Abstract: An electric drive shaft is disclosed including at least one speed-variable generator for generating a voltage with a variable amplitude and a variable frequency, and at least one speed-variable drive motor supplied with the voltage. The drive shaft enables repercussions on the voltage during sudden load changes, and therefore the complexity of the regulation for stabilizing the voltage, to be reduced due to the generator including a supraconductor winding, especially a high-temperature supraconductor winding.

Abstract: A ship drive system includes a first and one second drive shaft for driving a respective propulsion unit, wherein each of the electric drive shafts includes at least one speed-variable generator driven by an internal combustion engine for generating a motor voltage having a variable amplitude and variable frequency, and at least one speed-variable drive motor that is supplied with the voltage and coupled to the propulsion unit. The first and second drive shafts can be switched from a first operating state, in which they are electrically disconnected from each other, to a second operating state, in which they are electrically coupled to each other such energy can be transmitted from the at least one generator of the one drive shaft to the at least one drive motor of the other drive shaft. To this end, the at least one generator includes a superconductor winding.

Abstract: A watercraft and controller are disclosed. An embodiment includes a controller for the water craft being configured to operate at least one drive propeller of the drive system of the watercraft below a first propeller rotational speed according to a first operating state by operating at least one drive motor, connected to the at least one drive propeller, via a first alternating voltage; and operate the at least one drive propeller above the first propeller rotational speed according to a second operating state by operating the at least one drive motor via a second alternating voltage. In a transition from the first into the second operating state or vice versa, the first internal combustion engine is operated at such a rotational speed that the at least one drive propeller is driven at the first propeller rotational speed, and the first alternating voltage is synchronized with the second alternating voltage.

Abstract: A superconducting machine is disclosed, in particular for use as a generator in a stand-alone power system. In at least one embodiment, the superconducting machine includes a stator and a rotor capable of rotating with respect to the stator. At least one superconducting coil for generating at least two magnetic poles is provided on at least one component part, in particular the rotor, which superconducting coil is cooled via a cooling device; and at least two parallel winding elements are provided on the respective other component part, in particular the stator, in the armature winding for each phase, which winding elements can be connected either in series or in parallel via at least one switching device.

Abstract: A watercraft and controller are disclosed. An embodiment includes a controller for the water craft being configured to operate at least one drive propeller of the drive system of the watercraft below a first propeller rotational speed according to a first operating state by operating at least one drive motor, connected to the at least one drive propeller, via a first alternating voltage; and operate the at least one drive propeller above the first propeller rotational speed according to a second operating state by operating the at least one drive motor via a second alternating voltage. In a transition from the first into the second operating state or vice versa, the first internal combustion engine is operated at such a rotational speed that the at least one drive propeller is driven at the first propeller rotational speed, and the first alternating voltage is synchronized with the second alternating voltage.

Abstract: A drive method is disclosed. An embodiment includes an operation of at least one drive propeller of the drive system below a first predefinable propeller rotational speed according to a first operating state by operating at least one drive motor, connected to the at least one drive propeller, of the drive system via a first alternating voltage. The method further includes operation of the at least one drive propeller above the first predefinable propeller rotational speed according to a second operating state by operating the at least one drive motor via a second alternating voltage. In a transition from the first operating state into the second operating state or vice versa, the first internal combustion engine is operated at such a rotational speed that the at least one drive propeller is driven at the first propeller rotational speed, and the first alternating voltage is synchronized with the second alternating voltage.

Abstract: A device for generating exhaust gas including a exhaust gas channel and a system. The system includes: a plurality of Bragg gratings distributed in positions transversely to the direction of flow of an exhaust gas at the end of the exhaust gas channel; an optical wave guide structure includes at least one optical wave guide and the Bragg gratings; and a heating device arranged adjacently to the Bragg gratings and through which the Bragg gratings are subjected to heat, or a cooling device arranged adjacently to the Bragg gratings, through which the Bragg gratings can be subjected to cold. The optical wave guide structure and the heating device or the cooling device are arranged at the end of the exhaust gas channel at a distance from an outlet of the exhaust gas into the surroundings of the device.

Abstract: Methods and devices are disclosed for determining chemical and/or physical properties of working substances in a machine system, particularly in a floating device. In at least one embodiment, the working substance is irradiated with light, wherein the working substance has at least one temperature from a defined temperature range during irradiation; and the light penetrating the working substance or reflected by the working substance is spectrally analyzed.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for mixing a first stream of a flow medium and a second stream of the flow medium, a temperature of the first and second streams being different. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes at least one mixing apparatus configured as a blade-free fan, including at least one opening and a Coanda surface arranged in the region of the at least one opening. During operation, the first stream emerges from the at least one opening and can be steered by the Coanda surface, wherein the second stream flows in the region of the at least one opening, and wherein the first stream, following the emergence thereof from the at least one opening, is mixable with the second stream. The apparatus also includes a first infeed for the first stream and a second infeed for the second stream, first and second infeeds being configured as a double-walled tube.

Abstract: A drive method is disclosed. An embodiment includes an operation of at least one drive propeller of the drive system below a first predefinable propeller rotational speed according to a first operating state by operating at least one drive motor, connected to the at least one drive propeller, of the drive system via a first alternating voltage. The method further includes operation of the at least one drive propeller above the first predefinable propeller rotational speed according to a second operating state by operating the at least one drive motor via a second alternating voltage. In a transition from the first operating state into the second operating state or vice versa, the first internal combustion engine is operated at such a rotational speed that the at least one drive propeller is driven at the first propeller rotational speed, and the first alternating voltage is synchronized with the second alternating voltage.

