Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a charging apparatus for a vehicle is provided. The apparatus includes a power converter having a primary stage, a first secondary stage, and a second secondary stage. The primary stage is configured to receive an incoming voltage to generate a first input voltage. The first secondary stage includes a first plurality of electrical components configured to generate a first portion of an output voltage. The second secondary stage is in series with the first secondary stage and includes a second plurality of electrical components configured to generate a second portion of the output voltage. Each of the first plurality of electrical components and the second plurality of electrical components is rated to a voltage rating that is less than a total sum of the first portion and the second portion of the output voltage.

Abstract: A power factor corrector (PFC), such as for an on-board charger (OBC) for charging a vehicle traction battery, uses an input voltage and an input current from a power source to output a desired voltage. The PFC has an inductor and first and second power switches. A micro-controller generates, for each half-cycle of the input voltage, first and second reference signals respectively indicative of (i) a sinusoidal envelope of the inductor current for which the PFC will absorb sufficient power from the power source for the PFC to output the desired voltage and (ii) a reverse value of the inductor current for which zero voltage switching (ZVS) of the switches is ensured. A comparator assembly turns the first switch off (on) and the second switch on (off) upon the inductor current equaling the outer sinusoidal amplitude envelope (the reverse value) whereby the PFC outputs the desired voltage with ZVS.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a transformer assembly is provided. The assembly includes a first printed circuit board (PCB), a magnetic core, a primary winding, and a secondary winding. The magnetic core is positioned about the first PCB. The primary winding is implemented as a wire assembly and is positioned on a first side of the PCB to interface with the magnetic core. The secondary winding is embedded within the first PCB to interface with the primary winding and the magnetic core to convert an input signal into a converted output signal.

Abstract: A power factor corrector (PFC), such as for an on-board charger (OBC) for charging a vehicle traction battery, uses an input voltage and an input current from a power source to output a desired voltage. The PFC has an inductor and first and second power switches. A micro-controller generates, for each half-cycle of the input voltage, first and second reference signals respectively indicative of (i) a sinusoidal envelope of the inductor current for which the PFC will absorb sufficient power from the power source for the PFC to output the desired voltage and (ii) a reverse value of the inductor current for which zero voltage switching (ZVS) of the switches is ensured. A comparator assembly turns the first switch off (on) and the second switch on (off) upon the inductor current equaling the outer sinusoidal amplitude envelope (the reverse value) whereby the PFC outputs the desired voltage with ZVS.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, a charging apparatus for a vehicle is provided. The apparatus includes a power converter having a primary stage, a first secondary stage, and a second secondary stage. The primary stage is configured to receive an incoming voltage to generate a first input voltage. The first secondary stage includes a first plurality of electrical components configured to generate a first portion of an output voltage. The second secondary stage is in series with the first secondary stage and includes a second plurality of electrical components configured to generate a second portion of the output voltage. Each of the first plurality of electrical components and the second plurality of electrical components is rated to a voltage rating that is less than a total sum of the first portion and the second portion of the output voltage.

Abstract: Increased antigenicity of a membrane-bound polypeptide produced from a plant is provided in a process in which extraction of the polypeptide or other compounds from the plant is such that phospholipids are associated with the polypeptide. Reducing fat by supercritical fluid extraction increases antigenicity of such plant-produced membrane-bound polypeptides. Methods and means of producing such membrane-bound polypeptides are provided. Methods to produce a protective response in animals are provided by administering to the animal the membrane-bound polypeptide. Binding of antibody specific to the membrane-bound polypeptide is increased. The process provides for increased preferred formation of the membrane-bound polypeptide. Stability of the membrane-bound polypeptide is increased when the plant material is defatted.

Abstract: Increased antigenicity of a membrane-bound polypeptide produced from a plant is provided in a process in which extraction of the polypeptide or other compounds from the plant is such that phospholipids are associated with the polypeptide. Reducing fat by supercritical fluid extraction increases antigenicity of such plant-produced membrane-bound polypeptides. Methods and means of producing such membrane-bound polypeptides are provided. Methods to produce a protective response in animals are provided by administering to the animal the membrane-bound polypeptide. Binding of antibody specific to the membrane-bound polypeptide is increased. The process provides for increased preferred formation of the membrane-bound polypeptide. Stability of the membrane-bound polypeptide is increased when the plant material is defatted.

Abstract: A food product and process of making the same is provided which results in a high milk protein product having 10% to 25% milk protein content, higher phospholipids compared to unadulterated cow milk, a casein to whey ration of at least 50:50 and is shelf stable for at least six months. In the process whole milk and at least one milk protein source is mixed, heated and contacted with an acid or acidulating substance and co-precipitated to produce a semi-solid precipitate. The precipitate is mixed with starch and cooked.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a high voltage electrical system that may include a power source, a power source control module that may be electrically connected to the power source, and a controller. The power source control module may include a switch and a converter. The converter may be disposed electrically in parallel with the switch. The controller may be configured to control operation of the switch and the converter. The controller may be configured to selectively electrically connect the power source with an electrical load via the switch and the converter.

