Abstract: The present application relates to the field of fuel filter components of internal combustion engines, and discloses a filter with a rotating device, including a filter element and the rotating device installed on the filter element. The filter element is provided with a clamping structure matched with the rotating device. The rotating device is provided with an eccentrically arranged fuel return plug, an internal opening, and a drive portion structure. By arranging the rotating device, the service life of this filter is prolonged. By forming the internal opening and arranging the fuel return plug, the installation efficiency and convenience of this filter are improved.

Abstract: The present application relates to the field of fuel filter components of internal combustion engines, and discloses a fuel filter element, including a support tube, a filter medium, and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate. The upper cover plate is provided with a first channel. The lower cover plate is provided with a second channel. An air duct is arranged between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate. The air duct communicates with the first channel and the second channel, and the air duct is positioned on an outer side of the filter medium. The filter medium is arranged between the air duct and a fuel feeding position, such that the stability of a fuel supply pressure and an exhaust state of this fuel filter element is enhanced.

Abstract: The present application discloses a fuel-water separation filter element capable of exhausting gas, and a filter. The filter element includes a filter element frame, a filter medium, and an exhaust valve assembly. An upper end cover and a lower end cover are arranged at an upper end and a lower end of the filter element frame. The upper end cover is provided with a recess surface along an axial direction of the filter element frame. The exhaust valve assembly includes a valve seat and a valve element. The valve seat and the recess surface form an exhaust cavity communicating with the inside of the filter element. The exhaust valve assembly in the present application can effectively exhaust gas in the filter.

Abstract: The present application discloses an electrostatically conductive filter element. An annular end cover made of a conductive material is connected to one end of a filter medium of the filter element. An annular raised wall axially extends from an inner opening of the annular end cover. Conductive portions radially extending inwards and configured to be in hard connection with an external conductive device are arranged on an inner surface of the annular raised wall. During use of this filter element, the conductive portions can be stably electrically connected to the external conductive device, and the static electricity generated by the filter medium is dissipated to the outside by the external conductive device.

Abstract: The present application provides a fuel-water separation filter element and a fuel filter. The filter element includes a fuel duct, a water blocking tube, and a filter medium. An upper cover plate is connected to one end of the fuel duct. The upper cover plate is formed with an air collection cavity in the fuel duct. The water blocking tube is provided with a water blocking portion positioned in the fuel duct, and a vent pin axially extends from an end surface of one end of the water blocking portion. The vent pin respectively communicates with the air collection cavity and the outside. During operation of the filter element in the present application, gas mixed into a fuel supply system may be effectively exhausted.

Abstract: Some embodiments include apparatuses and methods of forming the apparatuses. One of the apparatuses includes tiers located one over another; a first staircase structure formed in the tiers; a second staircase structure formed in the tiers adjacent the first staircase structure, respective portions of conductive materials in the tiers forming a part of the first and second staircase structure and a part of respective control gates associated with memory cells; a first trench structure formed in the tiers adjacent the first staircase structure and the second staircase structure, the first trench structure including length in a direction from the first staircase structure to the second staircase structure; and a second trench structure formed in the tiers adjacent the first trench structure, the second trench structure including a length in the direction from the first staircase structure to the second staircase structure.

Abstract: Lithiated electrodes, electrochemical cells including lithiated electrodes, and methods of making the same are provided. The method includes lithiating at least one electrode in an electrochemical cell by applying current across a first current collector of the at least one electrode to a second current collector of an auxiliary electrode. The electrochemical cell may be disposed within a battery packaging and the auxiliary electrode may be disposed within the battery packaging adjacent to an edge of the electrochemical cell. The at least one electrode may include a first electroactive layer disposed on or near one or more surfaces of the first current collector, and the auxiliary electrode may include a second electroactive layer disposed at or near one or more surfaces of the second current collector. The method may further include extracting the auxiliary electrode from the battery packaging and sealing the battery packaging, which includes the pre-lithiated electrochemical cell.