Abstract: A superconducting machine is disclosed, in particular for use as a generator in a stand-alone power system. In at least one embodiment, the superconducting machine includes a stator and a rotor capable of rotating with respect to the stator. At least one superconducting coil for generating at least two magnetic poles is provided on at least one component part, in particular the rotor, which superconducting coil is cooled via a cooling device; and at least two parallel winding elements are provided on the respective other component part, in particular the stator, in the armature winding for each phase, which winding elements can be connected either in series or in parallel via at least one switching device.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention relates to a housing unit for an electric machine, including at least one housing and at least one flow device for generating at least one first flow of a fluid, the flow device being arranged inside the at least one housing. According to an embodiment of the invention, the at least one flow device includes at least one fan, which has at least one opening and a Coanda surface, wherein the Coanda surface is arranged in the region of the opening, whereby the first flow of the fluid exits from the at least one opening in a predetermined direction and whereby at least one component, which can be arranged in the housing, can be subjected to incident blowing in a targeted manner.

Abstract: A ship drive system includes a first and one second drive shaft for driving a respective propulsion unit, wherein each of the electric drive shafts includes at least one speed-variable generator driven by an internal combustion engine for generating a motor voltage having a variable amplitude and variable frequency, and at least one speed-variable drive motor that is supplied with the voltage and coupled to the propulsion unit. The first and second drive shafts can be switched from a first operating state, in which they are electrically disconnected from each other, to a second operating state, in which they are electrically coupled to each other such energy can be transmitted from the at least one generator of the one drive shaft to the at least one drive motor of the other drive shaft. To this end, the at least one generator includes a superconductor winding.

Abstract: A device for generating exhaust gas including a exhaust gas channel and a system. The system includes: a plurality of Bragg gratings distributed in positions transversely to the direction of flow of an exhaust gas at the end of the exhaust gas channel; an optical wave guide structure includes at least one optical wave guide and the Bragg gratings; and a heating device arranged adjacently to the Bragg gratings and through which the Bragg gratings are subjected to heat, or a cooling device arranged adjacently to the Bragg gratings, through which the Bragg gratings can be subjected to cold. The optical wave guide structure and the heating device or the cooling device are arranged at the end of the exhaust gas channel at a distance from an outlet of the exhaust gas into the surroundings of the device.

Abstract: An electric drive shaft is disclosed including at least one speed-variable generator for generating a voltage with a variable amplitude and a variable frequency, and at least one speed-variable drive motor supplied with the voltage. The drive shaft enables repercussions on the voltage during sudden load changes, and therefore the complexity of the regulation for stabilising the voltage, to be reduced due to the generator including a supraconductor winding, especially a high-temperature supraconductor winding.

Abstract: Methods and devices are disclosed for determining chemical and/or physical properties of working substances in a machine system, particularly in a floating device. In at least one embodiment, the working substance is irradiated with light, wherein the working substance has at least one temperature from a defined temperature range during irradiation; and the light penetrating the working substance or reflected by the working substance is spectrally analyzed.

Abstract: A submarine or surface watercraft is equipped with at least one, preferably supercharged charging diesel engine, which serves to charge the vessel's batteries and which is operated in a controlled and regulated manner during submarine snorkeling mode or during the normal operation of surface watercraft. In at least one embodiment, the exhaust gases produced during the operation of the charging diesel engine are mixed with a flow of water, which is drawn from the water surrounding the vessel and delivered in a regulated manner by a pump while interacting with a negative-pressure generating device, and, in a mixed state, are discharged under water. The operation of the formed negative-pressure generating and mixing device ensues while interacting with the controlling and regulating of the charging diesel engine.

Abstract: A submarine or surface watercraft is equipped with at least one, preferably supercharged charging diesel engine, which serves to charge the vessel's batteries and which is operated in a controlled and regulated manner during submarine snorkeling mode or during the normal operation of surface watercraft. In at least one embodiment, the exhaust gases produced during the operation of the charging diesel engine are mixed with a flow of water, which is drawn from the water surrounding the vessel and delivered in a regulated manner by a pump while interacting with a negative-pressure generating device, and, in a mixed state, are discharged under water. The operation of the formed negative-pressure generating and mixing device ensues while interacting with the controlling and regulating of the charging diesel engine.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for supplying external energy to electrical on-board power networks of ships, with there being at least one generator, one converter and electrical loads in the ship's on-board power network. In at least one embodiment of the method, the converter (shore connection converter) on board the ship, for transfer into the on-board power network, is fed by a connectable external current source with current of a different frequency and voltage to that of the on-board network and the current is converted in the converter semiconductors into current with the voltage, and the frequency of the on-board power network and fed to the on-board power network.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for supplying external energy to electrical on-board power networks of ships, with there being at least one generator, one converter and electrical loads in the ship's on-board power network. In at least one embodiment of the method, the converter (shore connection converter) on board the ship, for transfer into the on-board power network, is fed by a connectable external current source with current of a different frequency and voltage to that of the on-board network and the current is converted in the converter semiconductors into current with the voltage, and the frequency of the on-board power network and fed to the on-board power network.