Abstract: A food product and process of making the same is provided which results in a high milk protein product having 10% to 25% milk protein content, higher phospholipids compared to unadulterated cow milk, a casein to whey ration of at least 50:50 and is shelf stable for at least six months. In the process whole milk and at least one milk protein source is mixed, heated and contacted with an acid or acidulating substance and co-precipitated to produce a semi-solid precipitate. The precipitate is mixed with starch and cooked.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes a high voltage electrical system that may include a power source, a power source control module that may be electrically connected to the power source, and a controller. The power source control module may include a switch and a converter. The converter may he disposed electrically in parallel with the switch. The controller may be configured to control operation of the switch and the converter. The controller may be configured to selectively electrically connect the power source with an electrical load via the switch and the converter.

Abstract: The device disclosed herein is a quadracycle including a forward assembly and a rear assembly. The forward assembly includes a forward frame, a right suspension assembly connecting a forward right wheel assembly to the forward frame, and a left suspension assembly connecting a forward left wheel assembly to the forward frame. The rear assembly includes a right rear frame, a left rear frame, a rear tube connector connecting the right frame to the left frame, and a rear suspension assembly connecting the forward frame to the right rear frame and the left rear frame.

Abstract: A food product and process of making the same is provided which results in a high milk protein product having 10% to 25% milk protein content, higher phospholipids compared to unadulterated cow milk, a casein to whey ration of at least 50:50 and is shelf stable for at least six months. In the process whole milk and at least one milk protein source is mixed, heated and contacted with an acid or acidulating substance and co-precipitated to produce a semi-solid precipitate. The precipitate is mixed with starch and cooked.

Abstract: Increased antigenicity of a membrane-bound polypeptide produced from a plant is provided in a process in which extraction of the polypeptide or other compounds from the plant is such that phospholipids are associated with the polypeptide. Reducing fat by supercritical fluid extraction increases antigenicity of such plant-produced membrane-bound polypeptides. Methods and means of producing such membrane-bound polypeptides are provided. Methods to produce a protective response in animals are provided by administering to the animal the membrane-bound polypeptide. Binding of antibody specific to the membrane-bound polypeptide is increased. The process provides for increased preferred formation of the membrane-bound polypeptide. Stability of the membrane-bound polypeptide is increased when the plant material is defatted.

Abstract: A system configured to facilitate wireless communications between different ground planes is provided. The system may rely on bi-directional communications between galvanically isolated components to support any number of operations, including but not limited operations associated with supporting wireless message communications between three or more isolated ground planes, such as but not limited to supporting communications between three or more ground planes included within an onboard vehicle charger.

Abstract: An automotive electric motor speed control system may include at least one electric motor adapted to cause a moveable element to move, a DC/DC power converter configured to output a voltage to the at least one electric motor that increases to a desired value and subsequently decreases to control the movement of the moveable element, and a controller configured to control the rate of voltage increase and voltage decrease output by the converter.

Abstract: A system configured to facilitate wireless communications between different ground planes is provided. The system may rely on bi-directional communications between galvanically isolated components to support any number of operations, including but not limited operations associated with supporting wireless message communications between three or more isolated ground planes, such as but not limited to supporting communications between three or more ground planes included within an onboard vehicle charger.

Abstract: An automotive electric motor speed control system may include at least one electric motor adapted to cause a moveable element to move, a DC/DC power converter configured to output a voltage to the at least one electric motor that increases to a desired value and subsequently decreases to control the movement of the moveable element, and a controller configured to control the rate of voltage increase and voltage decrease output by the converter.

Abstract: A method (100) and a system (200) for processing mammalian bodily fluids to isolate target peptides and proteins. The method can include the steps of passing a mammalian bodily fluid through at least one ion exchange column (204). The ion exchange column can include an anionic resin and/or a cationic resin. The ion exchange column can be selected to remove large particles at a first pH level selected to remove such large particles at a maximum fluid pressure of 30 pounds per square inch (psi), for example less than 10 psi. The large particles can be released from the ion exchange column with a rinse solution having a pH selected for releasing the large particles. The pH of the fluid then can be adjusted to be a value less than 5.0, and the fluid can be filtered with a microfilter or ultrafilter (210).

Abstract: The mobile element is a vehicle window pane, panel, movable seat or similar, conveniently guided, and driven by a DC electric motor with a permanent magnet, and the method comprises a step of detecting an entrapment or collision situation of the mobile element by means of a first fuzzy logic algorithm, which inputs are the mobile element's position and the increments that may occur in the intensity of the current demanded by said motor, which is evaluated from the relative increase of the current intensity at one turn of the motor and after one next, subsequent turn of the motor. A second fuzzy logic algorithm is used to control the mobile element's velocity, in close loop.