed clock divider has a Clk input, a Clks input, and a reset input configured to correct phase misalignment on clock divider outputs caused by phase skew between a Clk input signal and a Clks input signal, and comprises a reset synchronizer configured to generate at least one synchronous internal reset signal in response to a reset signal and the Clk input signal, a first clock divider configured to receive the Clk input signal on the Clk input and a reset signal on a first clock divider reset input to provide a Clk out signal, a second clock divider configured to receive the Clks input signal on the Clks input and the reset signal on a second clock divider reset input to provide a Clks out signal, a phase skew detector configured to detect a phase alignment between the Clk out signal and the Clks out signal, and a phase skew corrector coupled to the phase skew detector and the second clock divider configured to change the phase alignment to be within a same phase as the first clock div

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A digital ad-buying platform uses counterfactual-based incrementality measurement by implementing randomization and/or a correction for auction win bias to avoid the need to identify counterfactual winner types in the control group. This approach can estimate impact at the individual consumer level. Confidence levels can be determined using Gibbs sampling in the context of causal analysis in the presence of non-compliance.

Abstract: A pulse-width-to-voltage (“PWV”) converter, comprises: a switch, a capacitor, a current source, and a current sink. The switch is operable by a signal. The current source, the current sink, and the switch are serially connected across a high voltage potential and a low voltage potential. An output node is coupled to a serial connection between the current source and the current sink. An end of the capacitor is coupled to the output node for converting a current into a control voltage indicative of a duty cycle of the signal.

Abstract: A multi-protocol receiver for receiving at least one input signal comprises: a comparator, a protection controller, and a multi-stage current mode logic (“CML”) buffer. The comparator compares a reference voltage and a predefined voltage. At least one output of the comparator is coupled to at least one input of the protection controller. The multi-stage current mode logic buffer receives the input signal and the reference voltage. Outputs of the protection controller are coupled to control inputs of the multi-stage CML buffer for operating the multi-stage CML buffer to process the input signal and the reference signal.

Abstract: A digital voltmeter, where a number of clock pulses for a first ramp voltage to reach an input voltage is determined. Next, a number of clock pulses for a second ramp voltage to reach the input voltage is determined. One of the first and the second ramp voltages having a least number of clock pulses to reach the input voltage is determined. A determination is made for a number of clock pulses for the determined one of the first and the second ramp voltages to reach a reference voltage. A digital code is generated for the input voltage based on the determined number of clock pulses for reaching the reference voltage and the determined least number of clock pulses for reaching the input voltage.

Abstract: A pulse-width-to-voltage (“PWV”) converter, comprises: a switch, a capacitor, a current source, and a current sink. The switch is operable by a signal. The current source, the current sink, and the switch are serially connected across a high voltage potential and a low voltage potential. An output node is coupled to a serial connection between the current source and the current sink. An end of the capacitor is coupled to the output node for converting a current into a control voltage indicative of a duty cycle of the signal.

Abstract: A marketplace diagnostics framework for analyzing and managing online marketplaces.

Abstract: A power voltage detector comprises voltage sensors for sensing supply voltages; and a logic. The logic combines the sensed supply voltages to generate a logic output indicative of whether the sensed supply voltages have met one or more predefined thresholds. Each of the voltage sensors has diode-connected transistors and passive resistance. The diode-connected transistors and the passive resistance are serially connected for generating an output, where the output is coupled to an input of the logic.