Abstract: A negative electrode for an electrochemical cell of a secondary lithium metal battery is manufactured by a method in which a precursor solution is applied to a major surface of a lithium metal substrate to form a precursor coating thereon. The precursor solution includes an organophosphate, a nonpolar organic solvent, and a lithium-containing inorganic ionic compound dissolved therein. At least a portion of the nonpolar organic solvent is removed from the precursor coating to form a protective interfacial layer on the major surface of the lithium metal substrate. The protective interfacial layer exhibits a composite structure including a carbon-based matrix component and a lithium-containing dispersed component. The lithium-containing dispersed component is embedded in the carbon-based matrix component and includes a plurality of lithium-containing inorganic ionic compounds, e.g., lithium phosphate (Li3PO4) and lithium nitrate (LiNO3).

Abstract: A method of creating an interface includes: a) adding organometallic compounds to a polymeric material to create an interfacial layer; b) placing the polymeric material having the interfacial layer in a mold; c) heating a deposit material until the deposit material has a predetermined-minimized volumetric density; and d) depositing the deposit material on the interfacial layer. The latent heat of the molten metallic material transfers to the interfacial layer to create chemical bonds and physical interlocks between the interfacial layer and the metallic material. The deposit material cools to form solidified layer on the interfacial layer.

Abstract: A negative electrode for an electrochemical cell of a secondary lithium metal battery is manufactured by a method in which a precursor solution is applied to a major surface of a lithium metal substrate to form a precursor coating thereon. The precursor solution includes an organophosphate, a nonpolar organic solvent, and a lithium-containing inorganic ionic compound dissolved therein. At least a portion of the nonpolar organic solvent is removed from the precursor coating to form a protective interfacial layer on the major surface of the lithium metal substrate. The protective interfacial layer exhibits a composite structure including a carbon-based matrix component and a lithium-containing dispersed component. The lithium-containing dispersed component is embedded in the carbon-based matrix component and includes a plurality of lithium-containing inorganic ionic compounds, e.g., lithium phosphate (Li3PO4) and lithium nitrate (LiNO3).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a negative electrode material and methods of preparation and use relating thereto. The electrode material comprises a plurality of electroactive material particles, where each electroactive material particle includes an electroactive material core and an electronically conductive coating. The method includes contacting an electroactive material precursor including a plurality of electroactive material particles with a solution so as to form an electronically conductive coating on each of the electroactive material particles. The solution includes a solvent and one or more of copper fluoride (CuF2), titanium tetrafluoride (TiF3 or TiF4), iron fluoride (FeF3), nickel fluoride (NiF2), manganese fluoride (MnF2, MnF3, or MnF4), and vanadium fluoride (VF3, VF4, VF5). The electronically conductive coating includes a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions. The plurality of first regions include lithium fluoride.

Abstract: A method for identifying distracted pedestrians. The method includes determining operating conditions of a vehicle using a plurality of vehicle controllers. Pedestrian parameters for a pedestrian in a vicinity of the vehicle are acquired using a plurality of vehicle sensors. The pedestrian parameters include at least one of face positions, body positions, gait and hand gestures. Information related to an environment surrounding the vehicle is acquired. Pedestrian awareness level is determined based on the acquired pedestrian parameters and based on the information related to the environment surrounding the vehicle. A determination is made whether the pedestrian awareness level is below a predefined threshold. The pedestrian is classified as distracted, in response to determining that the pedestrian awareness level is below the predefined threshold.

Abstract: An electrode component for an electrochemical cell is provided herein. The electrode component includes a current collector having a first surface, a metal oxide layer disposed on the first surface of the current collector, and a lithium-containing layer bonded to the first surface of the current collector. The metal oxide layer includes a plurality of features. A method for manufacturing such an electrode component is also provided herein. The method includes directing a laser beam toward the first surface of the current collector in the presence of oxygen to form the metal oxide layer on the first surface and applying the lithium-containing layer to the metal oxide layer thereby bonding the lithium-containing layer with the current collector.

