Abstract: A solvent for producing emulsifiable concentrates from agriculturally active chemicals which are insoluble in water comprises an alkoxyalkyl lactam such as butoxy propyl pyrrolidone. An agriculturally active chemical and the alkoxyalkyl lactam are admixed optionally with co-solvents, emulsifiers and surfactants to produce a stable emulsifiable concentrate. The concentrate is dilutable with water at the point of use to produce either macro or micro emulsions which are themselves stable to assure even application.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrolysis resistant, water-soluble ammonium salt solids which are biologically active and which are described by the formula ##STR1## wherein m has a value of from 1 to 3; n has a value of from 1 to 4 and is equal to the free valences in anion R; p has a value of from 1 to 3; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen, and C.sub.1 to C.sub.2 alkyl; R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen, hydroxyalkyl and alkoxyalkyl radicals having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and R is the anion of a biologically active, water-insoluble anion having at least 1 deprotonized hydrogen and is derived from a biologically active, acidic, organic compound selected from the group of a carboxylic, thiocarbonic, sulfonic, sulfinic, thiosulfonic, thioacid, mono- and di-thiophosphate and phosphorous containing acid, having a pKa* value less than 5.

Abstract: An emulsifiable concentrate of agriculturally active chemical which, upon dilution, produces a highly stable emulsion and avoids precipitation of the active ingredient on extended storage. The inventive concentrate is composed of an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, and a solvent composed of first and second components. The first component has a hydrophilic property sufficiently high so as to solubilize the agriculturally active chemical. The second component is a hydrophobic solvent and is composed of at least between about 5 to 90 percent by weight of a compound having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl having from 5 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymers containing units of the structure ##STR1## or mixtures of A with more than one of B, B-1 and B-2; wherein R and R.sup.1 are each independently C.sub.1 to C.sub.18 alkyl;R.sup.2 is oxygen, sulfur or --NR.sup.5 --;R.sup.5 is hydrogen or lower alkyl;R.sup.3 is alkylene having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally mono- or di- substituted with lower alkyl;W is hydrogen, --NH.sub.4, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal;Y is alkylene;Z is hydrogen, --NH.sub.4, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal or mixtures thereof;X is lower alkyl, a hydroxy phenyl radical or mixtures thereof;t has a value of from 2 to 8 andm, m', m" and n independently have a value of from 30 to 3,500 and n represents at least 5 mole percent of the polymeric product. The invention is also releated to the synthesis of the above polymers and to their use as superior adhesives which have significantly improved bond strength.

Abstract: The invention relates to properties and uses of N-hydrocarbon substituted lactams, particularly N-alkyl substituted lactams having the formula ##STR1## wherein R' is a hydrophobic radical such as linear or branched chain alkyl group containing from 8 to 27 carbon atoms, most preferably micelle forming pyrrolidones having 12 to 16 carbon atoms in the R' group. The invention particularly relates to the uses of the N-hydrocarbon substituted lactams which involve surfactant properties, such as solubility, wetting, viscosity building, emulsifying and/or complexing properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to inhibiting leaching of crop treating chemicals into the ground water, aqua-system and surrounding soil of the treatment site by contacting the plant or plant site with an effective leach inhibiting, plant tolerating amount of a protein or carbohydrate derived polymer containing pendant hydroxy and secondary, tertiary or quaternized amino groups defined by the formula ##STR1## R is hydrogen or methyl; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each selected from the group of hydrogen and C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl, with the proviso that, in the above formula A, at least one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 or at least one of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is other than hydrogen;X.sup.- is an anion; a has a value of from 0 to 20 and b has a value of from 2 to 18.

Abstract: An emulsifiable concentrate of agriculturally active chemical which, upon dilution, produces a highly stable emulsion and avoids precipitation of the active ingredient on extended storage. The inventive concentrate is composed of an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, and a solvent composed of first and second components. The first component has a hydrophilic property sufficiently high so as to solubilize the agriculturally active chemical. The second component is a hydrophobic solvent and is composed of at least between about 5 to 90 percent by weight of a compound having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an alkyl having from 5 to 18 carbon atoms.