Abstract: Lithiated electrodes, electrochemical cells including lithiated electrodes, and methods of making the same are provided. The method includes lithiating at least one electrode in an electrochemical cell by applying current across a first current collector of the at least one electrode to a second current collector of an auxiliary electrode. The electrochemical cell may be disposed within a battery packaging and the auxiliary electrode may be disposed within the battery packaging adjacent to an edge of the electrochemical cell. The at least one electrode may include a first electroactive layer disposed on or near one or more surfaces of the first current collector, and the auxiliary electrode may include a second electroactive layer disposed at or near one or more surfaces of the second current collector. The method may further include extracting the auxiliary electrode from the battery packaging and sealing the battery packaging, which includes the pre-lithiated electrochemical cell.

Abstract: A method for improving pedestrian safety is provided. The method includes determining operating conditions of a vehicle using a plurality of vehicle sensors. A path of the vehicle is predicted based on the determined operating conditions. Pedestrian parameters for a pedestrian in a vicinity of the vehicle are acquired using the plurality of vehicle sensors. The pedestrian parameters include at least one of a position, a speed of the pedestrian, gait, body posture and a level of distractedness. A determination is made whether a notification of the pedestrian is necessary based on the determined vehicle operating conditions and the acquired pedestrian parameters. A mode of notification of the pedestrian is selected from a plurality of modes of notification, in response to determining that the notification of the pedestrian is necessary. The pedestrian is notified using the selected mode of notification.

Abstract: A method of creating an interface includes: a) adding organometallic compounds to a polymeric material to create an interfacial layer; b) placing the polymeric material having the interfacial layer in a mold; c) heating a deposit material until the deposit material has a predetermined-minimized volumetric density; and d) depositing the deposit material on the interfacial layer. The latent heat of the molten metallic material transfers to the interfacial layer to create chemical bonds and physical interlocks between the interfacial layer and the metallic material. The deposit material cools to form solidified layer on the interfacial layer.

Abstract: A method for optimal notification of a relevant object in a potentially unsafe situation includes training a machine learning model using a plurality of object parameters and a plurality of vehicle state parameters to generate a trained machine learning model. Output data is predicted using the trained machine learning model. The output data represents an optimal mode of notification and a set of notification parameters for a specific state of interaction between the vehicle and the relevant object.

Abstract: A method for identifying distracted pedestrians. The method includes determining operating conditions of a vehicle using a plurality of vehicle controllers. Pedestrian parameters for a pedestrian in a vicinity of the vehicle are acquired using a plurality of vehicle sensors. The pedestrian parameters include at least one of face positions, body positions, gait and hand gestures. Information related to an environment surrounding the vehicle is acquired. Pedestrian awareness level is determined based on the acquired pedestrian parameters and based on the information related to the environment surrounding the vehicle. A determination is made whether the pedestrian awareness level is below a predefined threshold. The pedestrian is classified as distracted, in response to determining that the pedestrian awareness level is below the predefined threshold.

Abstract: A method for improving pedestrian safety is provided. The method includes determining operating conditions of a vehicle using a plurality of vehicle sensors. A path of the vehicle is predicted based on the determined operating conditions. Pedestrian parameters for a pedestrian in a vicinity of the vehicle are acquired using the plurality of vehicle sensors. The pedestrian parameters include at least one of a position, a speed of the pedestrian, gait, body posture and a level of distractedness. A determination is made whether a notification of the pedestrian is necessary based on the determined vehicle operating conditions and the acquired pedestrian parameters. A mode of notification of the pedestrian is selected from a plurality of modes of notification, in response to determining that the notification of the pedestrian is necessary. The pedestrian is notified using the selected mode of notification.

Abstract: A vehicle information system for projecting images with respect to a vehicle is provided. The vehicle information system includes an image projection device disposed on the vehicle. The image projection device is operable to project an image on a surface with respect to the vehicle. The vehicle information system also includes a vehicle-based portion that receives information regarding a status of the vehicle and determines whether the projecting images is acceptable. The vehicle-based portion also causes the image projection device to project the image on the surface with respect to the vehicle when projecting images is acceptable.