Abstract: An emulsifiable concentrate comprising an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, an organic diluent and a solvent having first and second components, the first component being capable of solubilizing the agriculturally active chemical and the second component in conjunction with the surfactant being effective to disperse the agriculturally active chemical. The inventive concentrate allows for high concentrations of the active ingredient, exhibits excellent stability and produces highly stable compositions upon dilution with water.

Abstract: The invention relates to polymers containing units of the structure ##STR1## or mixtures of A with more than one of B, B-1 and B-2; wherein R and R.sup.1 are each independently C.sub.1 to C.sub.18 alkyl;R.sup.2 is oxygen, sulfur or --NR.sup.5 --;R.sup.5 is hydrogen or lower alkyl;R.sup.3 is alkylene having from 3 to 6 carbon atoms, optionally mono- or di- substituted with lower alkyl;W is hydrogen --NH.sub.4, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal;Y is alkylene;Z is hydrogen, --NH.sub.4, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal or mixtures thereof;X is lower alkyl, a hydroxy phenyl radical or mixtures thereof;t has a value of from 2 to 8 andm, m', m" and n independently have a value of from 30 to 3,500 and n represents at least 5 mole percent of the polymeric product. The invention is also related to the synthesis of the above polymers and to their use as superior adhesives which have significantly improved bond strength.

Abstract: This invention relates to inhibiting leaching of crop treating chemicals into the ground water, aqua-system and surrounding soil of the treatment site by contacting the plant or plant site with an effective leach inhibiting, plant tolerating amount of a lactam containing polymer selected from the group of a crosslinked or non-crosslinked N-alkenyl lactam homopolymer or copolymer with a C.sub.2 to C.sub.30 comonomer selected from the group of an alkenoic acid; an alkenyl- anhydride, ester, ether, amino ester or amino amide and an alpha mono- or di- olefin, in which the lactam unit of the polymer is represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R is C.sub.3 to C.sub.6 alkylene optionally substituted with C.sub.1 to C.sub.20 alkyl; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently C.sub.2 to C.sub.20 alkyl or hydrogen and n has a value of from 0 or 2.

Abstract: This invention relates to inhibiting leaching of crop treating chemicals into the ground water, aqua-system and surrounding soil of the treatment site by contacting the plant or plant site with an effective leach inhibiting, plant tolerating amount of a nitrogen-containing copolymer having pendant nitrogeneous groups which contains between about 40 and about 98 wt. % of monomer unit A defined by the formula ##STR1## and 2 to 40 wt. % of comonomer unit B ##STR2## wherein X is hydrogen, a C.sub.1 to C.sub.22 radical of the group alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, alkaryl, aryloxy and alkaryloxy;R.sub.2 is hydrogen or --(CO).sub.y' OR';R, R.sub.1, R.sub.3 and R' are each selected from the group of hydrogen and lower alkyl;R.sub.6 is hydrogen or ##STR3## x, y, y' and z each have a value of 0 or 1; a has a value of from 2 to 4;Z is --O-- or --NH--Y is an optionally quaternized group of ##STR4## and R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are hydrogen or lower alkyl except that at least one of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is lower alkyl.

Abstract: This invention relates to inhibiting leaching of crop treating chemicals into the ground water, aqua-system and surrounding soil of the treatment site by contacting the plant or plant site with an effective leach inhibiting, plant tolerating amount of a copolymer of a maleic acid, the corresponding C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl ester of said acid or a mixture thereof and a comonomer of an alkyl alpha alkenyl ether; which copolymers have a molecular weight (Mw) of from about 8,000 to about 3,000,000 and can be directly incorporated into a standard agrichemical formulation.

Abstract: A charge imbalanced polymer is made by:reacting 1 mole of an anhydride compound having the formula ##STR1## where R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, with less than 1 mole of a mixture of about 0.1-0.8 mole of a compound having the formula ##STR2## where n is 1-6, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, and R.sub.3 is H or lower alkyl, and about 0.50-0.4 mole of a compound having the formula ##STR3## where R.sub.4 is C.sub.12 -C.sub.24 alkyl, and where (A) is 2-6 times (B), isolating the product, andhydrolyzing any residual anhydride compound in water to the corresponding diacid compound.

Abstract: This invention relates to hydrolysis resistant, water-soluble ammonium salt solids which are biologically active and which are described by the formula ##STR1## wherein m has a value of from 1 to 3; n has a value of from 1 to 4 and is equal to the free valences in anion R; p has a value of from 1 to 3; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen, and C.sub.1 to C.sub.2 alkyl; R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 are each independently selected from the group of hydrogen, hydroxyalkyl and alkoxyalkyl radicals having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms and R is the anion of a biologically active, water-insoluble anion having at least 1 deprotonized hydrogen and is derived from a biologically active, acidic, organic compound selected from the group of a carboxylic, thiocarbonic, sulfonic, sulfinic, thiosulfonic, thioacid, mono- and di- thiophosphate and phosphorous containing acid, having a pKa* value less than 5.

Abstract: A charge imbalanced composition comprising:(a) about 10 to 90 mole % of an amphoteric copolymer having the formula ##STR1## where R=alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.4,N=1-6,R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently alkyl C.sub.1 -C.sub.6, andR.sub.3 is H,(b) about 10 to 90 mole % of a polymeric diacid having the formula: ##STR2## where R is as defined above, and(c) less than about 8 mole % of by-product salts which are the dialkylaminoalkylamine salts of (a) and (b).The composition described above is made by:reacting 1 mole of an anhydride compound having the formula ##STR3##where R is as defined above,with less than 1 mole of a compound having the formula ##STR4## where n, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined above, and R.sub.3 is H, isolating the product, andhydrolyzing any residual anhydride compound in water to the corresponding diacid compound.

Abstract: An emulsifiable concentrate comprising an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, an organic diluent and a solvent having first and second components, the first component being capable of solubilizing the agriculturally active chemical and the second component in conjunction with the surfactant being effective to disperse the agriculturally active chemical. The inventive concentrate allows for high concentrations of the active ingredient, exhibits excellent stability and produces highly stable compositions upon dilution with water.

Abstract: An emulsifiable concentrate comprising an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, an organic diluent and a solvent having a component capable of solubilizing the agriculturally active chemical and, in conjunction with the surfactant, being effective to disperse the agriculturally active chemical. The inventive concentrate allows for high concentrations of the active ingredient, exhibits excellent stability and produces highly stable compositions upon dilution with water.

Abstract: A solution of stearamidopropyl dimethyl pyrrolidonyl methyl ammonium chloride in a polyhydric alcohol, suitably at a concentration of about 1-30% by weight, preferably 2-20%, and, optimally, about 5-15%, wherein said polyhydric alcohol is a di-, tri-, or tetra hydric alcohol, preferably glycerol, is prepared by(a) slurrying said compound into excess acetone,(b) filtering the slurry to provide a filter cake of said compound,(c) forming a solution of said filter cake in a polyhydric alcohol, and(d) dropping said solution into an evacuated reaction vessel at a suitable rate to minimize excessive foaming while residual acetone is removed therefrom, the solution remaining under substantial full vacuum until substantially all the solution has been added and substantially of the acetone has been removed.

Abstract: An emulsifiable concentrate comprising an agriculturally active chemical, a surfactant, and a solvent selected from the group consisting of a first component capable of solubilizing the agriculturally active chemical, a second component capable, in conjnction with the surfactant, to disperse the agriculturally active chemical, and combinations thereof, said first and second being biodegradeable. The inventive concentrate allows for high concentrations of the active ingredient, exhibits excellent stability and produces highly stable compositions upon dilution with water.

Abstract: The invention relates to cosmetic compositions containing quaternized compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein n and n' are each independently integers having a value of from 1 to 25; p is an integer having a value of from 1 to 4; Y and Y' are each independently H or CH.sub.3 ; R is linear alkyl, alkenyl, or amidoalkyl having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted with C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl; Z is linear alkylene having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms and is optionally substituted with lower alkyl and A.sup.- is an anion.